Architectural Design 1 (Apartment)

Project 2

Site Analysis
 Presented and done by Group 8
Group members ID NO
 AKLESIA TAMIRU UU92226/R
 EYERUSALEM TILAHUN UU92244/R

 HANA LULESAGED UU92221/R

 REDIET BELAY UU90377/R
 RUTH LEULSEGED UU90627/R
 SUZAN BEFEKADU UU90351/R
 VENUS MEUZ UU90579/R

Section N5
SUBMITION DATE: MAR 15/20204
 CONTENTS

 LOCATION MAP
 SITE DESCRIPTION
 NATURAL FEATURES
 MANMADE FEATURES
 NEIGHBOURHOOD CONTEXT
 SWOT
LOCATION MAPS

 These are specialised maps used for finding a specific location, guiding
and showing how to go from here to there in the clearest possible way,
with information directly relevant to a specific journey such as
recognisable landmarks, points of interest , petrol stations, hotels and
any other hint helpful along the way.
 Location Map means a drawing at a reduced scale which shows legibly,
by dimension or other means, enough area beyond the bounds of the
proposed subdivision to locate and orient the subdivision within the city
and the relationship of the site to the community facilities which serve
or influence the property.
 Site location map means a representation by means of signs and symbols
on a planar surface, at an established scale, of the streets, wells, and
general use of the land for properties within at least one-quarter mile of
the facility boundaries, with the direction of orientation indicated.
 SITE DESCRIPTION

 A site description in a site analysis typically refers to a

detailed overview or summary of the physical
characteristics, features, and conditions of a specific site or
location. This can include information such as the size,
topography, vegetation, soil type, drainage patterns, existing
structures, utilities, access points, and any other relevant
details that may impact the design and development of
a project on that site.
To create a comprehensive
site description ,follow the
following steps

 1. Site Visit
 2. Site Boundaries
3. Topography
4. Vegetation.
Soil Conditions
 6. Existing Structures:
Identify any existing
structures on the site, such as
buildings, infrastructure,
utilities, or other man-made
features that may impact the
design and development of
the project.
7. Utilities: Note the location
of existing utilities on the
site, including water lines,
sewer lines, electrical lines,
gas lines, and any other
utilities that may need to be
considered in the project
design.
8. Access Points: Identify the
access points to the site,
including roads, driveways,
sidewalks, pathways, or other
means of entry and exit.
9. Environmental
Considerations: Evaluate any
environmental factors that
may affect the site, such as
wetlands, floodplains,
wildlife habitats, or other
sensitive areas that require
protection.

10. Constraints and

Opportunities: Summarize
the key constraints and
opportunities presented by
the site, including challenges
that need to be addressed and
potential benefits that can be
leveraged in the project
design.
NATURAL FEATURES
TOPOGRAPHY

Slope
 Architects constantly provide slope information
on their drawings using gradients, degrees, or
percentages depending on the application. For
instance, roofs are noted using gradients, but
cross-slopes on sidewalks are usually notated in
degrees. It is helpful to understand how to
calculate each method.
 There are three different ways to indicate the
slope of a surface relative to the horizontal
plane: degrees, gradient, and percentage.
 Calculating a Slope Gradient
Calculating the Slope Percentage

Calculating a Slope in
Degrees
TYPES OF  Sloping up

SLOPES  Sloping down

 Cross fall slope
 Cross fall and sloping .
 Why slope is important?
To garner insight into the subsurface conditions
of the slope.
 *To determine the capability of the slope to withstand the weight
of the proposed infrastructure
 *To infer the impact of external environmental factors on the
slope
 * To assess the likelihood of a slope collapse
 * To detail risk mitigation measures
 What information is important to do slope analysis
 Direction of the site slope
 Percentage of a slope
 Type of slope
 Distance from the main road
Contour
 Important terms
 Contour interval
 Horizontal interval
 Contour gradient
Applications
Before builders start building projects on barren land, a When laying a railway line, or building a long road,
contour study helps determine the status of the land and contouring helps determine the depth of the land for
its depressions or elevations. filing purposes.

Contouring can also be used to study flood levels in an In hilly areas, it lets a person know about the exact
area. They also help locate deep lakes, wells and dams. elevation of the hills.

