Sampling Techniques

Sampling Design
• Universe and (Finite / Infinite)
Population (Unique address of all respondents)
• Sampling Frame
2
(On whose behalf response is
•• Sampling Method / Technique taken)
Sampling Unit (Probability or Non- Probability
Sampling)
• Sample Size (Four Methods)
 Sampling Techniques

Sampling Frame
Probabilit Available
y Researcher have no say in choice 3
Sampling of sample
Samplin
g
Techniqu No Sampling Frame
e Non- Available
Probability Researcher have complete say
Sampling in choice of sample
 Sampling Techniques
Probability Non-Probability Sampling
Sampling • Convenient Sampling
• Random Sampling • Purposive Sampling
4
• Stratified Sampling • Quota Sampling
• Cluster Sampling
• Snow Ball Sampling
• Multi-Stage Sampling
• Systematic Sampling
• Sequential Sampling
Probability
Sampling
 Random
Sampling
• Assumption • How to do it?
: • Sampling Frame Available • Use Lottery Method
5
• All items in Population are • Random Number Tables
alike
• Random Number
Generators
• Problem:
• All items are not
same

6
 Stratified
Sampling
• Assumption • How to do it?
: • Sampling Frame Available • Divide the Population in strata
6
• There are some strata in • Choose sample randomly within
samples each
strata
• Problem:
• Cumbersome
process

7
 Stratified
Sampling
Proportionate Stratified Disproportionate Stratified
Sampling Sampling
Groups N Select Groups N Select 7
Low 700 70 Low 700 34
Mid 200 20 Mid 200 33
High 100 10 High 100 33
Total 1000 100 Total 1000 100
8
 Stratified
Sampling
Groups N Select Groups N Sigma Weigh Select Groups N Sigma Weight Select
t
Low 700 70 Low 700 2 36% 36
Mid 200 20
Low 700 10 85% 85
Mid 200 5 26% 26
8
Mid 200 5 12% 12
High 100 10 High 100 15 38% 38
High 100 2 2% 2
Total 1000 100 Total 1000 3900 100%
Total 1000 8200 100%

9
 Cluster
Sampling
• Assumption • How to do it?
: • Sampling Frame Available • Use Lottery
Method 9
• There are some strata in
samples

1
0
 Cluster
Sampling
Groups N A B C D E F G H I J
Low 700 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 1
Mid 200 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 0
High 100 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
Total 1000 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Select any one of the Cluster from A to J

randomly 1
1
 Stratified vs Cluster
Sampling
Stratified Sampling Cluster Sampling
11
Between Samples Different Same

Within Samples Same Different

 Multi-Stage
Sampling
• Assumption: • How to do it?
• Sampling Frame Available • Divide the Population in many
strata 1
• There are some strata in samples
• Technically, it is a higher version • Choose sample randomly within a 2
strata
of • Problem:
Stratified Sampling
• Cumbersome
process

1
3
 Systematic
Sampling
• Assumption • How to do it?
: • Sampling Frame Available • Given N
1
• All items in Population are • Given n
alike
• Find k = N/n
3
• Select any random number between
0 to 9 and keep adding k in that.

1
4
Non-Probability Sampling
 Convenience Sampling
• Assumption: • How to do it?
• Sampling Frame NOT • Choose respondents as and when
Available you meet them 1
• Limitation 4
• Biasness

1
6
 Purposive
Sampling
• Assumption: • How to do it?
• Sampling Frame NOT • Choose respondents as and when
Available you meet them 1
• There are some strata in • Try to maintain the proportion in 5
samples each strata
• Researcher decide to maintain • Limitation
proportion from all strata
• Biasness

1
7
 Quota
Sampling
• Assumption: • How to do it?
• Sampling Frame NOT Available • Fix the proportion in each quota
1
• There are some strata in samples • Choose respondents as and when
• Researcher decide to maintain you 6
meet them
proportion from all strata
• It is almost same as that of
Stratified Sampling, just
respondents are chosen by
researcher 1
8