L aran a, In c.

GRAD IGCSE
GRAD IGCSE
E:
E:
ELECTROLY
ELECTROLY
SIS
SIS
MEMBER (CAROLINE,LUCA,JULIA,JESSICA,
S: STEVE)
WHAT IS THE
PURPOSE OF DOING
THE PROJECT OF
ELECTROLYSIS?
To separate a compound or molecule
into its components parts.
 OBJECTIV
ES
To isolate elements and electroplate
objects

To separate pure metal from metallic compound

 What is
Electrolysis?
The electrolysis is the process by which electric
current is passed through a substance in molten or
aqueous solution to affect a chemical change. The
chemical change is one in which the substance loses
or gains an electron (oxidation or reduction).
 HOW
?
Passing electrical current through a solution
of molten ionic compound, to decompose
electrolytes.

This separates the ions & will be discharged

at the electrodes to form elements.
THE PRODUCT OBTAINED DURING
ELECTROLYSIS DEPENDS ON
Nature of electrolyte(aqueous or molten).

Concentration of
electrolyte.
Charge density flowing during
electrolysis.

Nature of the electrode(inert or

active).
 ADVANTAG
ES
Useful for extracting metals that cannot be obtained through
reduction or smelting

Can produce very pure metal

Keeps the metal free from corrision or

rusting
 Disadvantages
01 It takes a lot of electricity and that makes it expensive.
02 It Contributes to the emission of greenhouse gases and other
pollutants leading to climate change and air pollution.
03
It is only used for the most reactive metals.
Electrolysis of copper sulfate solution using
copper electrodes.
1. Result
• Copper deposits at the cathode, causing the size of the cathode to
increase.

• Copper from the anode dissolves, leading to a decrease

in the size of the anode. REACTION AT THE
_
2+ CATHODE
• The blue color of the solution doesn't Cu (aq) + 2e Cu (s)
change. (copper deposits)
• The net result of the electrolysis of copper(II) sulfate solution REACTION AT THE
using copper electrodes is the loss of copper from the anode and
ANODE
_ 2+
the deposition of copper at the cathode. Cu(s) 2e+Cu (aq)
Electrolysis of copper sulfate solution
using graphite electrodes.
•setting up an electrochemical cell and
connected to a power source ,such as a battery
or power supply.

•When the power turned on ,a redox reaction

occurs at the electrodes.
2+ +
•cations Cu & H go to cathode and both are
discharged.
 2+
•Cu accept electrons from cathode,forming copper atoms
- 2-
•Anions OH and SO go to anode and both are discharged.
- 4
•OH lose electrons and form oxygen gases which are evolved at the anode or
oxygen is produced at the anode by the oxidation of water.
 CATHODE
REACTION
2+
-
Cu + 2e Cu

ANODE
REACTION
- -
4OH 2H2O+O +4e
2
 Electrochemical series
+
K

The electrochemical series is a list of elements ranked by their tendency to undergo oxidation or reduction in
redox reactions.
 ELECTROLYSIS OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF
ALKALI AND ACID BY USING GRAPHITE
ELECTRODES
(1) Electrolysis of di lut e sodi um
hydroxide solution by usi ng graphit e
electrodes

AT THE oxygen Hydrogen

+ _
CATHODE(REDUCTION)
2 (aq) + 2e H 2 (g) D ilu te sodium
H ydroxid e solution
H
AT THE
G raphite
_
ANODE(OXIDATION) _ electrode
4O (aq) O 2 (g) + 2H2O (l) +4e
H Anode C atho de
 (2)Electrolysis of dilute sulphuric acid by using
Graphite Electrodes

AT THE oxygen Hydrogen

CATHODE(REDUCTION)
+ _
2 (aq) + 2e
Dilute sodium
H 2 (g) Hydroxide solution

H AT THE
G raphite
electrode
ANODE(OXIDATION)
_ _ Anode C atho de
4O (aq) O 2 (g)+ 2H 2 O (l) +4e
H
 APPLICATION OF
ELECTROLYSIS?
•Extraction of Metal from their
Ores
• Refining of Metals
• Manufacturing of Chemicals
• Electroplating
THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR
YOUR ATTENTION