CONTRAST

CONJUNCTIONS
BAHASA DAN SASTRA INGGRIS
KELAS XII
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Having finished learning this unit, the In saying many expressions, we

students are expected to be able to:
often use various connectors.
1. Identify the social function, For expressing or comparing
structure, and linguistic features of
people, things or phenomenon
Contrast Conjunctions;
which are different, you will
2. Use Contrast Conjunctions in
need to exploit certain
daily life.
constructions.
BASED ON THE TEXT ‘COLLEGE LIFE”, FIND THE
MEANING OF THE SENTENCES BELOW
• In contrast, students can easily get into • However, colleges do not consider only
an American or Canadian college at least S.A.T. scores.
more easily that in other countries.
BASED ON THE TEXT ‘COLLEGE LIFE”, FIND THE
MEANING OF THE SENTENCES BELOW
• On the other hand, when American and • College education in many countries
Canadian students begin college, many (such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and the
of them discover that they need to work United Arab Emirates), by contrast, is
very hard and study seriously for the free.
very first time in their lives-especially if
they plan to go to graduate school.
BASED ON THE TEXT ‘TASK 3’, FIND THE
MEANING OF THE SENTENCES BELOW
• The Times, although it does not neglect
human interest, offers more news of
worldwide importance.
• The Times, on the other hand, is much
more formal and detailed; its articles take
up several columns and are filled with
background material and events that may
have bearing on the present story.
CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION

• ‘Connectores’ are used to link large groups of words: phrases

and sentences. You can also use them to connect paragraphs to
give them coherence.
• Common conjunctions used to emphasize contrast are: on the
other hand, while, whereas, however, nevertheless, still, yet, in
spite of.
CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION

• On the other hand, while, whereas

These expressions are used to balance two contrasting ideas that do not
contradict each other.
Examples:
I like to live in the city, while/whereas my wife prefers the country.
Electronic gadgets make life easier. On the other hand, they encourage people to be
physically inactive.
CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION

• However, nevertheless, still, yet, in spite of this

These sentence connectors are used to emphasize the fact that the second point
contradicts with the first.
Examples:
1. Some of us want a new system. However, not everybody agrees.
2. He is rich. Still, he leads a miserable life.
3. There was little chance of success; nevertheless they decided to perform the surgery.
CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION

• However, nevertheless, still, yet, in spite of this

These sentence connectors are used to emphasize the fact that the second point
contradicts with the first.
Examples:
4. James is very ambitious whereas his brother is quite the reverse.
5. The flight was an hour late. In spite of this, I managed to get to the conference in time.
6. We went out in spite of the rain.
CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION

* In contrast
House prices have gone up this year. In contrast, car prices seem to be stagnating.

* Nevertheless
I was in so much pain I didn’t want to get up in the morning. Nevertheless, I went to
football practice as usual.
There was little chance of success. Nevertheless, we didn’t give up.
CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION

* Nonetheless
I don’t think Sean has serious behavior problems. Nonetheless, I’ll talk to him first thing
in the morning.

* Yet
I’ve asked you a thousand times not to leave your dirty socks on the floor. Yet, you keep
doing it.
CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION

* By comparison
Going out with Jim has its risks. By comparison, being with Tim is as easy as falling off
a log.

* On the contrary
I don’t hate Jim. On the contrary, I’m rather fond of him.
CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION

* Instead
I didn’t want to take a side in the argument. Instead, I put my headphones on and listened to
some smooth jazz.

* In any case
I was thinking of going round Jim’s place. In any case, I haven’t been invited.

* All the same

Yes, he’s very good looking. All the same, I don’t think you should go out with him.
CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION

* Unless
I will go to the zoo unless it’s cold.

* Even if
Even if Boby studies hard, he won’t pass the exam.

* If
If Budi studies hard, he will pass the exam.
HOWEVER & NEVERTHELESS

* Nevertheless: formal, negative to positive

Hunting of tigers has decreased its quantity; nevertheless, extensive conservation
increases its population

* However: informal, positive to negative

The store had a great collection of shirt; however, I did not find even a single one that fit
me.
HOWEVER & NEVERTHELESS

1. It was raining. We still went to the park.

2. John bought the nice watch. It is very expensive.
3. The restaurant has a good reputation. The food was terrible.
4. I am vegetarian. I sometimes eat fish.
5. Syria is dangerous country for travelers. I still want to go
there someday.
 HOWEVER & NEVERTHELESS

6. The water in the city is not safe to drink. She gives it to her dog to drink.
7. Terry is afraid to speak in front of people. She is giving a speech at the
university next week.
8. The tornado destroyed the entire town. No one was killed.
9. The school forbids the students to wear shorts. Julie wears her new shorts.
10. Our guitarist is sick. We are going to perform without him tonight.