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312 RLE Peritoneal Dialysis BAUTISTA Student Copy 1
312 RLE Peritoneal Dialysis BAUTISTA Student Copy 1
312 RLE Peritoneal Dialysis BAUTISTA Student Copy 1
DIALYSIS
AIDA I. BAUTISTA PhD. MAN. RN.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Explain the purpose of dialysis
Differentiate peritoneal dialysis and
hemodialysis
Appreciate the process of peritoneal
dialysis
Compare the two types of peritoneal
dialysis
Understand the series of exchanges or
cycles in peritoneal dialysis
DIALYSIS
Dialysis is a treatment that does some of the things done by healthy
kidneys. It is needed when the kidneys can no longer perform its
functions
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
HEMODIALYSIS
Cleans the blood with the use of a Collects waste from the blood by washing the
machine. empty space in the abdomen (peritoneal cavity).
Done 3 to 5 times a week. Performed in a daily basis.
Done usually in a dialysis center. Done at home.
The hemodialysis access is in the A peritoneal dialysis access is
arm through an AV Fistula. the PD catheter surgically
An AV fistula is a surgical placed in the lower abdomen
procedure where a vein and an under laparoscopic guidance
artery is directly connected as a by surgeon.
permanent access for hemodialysis A small piece of tubing is left
outside of the body that can be
covered when not in use.
INDICATIONS of PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
1. Patient’s preference
Those unable or unwilling to
undergo hemodialysis
2. Medical conditions
heat conditions, ustable blood
pressure
3. Limited access to dialysis
centers
4. Those who are at risk for
adverse effects of systemic
heparin.
PERITONEAL SITE
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PROCESS
Peritoneal dialysis involves a
series of exchanges or cycles.
Infusion
Dwell
drainage
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PROCESS
During the INFUSION, a DIALYSATE, also called dialysis fluid,
cleansing fluid (dialysate) is dialysis solution or both, is a solution
infused through a tube (PD of pure water, electrolytes and salts,
catheter) into the peritoneal such as bicarbonate and sodium.
cavity. The purpose of dialysate is to pull
toxins from the blood into the
dialysate through the process of
diffusion and osmosis.
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PROCESS
The lining of the abdomen
(peritoneum) acts as a filter and
removes waste products from the
blood.
INFUSION : In adults, 2 to 3 L
(in children, 30 to 40 mL/kg) of
dialysate, warmed to 37° C, is
infused over 10 to 15 minutes.
DWELLING
The PD fluid is allowed to
dwell in the peritoneal cavity
for a period of 4 to 6 hours per
each of three daytime
exchanges and 8 to 10 hours
during the overnight exchange.
Patients will usually carry PD
fluid in the peritoneum
continuously, 24 hours a day.
DRAINAGE
The tube is unclamped and the fluid with
the filtered waste products (EFFLUENT)
drains from the peritoneal cavity between
30 to 40 minutes.
Continuous Ambulatory
When an exchange is doned and the fluid is
Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD)
drained , the plastic bag is removed and
discarded.
This process usually is done 3-5 times in a
24-hour period while the patient is awake
during normal activities.
Each exchange takes about 30 to 40
minutes.
REMARKS:_______________________________________________
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