LAB 6: SQL GROUP BY,

HAVING AND VIEWS

• Objective: Delve into SQL's aggregation mechanisms and the
creation of views. Understand the importance of grouping and
filtering aggregated data and encapsulating complex queries as
views.
 SQL GROUP BY CLAUSE
• The GROUP BY statement groups rows that have the same values
in specified columns into aggregate data, like COUNT, SUM,
AVG, etc.
 EXAMPLE: SQL GROUP
BY
• SELECT CourseName, COUNT(StudentID) AS
NumberOfStudents FROM Enrollment GROUP BY CourseName;
 EXERCISE: SQL GROUP
BY
• Group the 'Sales' table by 'Product' and count the number of sales
for each product.
 SQL HAVING CLAUSE
• The HAVING clause lets you filter result sets based on a condition
applied to the aggregated data. It is often used with GROUP BY.
 EXAMPLE: SQL HAVING
• SELECT CourseName, COUNT(StudentID) AS
NumberOfStudents FROM Enrollment GROUP BY CourseName
HAVING COUNT(StudentID) > 10;
 EXERCISE: SQL HAVING
• From the 'Sales' table, list products that have been sold more than
50 times.
 SQL VIEWS
• A view is a virtual table based on the result-set of an SQL
statement. It contains rows and columns, just like a real table.
However, the fields in a view are fields from one or more real
tables in the database.
 EXAMPLE: SQL VIEWS
• CREATE VIEW View_StudentsAbove18 AS SELECT
StudentName, Age FROM Students WHERE Age > 18;
 EXERCISE: SQL VIEWS
• Create a view named 'HighCreditCourses' that lists courses from
the 'Courses' table with credits more than 4.
 ADVANCED SQL
GROUPING AND VIEWS
• Using GROUP BY and HAVING clauses, we can aggregate data
and filter it based on conditions. Views allow for encapsulation of
SQL queries and can simplify complex data retrieval tasks.
 FEEDBACK AND
QUESTIONS
• Students are encouraged to provide feedback and ask questions at
the end of the lab.