What are the functions of the

skeletal system?
Parts of the skeletal system
• Bones
• Cartilage
• Joints
 BONES
The outer covering of
the bones is a
connective tissue
called periosteum.
It protects the blood
vessels within the
bone.
 CARTILAGE
It is made up of flexible
connective tissue which
allows smooth movements.
Cartilage protects bones
from rubbing each other.
 JOINTS
A point where two
bones meet and are
held together by tough
tissues called
ligaments.
Classification of joints
according to their
movement
• Immovable or fixed
joints - fibrous joints
that are firmly
attached to one
another. (skull)
Classification of joints
according to their
movement
• Slightly movable-
allow partial movement
due to cartilage
(vertebral column)
Classification of joints according to their movement
• Freely movable or synovial joints- wide range of
movements
TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS

Pivot joints-
two bones
turn on each
other
TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS

Ball –and-
Socket joints-
allow the arm
and leg to
move in
almost any
direction
TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS

Saddle joints-
allow a bone to
move front to
back and left to
right.
TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS

Gliding joints- allow the flat surface of

the bones to slide over each other,
TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS

Hinge joints- allow bones to move in

one direction like a swinging door.
COMMON AILMENT OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

Dislocation- an injury of the joint.

COMMON AILMENT OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

Scallosis- abnormal curvature of the

spine
COMMON AILMENT OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

Rickets- results from Vitamin D

deficiency.
COMMON AILMENT OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

Rickets- results from Vitamin D

deficiency.
COMMON AILMENT OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

Osteoporosis- is a
bone disease that
develops when
bone mineral
density and bone
mass decreases, or
when the quality
or structure of
bone changes
 Hormonal change

accidents
lifestyle
Causes of Bone
Diseases and Injury

aging hereditary