TEST ITEMS &

MODERATION: JUPEB’S
STYLE OF FORMATTING
BY PIUS M. OSUNTUYI
(SENIOR TEST OFFICER, JUPEB)
INTRODUCTION

 Text formatting refers to the visual arrangement and styling of text in a document or
digital medium.
 In general, text formatting is crucial for improving written content's readability,
expressing emphasis and hierarchy, and boosting its visual attractiveness. Text may be
made more readable, accessible, and aesthetically pleasing for readers by using the right
formatting strategies.
 Thus, to improve readability, clarity, professionalism, credibility, organisation,
consistency, and compliance with academic norms, formatting a JUPEB test item is
essential. It enhances the test items' overall quality and facilitates the item writer's ability
to clearly convey their thoughts to the candidates.
Formatting and Editing

 Formatting describes how a document or written item looks on the outside. This covers
elements like alignment, margins, spacing, and font size. Formatting is essentially how
your work appears on the page.

 On the other hand, editing is the act of enhancing and changing the writing's content.
This covers elements such as spelling, grammar, punctuation, and clarity. The goal of
editing is to improve your writing.
Essentials of JUPEB Formatting

Text Tables/Diagrams Others

 Size  Size/Thickness  Phrasing (Emphasis and
  consistency)
Spacing Spacing
 Numbering
 Margins  Margins
 Alignment.  Alignment.

N.B. You cannot do completely without editing. Some aspects require editing.
Formatting (General Rules)

 Page size is A4 (8.27” x 11.69”)

 The recommended font is Times New Roman, Colour is
Black and the font size is 12.
 The line spacing should be set at 1.5
 The paper margin should be set at Normal (Top:1”,
Bottom: 1”, Left: 1”, Right: 1”)
 Italicise uncommon words, do not underline
 Make your indentations uniform
 Note special applications/characters for subjects like
Mathematics, Chemistry, Music, Igbo, French, and Yoruba
Formatting (General Rules)

You should label the files properly in this format

 Biology MCQ and Essay
 Biology Keys
 Biology Essay Marking Guide
 Biology Practical
 Biology Practical Marking Guide
 Biology Instructions to Practical

N.B. Non-practical subjects should have THREE

Documents
Text Formatting (MCQs)

 Each MCQ should have Four (4) aligned options in vertical order numbered with A., B.,
C., & D.
 The options numbering must align with the first letter in the stem
 It is advisable that auto-numbering of questions should be used for the MCQs.
 The modern trend of setting MCQs excludes the use of ellipsis point “…” or dash “____”
either at the beginning, middle, or end of any question.
 Negative phrases should be Capitalised and Bolden e.g. EXCEPT, NOT etc.
Text Formatting (Essays)

 Within the essays, the figure should be Capitalised and Bolded.

(1-10 should be in word, 11 and above in Figures)
 In case we have different steps in question, each step should be written in this format.
1. (a)
(b) (i)
(ii)
 The marks allocated for each step of the question must be indicated against the question
Bolded and placed in Square Brackets.
Text Formatting (Titles/Sub-Titles)

 Introduction to MCQs should be written, bolden and capitalise as

SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Answer ALL Questions
 Introduction to Essays should be written, bolden and capitalise as
SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS
Answer FOUR Questions in ALL; ONE Question from each Course
 Indicate course code & title in each section bolden and capitalise as
CRS 001: INTRODUCTION TO NEW TESTAMENT
 Remember to add titles to other documents like Keys, Marking Guide… (Name of Institution, Subject,
Document Type, Paper Set…)
Table & Diagram Formatting

 All diagrams and tables must be in black and white or grey scale
 Line thickness must not be less than 1 point
 Introduction to diagrams are essential
 References to diagrams and/or table should be in curve brackets below the diagram/table
 Diagrams and tables should align with the text
 Always remember to group the diagram pieces
 Ensure diagram and questions are on one page especially in the MCQs
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Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go
de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese,
Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro
askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me
vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin,
Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah,
Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do
well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa
ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa,
Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh,

Thank
Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode,
Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de,
Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese,
Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro
askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me
vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin,
Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah,
Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do
well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa
ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa,
Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh,

FOR LISTENING
You
Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode,
Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de,
Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese,
Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro
askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me
vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah, Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin,
Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Nagode, Daalu, E se, You do well, Miyotti, Nyiro askerngena, Msugh, Obe, Emiyenkah,
Obekha, Doh, Uwese, Sosono, Agba/Awa, Ahinya, Kubetebuin, Adokpe, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa naa ci, Avo, Seyil, Me vye, Ngwai, Ma go de, Nd’goodoota-ngaa
naa ci, Sosono, Agba/Awa,