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 ELASTIN

• It is an insoluble protein polymer,

synthesized from a precursor called
TROPOELASTIN
• Elastin is a connective tissue protein
having rubber-like properties i.e they can
be stretched to several times their normal
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• COLLAGEN: Provides tensile strength to
tissues
• ELASTIN: It is stretchable (rubber-like)

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 ELASTIN

• Elastin is present in:

 Lungs

 Walls of large arteries (e.g Aorta)

 Ligaments
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 STRUCTURE OF ELASTIN

• Elastin is also rich in proline and lysine,

but scanty hydroxyproline and
hydroxylysine
• Tropoelastin is secreted into the
extracellular space

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 STRUCTURE OF ELASTIN

• In the extracellular space, tropoelastin

where it interacts with specific glycoprotein
microfibrils such as ‘FIBRILLIN’ which
provides a scaffold upon which
tropoelastin is deposited
• Tropoelastin + Fibrillin = Elastin
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 STRUCTURE OF ELASTIN

• Some lysine residues are oxidatively

deaminated by Lysyl Oxidase enzyme
forming ‘allysine residues’

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 THE DESMOSINE LINKAGE

• 3 allysine residues + 1 unaltered lysine

side chain from the same or adjacent
polypeptide forms a ‘DESMOSINE
CROSS LINK’

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Desmosine cross-link

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 STRUCTURE OF ELASTIN

• These cross-linkages produce ELASTIN,

which is an extensively interconnected,
rubbery network which can stretch and
bend in any direction when stressed,
giving typical elasticity to the connective
tissue
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 ‘MARFAN SYNDROME’
v.v.imp topic

• It is a connective disorder, caused by genetic

mutation in FIBRILLIN-1 PROTEIN

• (Fibrillin forms a scaffold upon which tropoelastin

is deposited)

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 CLINICAL FEATURES OF MARFAN
SYNDROME
• Defects in skeleton, eyes and CVS

• Patients are tall, thin

• Long arms, legs, fingers and toes

• Flexible joints, mitral valve prolapse

• Scoliosis (bending of spine)

• Dislocation of lens of eye

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 Difference between Collagen & Elastin

NO COLLAGEN ELASTIN
1 Many different genetic types Only one genetic type

2 Structurally composed of No alpha helix; consists of

triple helix
3 Forms fibers which are tough
and provide tensile strength
to tissues
4 Hydroxyproline & Less present
hydroxylysine are abundantly
present
5 Intra-molecular aldole cross-
linkages
random coil conformation
allowing stretch
Rubber-like properties, and can
be stretched
Intra-molecular desmosine
cross-linkages

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 Difference between collagen & Elastin

NO COLLAGEN ELASTIN
6 Contains carbohydrate No carbohydrate present

7 Most abundant protein in Less abundant

body
8 Precursors are pre-pro-alpha
chains
9 Found in connective tissue,
skin, blood vessels, cornea,
bones & ligaments
10 Genetic disorders are EDS &
OI
Precursor is Tropoelastin
Found in skin, lungs, large
blood vessels
Genetic disorder is Marfan
syndrome

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 SEQ

Q: Differentiate clearly between collagen

and elastin

Q: Name the precursor molecule of

elastin/collagen

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 MCQs-UHS

• Collagen is deficient in:

a. Proline

b. Lysine

c.Tryptophan

d. Hydroxylysine

e. Glycine
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 MCQs-UHS

• Collagen is classified as which type of

protein?
a. Globulin
b. Protamines
c. Prolamines
d. Albumins
e. Albuminoids

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 MCQs-UHS

• Most abundant amino acid present in

collagen is:
a. Glycine
b. Lysine
c. Tyrosine
d. Proline
e. Alanine

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 MCQs-UHS

• The form of collagen which enters the

Golgi complex is:
a. Pro-collagen
b.Tropocollagen
c. Pro-α chains
d. Pre-pro- α chains
e. Collagen fibrils

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 MCQs-UHS

• During collagen synthesis, vitamin C is

required for:
a. Oxidation reactions
b. Hydroxylation reactions
c. Deamination reactions
d. Assembly of collagen fibrils
e. Cross linkage formation

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 MCQs-UHS
• The primary linkages present in elastin are:

a. Peptide linkages

b. Hydrogen bonds

c. Desmosine linkages

d. Hydrophobic linkages

e. Ionic linkages
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 MCQs-UHS
• In Marfan’s syndrome, there is defect in:

a. Liver

b. Kidneys

c. Skeletal system

d. Brain

e. Skin
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 MCQs-UHS
• The form of collagen which is excreted out of
the cells is:

a. Pre-pro α chains

b. Pro α chains

c. Pro-collagen

d. Tropocollagen

e. Collagen fibrils
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 MCQs-UHS
• Fibrous proteins have axial ratio greater than:

a. One

b. Two

c. Four

d. Ten

e. Twenty

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 MCQs-UHS
• Glycosylation of which of the following occurs
during collagen synthesis?

a. Glycine

b. Proline

c. Lysine

d. Hydroxyproline

e. Hydroxylysine
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 SEQs -UHS

• Write the role of ascorbic acid in the synthesis

of collagen
• Write the intra-cellular steps of collagen
biosynthesis

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 SEQs -UHS

• Write the clinical features and biochemical

basis of MARFAN SYNDROME

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 SEQs -UHS

Q 1: Differentiate clearly between collagen &

elastin

Q 2: An adult male has hyper-extensible skin

and increased episodes of subcutaneous
hemorrhages. A genetic defect in protein is
suspected
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 SEQs -UHS

a. Name the disorder he is suffering from

b. What is the underlying cause of this disorder?

• Write a short note on the amino acid
composition in collagen. Which amino acid is
deficient in collagen?

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 SEQs - UHS

• A patient has multiple episodes of bone

fractures even with mild trauma. Physical
examination shows bone fragility, blue sclera
and significant hearing loss

a. Name the disease he is suffering from

b.What is the cause of this disease?

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