A lecture on the Topic

Substitution Reactions of Benzene

in
“ACHIEVERS”
Online Lecture Series
on

Presented by

Dr. Abdul Ahad Abdul Aala

Assistant Professor,
Department of Chemistry,
Maulana Azad College of Arts,
Science & Commerce,
Aurangabad (M.S), India.

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 Objectives:

 To study the reactivity

and aromaticity of
benzene.
 Electrophiles &
Nucelophiles
 Different Electrophillic
substitution reactions
 Different Nucleophilic
substitution reactions
 Mechanism of Reactions

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It Formed due to incomplete combustion of organic matter

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Drug Molecules contains Benzene

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[3] A molecule must be completely conjugated.
Aromatic compounds must have a p orbital on every atom.

[4] A molecule must satisfy Hückel’s rule, and contain a particular number of 
electrons.
Hückel's rule:
An aromatic compound must contain 4n+2π electrons [n (integer no.) =
0, 1, 2, and so…]
Benzene is aromatic and especially stable because it contains 6  electrons. Cyclobutadiene
is nonaromatic and especially unstable because it contains 4  electrons.
Benzene
Cyclobutadiene
An aromatic compound
non-aromatic compound

4n+2= 6 e 4n+2=4 e
4n=6 - 2=4 4n= 4 - 2 =2
n=4/4=1 n=2/4 = 1.5
7 aromatic non-aromatic

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Electrophilic Substitution Reactions on Benzene

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ArSN1

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Different Reactions of Diazonium salt

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SNEA Mechanism
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