HISTORY OF

LODGING
CHAPTER 2
Learning Objectives:
• Describe the history of lodging.
• Discuss the future of the hospitality industry.
• ldentify the benefits of working in the hospitality
industry.
• Explain the current condition of the hospitality
industry.
Lodging refers to renting of a short-term accommodation. It
is important to people who often travel for business and
leisure in more than a day and need lodging for sleep, rest,
food, safety, shelter from cold temperatures or rain, storage
of luggage, and access to common household functions.
Lodging can be classified into different types, such as
hotels, motels, inns, homestays, and others.
HISTORY OF THE LODGING
INDUSTRY-INTERNATIONAL

ANCIENT HISTORY
CLASSIC GREEK AND ROMAN DAYS
During the Classic Greek and Roman days, hospitality had been a part of certain religions that
helped with its development. They provided accommodations which were managed by slaves. Inns,
on the other hand, were large mansions.

Caravans crossing vast deserts stopped at caravansaries in the early days of the Near East. These
lodgings were surrounded by wide courtyards. There were basic constructions made up of four
walls that provided safety from raiding attackers who attacked at night. Taverns and inns supplied
lodging for traveling merchants, actors, and academics during the final year of the Roman Empire
The lodgings were still basic.
 MACRO PABLO characterized "yams" (posthouses) as apartments fit for a
king in his writings. Bethlehem's Inn was the most well-known. The large
crowds that had gathered to pay their share had put a strain on the small town's
lodging industry. Jacob and his brother are described in the Old Testament as
traveling through Judea, stopping at an inn, and foddering their mounts.

MIDDLE AGES

Not until 1473 did the term hostelers was used. It means "inn holders."
Nowadays, the HOSTELERS mean guests who are staying at hostels.
Depending on the hostel, its design is very classic and standard as it is very
simple, but it has traditional areas needed for accommodations like kitchen and
comfort room.
COLONIAL PERIOD

A public carriage service began operating in 1650, Coaches ran between major Cities and
stopped wherever passengers requested. much to how bus lines do now. Coach inns were
built along the roadways, primarily at locations where horse teams were changed. Such
places are referred to as "inns" in the United Kingdom.

The key routes between important towns along the Atlantic Coast were dubbed post roads
by the United States Postal Service, which was founded in 1710. Entrepreneurial farmers
repurposed their farmhouses into inns as a result of the creation of these post roads.
NINETEENTH CENTURY

During the nineteenth century, the hotel/motel industry had been influenced by the
introduction of railroads. As a matter of fact, when it was laid, depot hotels immediately
became a hit. Some of them were directly connected or adjacent to train stations.

SPAS AND RESORTS

Since Roman times, spas, which are defined as mineral springs or pools believed to be
medical or wholesome, have been a popular tourist destination. Pleasant resorts arose as a
result of the introduction of railroads. Saratoga Springs, located in New York, was the
most well-known spa in the 1830s. Rail connection has been added to spas in Baden,
Germany, Marienbad, Bohemia, and Vichy, France, which have been popular for years.
 MODERN-DAY HOTELS

Nowadays, everything has been modernized due

to the increasing rise of technology and demand.
Hotel owners and management must
continuously strive to develop their operations
and facilities as time goes by in order to stay on
trend. There are several improvements
nowadays which make several hotels a big hit.
Some of it are high-tech furniture, extravagant
rooms, and excellent views.
THE FUTURE OF THE HOTEL INDUSTRY

