Music of Southeast Asia

Vocal and Instrumental Music

of
VIDEO PRESENTATION
VIDEO PRESENTATION
 Vocal and
Instrumental
Music of

MYAN
❑ is officially the Republic of the
Union of Myanmar

❑ was known as Burma until 1989

❑ Myanmar is bordered by:

Bangladesh
India
China
Laos
Thailand
❑ Capital: Naypyidaw

❑ Largest City: Yangon

(Rangoon)

❑ Official Language: Burmese

❑ Demonym: Burmese / Myanma

❑ Its traditional music is an
indispensable factor in the
spiritual life of its people.

❑ Its music has similarities with

many other musical traditions
including Chinese music and
Thai music.
❑ Burmese music emphasizes
inner melody whose music
sounds are richly theatrical.

❑ The musical instruments are

categorized into two namely:

✔ anyeint (instruments played in

concerts)
✔ hsaing-waing (instruments
played for orchestra).
TYPES OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

❑ Loud Sounding
performed in open-air ensembles
at ceremonies and festivals.

❑ Soft Sounding
performed indoors at formal and
classical performances
❑ It is made up mainly of
different gongs and
drums (as well as other
instruments depending on
the nature of the
performance)

❑ Most of the Hsaing Waing

instruments belong to the
loud sounding category.
✔ Hne (a double-reed pipe)

✔ Chauk Lon Pat (a set of 8

tuned drums)

✔ Maung Hsaing (larger bronze

gongs in a rectangular frame)

✔ Pat waing (a set of 21 drums

in a circle)

✔ Kyi waing (small bronze gongs

in a circular frame)
PAT WAING
Classification:
Idiophone

Definition:
It is composed of 21
drums in circle.
The player sits in the
middle of a horseshoe shaped
shell and uses his bare hands to
play the instrument.
 PATTALA
Classification:
Idiophone

Definition:
It consists of 24
bamboo plate placed above
a resonating box starting
with the lowest pitch on the
player’s left side and the
highest pitch on the player’s
right side.
 MI
GYAUNG
Classification:
Chordophone

Definition:
Three-stringed
zither which looks like a
crocodile.
The strings are
played with a plectrum.
 SAUNG
GAUK
Classification:
Chordophone

Definition:
It is an angular harp
which has 13 strings.
It is regarded as
the national instrument of
Myanmar.
 DOBAT
Classification:
Membranophone

Definition:
A double headed
drum played to bring in the
harvest or to call for rain
when the monsoon is late.
 SIDAW
Classification:
Membranophone

Definition:
A double headed
drum played to bring in the
harvest or to call for rain
when the monsoon is late.
 VOCAL MUSIC
⮚ Myanmar’s collection of classical songs

- royal court music

- songs of longing
- horses’ dance songs
- worship songs for Burmese spirits
- songs of sorrow

⮚ accompanied saung gauk

 PALWEI
Classification:
Aerophone

Definition:
It is a wind
instrument which consist
of a hallow tube played
by blowing through a
whole at one end.
 Vocal and
Instrumental
Music of

MALAY
❑ Destination Malaysia, a Nations
online country profile of the
nation in Southeast Asia,
formerly known as British
Malaya and later as the
Federation of Malaya.

❑ KUALA LUMPUR in the largest

city.

❑ Official Language: BAHASA

MALAYSIA
❑ Is a federal constitutional
monarchy located in Southeast
Asia.

❑ It consist of thirteen states and

three federal territories.

❑ It is separated by the South

China Sea into two seized
regions.
❑ Multi-racial groups that
influence Malaysia’s Music
Genre:

✔ Malay
✔ Chinese
✔ Indian
✔ Iban
✔ Dayak
✔ Kadazandusun
✔ Eurasians
❑ Malaysian Music is based on percussion
instruments and has multi-cultural influence.

❑ Classical and folk – exists as vocal, dance

and theatrical music which emerged during
the pre-colonial period.

❑ Syncretic (or acculturated music) – music

influenced by other cultures including
Arabian, Persian, Indian, Chinese, and other
Western countries.
❑ Malaysian Music is believed to have
originated in the Kelantan-Pattani region
with a mixture of Indian, Chinese, Thai, and
Indonesian influence.

❑ MUSICAL ENSEMBLES;
⮚ AGUNG and KULINTANG
⮚ KERTOK
⮚ DIKIR BARAT
⮚ SILAT MELAYU
 AGUNG and KULINTANG
⮚ a musical ensemble composed of small, horizontally-laid gongs,
accompanied by larger, suspended gongs and drums used in funerals
and weddings.
 KERTOK
⮚ a musical ensemble that consists of xylophones played in traditional
Malay events.
 DIKIR BARAT
⮚ a musical ensemble that performs choral singing with or without
percussion instrumental accompaniment.
 SILAT MELAYU
⮚ a combative art of self-defense combined with dance and music
designed to strike assaults like t’ai chi accompanied by gongs, drums,
and Indian oboes.
TRADITIONAL INSTRUMENTS
OF MALAYSIA
KOMPANG
Classification:
Membranophone

Definition:
It is a single-sided
hand-held frame drum. Its
size ranges from about 20-
40 cm in diameter.
The frame is made
of hardwood and its head is
made from goat skin hide.
GENDANG
Classification:
Membranophone

Definition:
It is a double -
headed drum of varying
sizes made of cowhides.
It is one of the
primary instruments used in
gamelan ensemble.
 SERUNAI
Classification:
Aerophone

Definition:
A reed wind
instrument, played using a
technique known as “circle
breathing”.
GEDOMBAK
Classification:
Chordophone

Definition:
It is a single-headed
drum which is covered by a
skin on one end and it is
open on the other end.
It is played by
slapping the head of the
instrument with hands.
 KESI
Classification:
Idiophone

Definition:
It is played by
striking the fixed discs which
the performer holds with his
hands.
Video Presentation
Video Presentation
 QUESTIONS.
.
1. What is the importance of music in terms of historical,
geographical and cultural background of Myanmar and
Malaysia?

2. Are musical elements important to the music of

Myanmar and Malysia?
.