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BIOLOGICAL
MAGNETS

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INTRODUTION :
 Biological magnets refers to organisms, such as bacteria or
animals, capable of sensing Earth's magnetic field.

 These organisms use this ability for navigation, orientation, or

migration purposes.

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TYPES OF BIOLOGICAL MAGNETS :

 Magnetotactic Bacteria

Magnetotactic bacteria, for instance, align

themselves with magnetic field lines, aiding in their
movement

 Magnetoreceptive Animals

Animals like birds and sea turtles, utilize

biological magnetoreception for long-distance
navigation during migration.
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MAGNETOTACTIC BACTERIA :
 These bacteria possess organelles called magnetosomes, which contain magnetic
minerals.
 They align themselves along Earth's magnetic field lines, aiding in their movement in
aquatic environments.
 Magnetosomes are membrane-bound compartments filled with magnetic minerals like
magnetite (Fe3O4) or greigite (Fe3S4).

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MAGNETORECEPTIVE ANIMALS :
 Sea turtles are known for their remarkable navigational abilities during long-distance
oceanic migrations.
 They likely use a combination of cues, including geomagnetic information, to navigate
accurately across vast expanses of ocean.
 They may detect Earth's magnetic field using specialized cells or structures in their
brains or other sensory organs.
 Many bird species possess magnetoreception, which aids in long-distance navigation
during migration.
 They are believed to perceive Earth's magnetic field through specialized photoreceptor
cells containing magnetically sensitive molecules, possibly located in their eyes.
 This ability helps birds maintain a sense of direction, especially during overcast skies
or at night

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