The colouring method can only be conducted when the

contouring of an area is done.
•Why it is important?
•● Gives you precise elevation points on
your site
•● You can identify the slopes of the site
and the topography size
•Identify the elevation of the site from
the road level
Drainage

 Drainage is the system or process by which water or other

liquids are drained from a place. Line the pots with
pebbles to ensure good drainage. The drainage system
has collapsed because of too much rain. Synonyms:
sewerage, waste, sewage More Synonyms of drainage.
 Drainage systems include all of the piping within a private
or public property that conveys sewage, rainwater, and
other liquid waste to a point of disposal. The main
objective of a drainage system is to collect and remove
waste matter systematically to maintain healthy
conditions in a building.
 Factors to consider on site
 Length of rain in your area
 The steep slope of the area
 Installation time and performance
 And the availability of a drainage expert.
 How we can solve drainage?
 Civil drainage
 Rain gutter
 French drains
 Storm water management
 Vegetation
 Site considerations
 When assessing the existing topography and vegetation of a site, considerations include:
 access to winter sun
 the amount of shading required
 provision of shelter from strong, cold winds
 enhancement of cooling breezes
 privacy
 existing biodiversity
 planted species – native or introduced
 age of the existing planting.
 Plants as a passive design tool
 Plants and trees can assist the passive design of buildings by:
 providing shade
 funnelling breezes where cooling is required
 providing shelter from intrusive winds
 reducing glare by filtering summer sun
 having species that let in winter sun during cooler weather
 helping manage stormwater runoff.
 Generally, prevailing winds blow east-west rather
than north-south. This happens because Earth's
rotation generates what is known as the Coriolis
effect. The Coriolis effect makes wind systems twist
counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and
clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.
 Wind Direction: Most of the locations have a ruling
major direction from which the wind blows during
different season and time of the year depending
upon local climate. However, this will not always
hold true and will vary from location to location. If
a designer wants to design a climatically responsive
house, it is very important to consider the wind
direction that can be channelized through interiors.
This will play an important role in size & placement
of openings.
 List of things that should be followed for wind oriented
buildings are: Wind regions and zones Designing for
wind
Sun

 By analysing the impact of the sun on a site, as well as the building’s location, the
spatial arrangement, orientation, window placement, daylight access and other
design features, the designer can take full advantage of passive solar design
features and increase the energy efficiency, comfort and financial value of the
building.
 Assessing a site for sun
 Solar radiation
 Building material durability
 Shade
Why is climate analysis important?
Studying the climate helps us predict how much rain the next
winter might bring, or how far sea levels will rise due to
warmer sea temperatures. We can also see which regions are
most likely to be affected by extreme weather, or which
wildlife species are threatened by climate change.
Site analysis is a preliminary phase of architectural and urban
design processes dedicated to the study of the climatic,
geographical, historical, legal, and infrastructural context of a
specific site.
Man made features

 In architectural site analysis, man-made features

refer to elements that have been constructed or
created by humans and are part of the built
environment. These features play a significant role
in shaping the character, function, and design of a
site.
 A)Physical infrastructure
 When discussing physical infrastructure
architecture in site analysis, you would typically
focus on the following aspects:
 1. Infrastructure Components
 2. Design and Layout
 3. Functionality
 4. Connectivity
 5. Resilience and
Sustainability
 6. Impact on Site Development
 7. Regulatory Compliance
 B)social infrastructure
 1. Social Infrastructure Components
 3. Community Engagement: Evaluate how the social infrastructure architecture fosters community
engagement and interaction, promotes social cohesion, and supports cultural activities and events.
 4. Inclusivity and Accessibility: Assess the inclusivity and accessibility of social infrastructure architecture
to ensure that it accommodates diverse populations, including people with disabilities, seniors, children,
and other marginalized groups.
 5. Health and Well-being: Consider how social infrastructure architecture contributes to promoting health
and well-being through access to healthcare services, recreational spaces, educational opportunities, and
other resources that support physical and mental wellness.
 6. Sustainability and Resilience: Examine the sustainability and resilience of social infrastructure
architecture in terms of its environmental impact, energy efficiency, and ability to adapt to changing social
needs and demographic trends.
 7. Cultural Heritage and Identity: Explore how social infrastructure architecture reflects and preserves the
cultural heritage, identity, and values of the community, contributing to a sense of place and belonging.
 C)Utility lines
 1. Identification and Mapping: Begin by identifying and mapping the location of utility lines,
including electrical, water, sewer, gas, telecommunications, and other infrastructure that runs
through or near the site. Understanding the layout and distribution of these utility lines is
essential for assessing their impact on site development.
 2. Integration and Coordination: Evaluate how utility lines architecture is integrated into the
site design and coordinated with other elements such as buildings, roads, landscaping, and
public spaces. Consider how utility lines are positioned to minimize visual impact, optimize
efficiency, and ensure safety.
 3. Maintenance and Accessibility: Discuss the maintenance requirements and accessibility
considerations associated with utility lines architecture. Address how utility lines are
maintained, repaired, and upgraded over time to ensure reliable service delivery and
compliance with regulatory standards.
 4. Safety and Risk Mitigation: Assess the safety measures and risk mitigation strategies
implemented in utility lines architecture to prevent accidents, leaks, outages, and other
potential hazards. Consider how utilities are protected from natural disasters, vandalism,
and other threats.

