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 Balanced Forces

 Equal & Opposite Forces

 Do not cause any change in motion
Example: Tug of War

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 Unbalanced Forces

 Unequal force
 Can be in the same or opposite direction

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 Newton’s First law of motion

A body at rest tends to remain at rest and a body in uniform motion tends to remain in
the state of uniform motion until &unless an external force is applied on it

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 Inertia

Inertia is the resistance of a body to change its state of motion

Example :
 Ball at rest tends to be at rest
 Ball in motion tends to move with same velocity

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 Inertia

Jerk experienced when brakes applied suddenly

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 Inertia

Tendency to bend on one side on a cycle

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 Inertia and Mass

Heavier or more massive objects offer larger inertia

OR
The Mass of an object is a measure of bits’ inertia
Example: Empty vs. Full box

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 Newtons Second Law

Second Law of motion states that depends on the force applied to it and how we
measure a force

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 Observation

Which has more impact

 Heavy object moving fast vs. heavy object at rest
 Light object moving fast vs. Light object at rest
 Heavy object moving fast vs light object moving fast

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 Momentum

 Momentum is a product of the mass of a body & and its velocity

 It is a vector quantity
 It is denoted by P = mv

Example: Ball of 1 Kg moving with 10m/sec

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 Force: Mathematical Expression

 Greater force is required to set heavier bodies in motion

 Greater force is required to stop bodies moving with higher velocities

 The greater the change in momentum in a given time, the greater the force that
needs to be applied

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 Force: Mathematical Expression

 Greater force is required to set heavier bodies in motion

 Greater force is required to Stop bodies moving with higher velocities

 The greater the change in momentum in a given time, the greater the force that
needs to be applied

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 Force: Mathematical Expression

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 Force : Mathematical Expression

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 Think !

Why does a fielder gradually pull his hands

Backward with the moving ball,
while catching a ball

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 Think !

 Why does a fielder gradually pull his hands backward with the moving ball while
catching a ball

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 Newton’s Third law of motion

 To every action, There is always an equal and opposite reaction

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 Newton’s Third law of motion

 To every action, there is always an equal and opposite reaction

 Action & Reaction force

 Example: Bouncing of a ball

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 Think!

 How do we walk ?

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 Conservation of Momentum

 In an isolated system, The total momentum is conserved

 Example: Collision of 2 balls

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 Conservation of Momentum

 Bullet from Pistol

 Before firing

 After firing

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