Hardware

Information System
 • Describe information systems

hardware;
Upon successful • Identify the primary components
completion of this of computer and the functions
chapter, you they perform;

will be able to: • Explain the effect of the

commoditization of the personal

computer.
 What is
Hardware?
The physical parts of computing
devices – those that you can
actually touch.
ex : Drives, Laptop , Printer etc.
Digital Technologies
- encompasses the range of electronic tools,
systems, devices and resources used to
generate, store or process data.
ex: refrigerator, automobiles,
beverages dispenser etc.
Digital Devices
- processes electronic signals
into discrete values, of which
there can be two or more.
Many electronic devices process signals into two discrete
values, typically known as Binary.
Byte
values are represented as either
- known as a group
a one (“on”) or a zero (“off”).
of eight bits.
One or zero is referred to
as a Bit (a blending of Word Size
- number of bits that can
the two words “binary”
be processed by a
and “digit”). computer’s processor at
one time.
 Today’s PCs can
process 64 bits of
data at a time which is
where the term 64-bit
processor comes from.
 Understanding Binary
The numbering system you first learned was Base 10 also known as Decimal.
 Understanding Binary
Each column has a Base of 2 and has an increasing
exponent value moving to the left.
Prefixes were
applied to the
word byte to
represent
different
orders of magnitude.
 All personal
computers
consist of the
same basic
components:
Tour of a PC
 Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
The core of a computer is the Central Processing
Unit, or CPU.
 Intel Core i7 CPU

The earliest CPUs were large circuit

boards with limited functionality.
 Chips
• Dual-core - (two processors)
• Quad-core (four processors)

- increase the processing power of a

computer.
- provide the capability of multiple CPUs all
sharing
the processing load.
The speed (“clock time”) of a CPU is measured in hertz.
14/15

Moore’s Law and

Huang’s Law
 Gordon Moore
• one of the founders of Intel
• recognized this phenomenon in 1965,
• noting that microprocessor transistor
counts had been doubling every year.

Moore’s Law

• The number of integrated circuits on a chip

doubles every two years.

• Has been generalized into the concept that

computing power will double every two
years for the same price point.
 Jen-Hsun "Jensen" Huang

• A Taiwanese-American billionaire
businessman and electrical engineer.
• Serves as president and CEO of the Nvidia
Corporation, which he co-founded in 1993.
• Graduated from Oregon State University
before moving to California.
Motherboard

The main circuit board on the

computer.
 Random-Access Memory

RAM is generally installed in a personal computer through the use of a Double Data Rate
(DDR) memory module.
 Four generations of DDR:
• DDR1
• DDR2
• DDR3
• DDR4
- Each generation runs faster than the previous. - DDR4
capable of speeds twice as fast as DDR3 while consuming
less voltage.
Hard Disk

Drives with a capacity less than 1 Terabyte usually have just one platter.
 Solid State
Drives
The SSD performs the same
function as a hard disk,
namely long-term storage.
 Removable Media

Floppy disks have been replaced

by CD-ROM drives, then
they were replaced by USB (Universal
Serial Bus) drives.
 done by adding an
Network
expansion card to the
Interface Cards computer that enabled
(NIC) the network connection.
 INPUT AND OUTPUT

CONNECT TO THE COMPUTER VIA VARIOUS CONNECTION PORTS

WHICH GENERALLY, ARE PART OF THE MOTHERBOARD AND ARE
ACCESSIBLE OUTSIDE THE COMPUTER CASE.
 Bluetooth exchanges data over short
distances of 10 meters up to 100 meters
Bluetooth using radio waves.
Other Computing Devices

Portable
Computers

Smartphones

Tablet
Computers
Integrated Computing and Internet
of Things (IoT)
• a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and
digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided
with unique identifiers (UIDs).
• the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring
human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.
 Information systems hardware consists
of the components of digital technology
that you can touch. This chapter covered
the components that make up a personal
Summary computer, with the understanding that the
configuration of a personal computer is
very similar to that of any type of digital
computing device.
THANK YOU