 5. Environmental Impact: Analise the environmental impact of utility lines architecture in

terms of energy consumption, resource utilization, emissions, and waste generation.
Explore opportunities for incorporating sustainable practices, such as renewable energy
sources, green infrastructure, and energy-efficient technologies.

 6. Regulatory Compliance: Review the regulatory requirements and standards that govern
the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of utility lines architecture. Ensure
that utility providers adhere to local codes, zoning regulations, environmental policies, and
safety guidelines.

 7. Future Expansion and Adaptation: Consider how utility lines architecture accommodates
future expansion, technological advancements, population growth, and changing
infrastructure needs. Evaluate the flexibility and scalability of utility systems to support
long-term development goals.
Neighbourhood context in
land use activities
 Land use activities for an apartment site typically
include:
 1. Construction
 2. Landscaping
 3. Parking
 4. Utilities
 utilities such as water, electricity, gas, and sewage
systems to the apartment complex.
 5. Amenities and Features:
Determine the amenities and
features desired for the

 apartment building, such as parking

facilities, outdoor spaces, common
areas, and sustainability features.
 Based on these
considerations, common
apartment building types
include:

 - Low-rise Apartments
 - Mid-rise Apartments
 - High-rise Apartments
- Mixed-use
Developments:
Socio- economic condition for apartment site

- Here are some key factors to consider:

 1. Income Levels
 2. Employment Opportunities
 3. Population Demographics
 4. Housing Market Dynamics
 5. Infrastructure and amenities
 6. Community Development Plans
SWOT
 SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to assess the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats
associated with a specific site or project. By conducting a SWOT analysis, architects and designers can gain a
comprehensive understanding of the internal and external factors that may impact the design process, decision-
making, and overall success of a project. Here's how SWOT analysis can be applied in architectural site analysis:
 1. Strengths:
 - Identify the positive attributes and advantages of the site, such as favourable location, natural features, historical
significance, accessibility, views, or existing infrastructure.

 2. Weaknesses:
 - Recognize the limitations, challenges, or deficiencies of the site, such as environmental constraints, poor
connectivity, inadequate infrastructure, zoning restrictions, or physical barriers.
 3. Opportunities:
 - Identify potential opportunities for growth, improvement, expansion, or innovation within the site context, market
trends, community needs, or regulatory changes.
 - Explore possibilities for enhancing the site's value, creating new amenities, optimizing space utilization, incorporating
sustainable practices, or fostering community engagement.
 - Seize opportunities to align the project with emerging trends, technological advancements, cultural influences, or
economic developments that can enhance its long-term viability and relevance.

 4. Threats:
 - Anticipate external factors or risks that could pose challenges to the project's success, such as economic downturns,
political instability, environmental hazards, regulatory hurdles, market competition, or changing user preferences.
 - Evaluate potential threats that may impact the project timeline, budget constraints, design integrity, stakeholder
relationships, or overall project feasibility.
 - Develop contingency plans, risk mitigation strategies, or adaptive responses to address threats proactively and
safeguard the project's viability.
THANKYOU!