CE155-2

LECTURE 9: PAINTING WORKS

PAINT
• Are commonly called “surface coating”
• It is defined as a coating applied to a surface or substrate to decorate, to
protect, or to perform some other specialized function.
PAINT INGREDIENTS

• Vehicle/Binder
• Solvents
• Pigments
• Additives
VEHICLE
• Is that substance in the paint which gives a film continuity and provides adhesion to the
surface or substrate.
• The vehicle contains the film which is the combination of:
• Resins
• Plasticizers
• Drying oil
DIVISION OF VEHICLE
• Solid Thermoplastic film formers – the solid resin is melted for application and solidifies
after application.
• Lacquer type film formers – the vehicle dries by solvent evaporation
• Room Temp. Catalyzed film formers – Chemical agent blended into the coating before
application cause cross-linked into a solid polymer at room temperature.
• Oxidizing film formers – Oxygen from the air enters the film and cross – links to form a
solid gel.
• Heat – cured film formers – heat causes cross linking of the film former or activates a
catalyst that is not active until heat has been applied.
• Emulsion – type film formers – The solvent evaporation and the droplets of plastic film
former floating in it flows together to form a film.
SOLVENT
• Are low viscosity volatile liquid used in coating to improve application properties.
• Paint thinner is considered a solvent used to thin oil-based paints or clean up after their
use.
PIGMENT
• Are solid grains or particles of uniform and controlled size that is generally
insoluble in the vehicle of the coating.
• It contributes to the ff. properties:
• For the decoration function
• For the protective function
• It serves as in ease of sanding, flame retardance and electrical conductivity
• Pigments are also used to fill space in paint films
ADDITIVES
• Are ingredients formulated into the paint to modify the properties of either
the vehicle or the pigmentation or both.
PAINT FAILURE

• The primary cause of paint failure is “Moisture” which is

considered as a menace to the best of paint jobs.
TYPES OF PAINT FAILURE
TYPES OF PAINT FAILURE
TYPES OF PAINT FAILURE
TYPES OF PAINT FAILURE
ELEMENTS OF GOOD PAINTING JOB
• Correct Surface Preparation
• Choice of the proper paint system
• Good Application with the right technique and tools
• Correct Drying Cycle
• Protection against water
SURFACE PREPARATION
The quickest way to achieve paint failure is improper surface preparation. It is just important to
qualify a surface preparation contractor and applicator as it is to specify a painting system. The
following subsections give a general overview of surface preparation consideration.

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS:
• Interior Woodwork – Finishes shall be sandpapered between coats. Cracks, holes, or
imperfections in plaster shall be filled with patching plaster and smoothed off to match
adjoining surfaces.
• Plaster or Masonry – shall be dry before any sealer or paint is applied.
• Metals – shall be clean, dry, and free from mill scale and rust.
• Concrete and brick surfaces – shall be wire brushed clean.
CATEGORIES OF SURFACE POROSITY

• Fine Surface
• Semi Rough Surface
• Rough Surface
TAKE NOTE

• 30 sq.m. area coverage per gallon of water for dilution

• 1 pint of concrete neutralizer for mixing to 2.5 gallons of water
• For Rough Surface – used minimum area coverage
• For Semi Rough Surface – used between the minimum and maximum
area coverage
• For Fine Surface – used the maximum area coverage
• ½ of paint thinner for 4 liters of paint
ESTIMATING YOUR PAINT
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 1
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 2