John Dalton and the Concept of

Chemical Elements
HOW DID EARLY SCIENTISTS DESCRIBE THE
ATOM?
ATOMS
• Democritus proposed that matter is composed of atoms.

• John Dalton used this concept to proposed his atomic

model.

• John Dalton expound the idea into his Atomic Theory.

DALTON’S ATOMIC MODEL

Billiard Ball Model

DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY
• Matter is made up of indivisible atoms. Atoms of the same
elements have the same properties.

• Atoms cannot be created nor destroyed. These can only be

combined, separated or rearranged.

• Atoms of the same or different elements may combine with

each other in a fixed, whole number ratio.
LAWS USED BY DALTON
● Law of Definite Proportion

● Law of Multiple Proportion

● Law of Conservation of Mass and Energy

Dalton’s Atomic Theory
Dalton’s List of Combination of Atoms
 MODERN ATOMIC THEORY

● Matter is composed of atoms.

● Atoms of the same elements generally have the same

properties. However, there are isotopes which are atoms of
the same element differing in the number of neutrons.
 MODERN ATOMIC THEORY

● Atoms cannot be created nor destroyed. These can only be

combined, separated or rearranged.

● Atoms of the same or different elements may combine with

each other in a fixed, whole number ratio.
 ELEMENTS

● Elements are composed of just one atom with different

properties.

● Jons Jacob Berzelius made use of symbols to represent

elements.

● Dmitri Mendeleev arranged elements in the Periodic Table.

 Democritus suggested the existence of the atom; but it
1 took two millennia before John Dalton placed a solid
foothold to it as a fundamental chemical object.

Dalton’s atomic theory proposed that all matter was

composed of atoms, indivisible and indestructible building
2 blocks. While all atoms of an element were identical,
different elements had atoms of differing size and mass.
3 Atoms differ in their masses within one element is
called an isotope.

Dalton’s system of naming elements and compounds

4 was then replaced with the chemical symbols and
formulae by Jons Berzelius.
IDENTIFY WHAT OR WHO IS BEING ASKED ON THE FOLLOWING
STATEMENTS.

1. He is an English chemist known for his pioneering work in

the development of the atomic theory.
2. It is the type of compound formed when two atoms of
azote (nitrogen) combined.
3. This is the type of compound formed when one atom of
nitrogen combines with two atoms of oxygen.