The future of the hotel industry can be straightforward as many industries' future also
relies on it. It could be the automation, which several hotels have been starting to utilize.
It is a way of using robots as a substitute to manpower in order to improve operations. It
is a good thing and idea. However, manpower resources should not be extinguished
because they are also a vital component of hotel industries.
PRESENT CONDITIONS OF THE
LODGING INDUSTRY
Nowadays, rooms offered are developing along with technology. Big hotels made
sure that they keep up with the trends. They upgrade their rooms with the latest
technology to offer the most convenient and comfortable stay in the hotel. Five-star
hotels that offer smart rooms or intelligent rooms are equipped with push button
control for curtains, coffee maker, and dimming of lights just right beside the bed.
Online check-in was also introduced where guests can check in using their cellular
phones, but later on, it was removed due to safety issues. The room key card is now
programmed to limit the access of each guest where he/she can only press the
elevator button of the floor 'where he/she is booked. Just in case he/she presses the
wrong button, the elevator will not lift him/her to that floor. This was designed for
the safety purposes of each guest.
• Most of the tourist preferences in hotels are changing due to social media, travel
reviews, and influence of family and friends.
• Each experience posted on social media by tourists creates impact on those who have
plans on traveling. It can be either good or bad, but social media motivates us to travel.
• Hotel room rates are also decreasing due to a tight competition among online travel
agencies (OTA), such as Agoda,Booking.com, Expedia, and many more. Hotel's
revenue is also affected. There are many channels that will entice the owners to go
along with them with a higher percentage of commission.
• Emerging destinations must be ready to attract players to build hotels to accommodate
the tourists according to their development plans. After reaching the desired number of
accommodations, they must again do the task analysis of supply and demand and
know when to limit and stop the development.
FUTURE OF THE LODGING
INDUSTRY
The millennial travelers born in 1981 to 1996 are presumed to be the largest
hotel guests and will be the primary consumer market in the next few years.
They.are the digital natives who missed the laid-back way of life that brings a
strong desire for local, cultural, and authentic experiences. On the other hand,
they expect a highly personalized service. Due to these fast-changing digital
technologies and to be abie to accommodate these primary markets, hoteliers
are doing their own innovations, renovations, designs, guest services,
and experiences for the upkeep of the business and competitiveness while
focusing on ethical path and smart features to satisfy these millennials.
WHAT WILL THE HOSPITALITY
INDUSTRY LOOK LIKE IN 2030
Hoteliers must be curious on how they might get affected and how to stay competitive in their
businesses. The Lausanne Report, EHL, in cooperation with hospitality experts, provides six
theses on key hospitality trends that will impact the industry by 2030, which are the following:

• Shift of market power

Because the millennials, who are digital natives, will become the primary consumers of hotels,
the market power is now moving to them.
2.Vulnerability on the rise
Hospitality's vulnerability to a variety of events could increase due to various factors which
might transform hospitality into fragile business. One good example is due to climate change
since many dangerous threats have been Occurring. To create resilience, the industry will need to
focus on security planning, stress test, and securing the infrastructure. These preparations can
make the tourists feel safe and secure to travel and stay in your hotel. However, although hotels
choose to be resilient, it is still not a guarantee in encouraging
guests to travel.
3. In search of a sense of belonging
The "human factor" is a science of understanding what affects our performance and behavior in
the workplace. It allows us to learn how we can work both mentally and physically and how we
can create a strategic design for our work environment and system to maximize guests' care,
safety, and staff well-being.

Human factor is the primary and vital element for the development of the hospitality industry.
Human beings need to feel the sense of belongingness; thus, hospitality business needs to be able
to meet and incorporate the demands of individuals and society.

In the industry, human factors (also known as ergonomics) is the study of

how humans behave physically and psychologically in relation to particular environments,
products, or services. Human has its own limit; thus, humans commit errors.
 4. Emotional experience
The highest challenge of hospitality managers of the future is to improve the intangible guest
experience, which involves views and emnotions. Each customer reacts differently based on the
experience he/she has had in your hotel; therefore, managers must be creative and careful in the
service they render,
which create a memorable experience. In this digital world, people desire for balance. In order to
meet their expectations, touching their emotions is a must.

5. Smart hotels depend on smart Destination

Destinations must provide a main airport hub connected to high-speed ground transportation to
link city clusters. This hotel must allow seamless door-to-door travel and provide access and
individual security. Since there is an increase in international travel as work from home is being
practiced, there will also be a reduction of resources due to balancing, sensors, and forecasting.
As expected in the years to come, there will be highly networked urban security measures, smart
grids as independent power plant, and digitization of energy supply chain.
6. Scope of knowledge
A competent general manager must possess certain characteristics toward
the employees and guests to create an excessive general ambiance. If the
manager treats employees well and fairly, they will most probably do their job well, and in
most cases, they exceed their performance from what is expected. Effectiveness and
efficiency are also pivotal in every operation.
 KEY PLAYERS IN
THE LODGING
INDUSTRY
CHAPTER 3
 Learning Objectives:
• Identify the key players in the lodging industry.
• Discuss the role of each key player in the lodging industry.
• Classify the basic competencies in the lodging industry.
• List some challenges faced by the key players in the lodging
industry.
• Integrate a deeper learning about the key players in the lodging
industry.
 The hotel industry is one of the most important parts of the service industry,
catering to customers who need an overnight accommodation. This industry is
associated with the travel industry and the hospitality industry. The hotel
industry is the section of the service industry that deals with guest
accommodation or lodging. It refers not only to hotels, but also to many other
forms of overnight accommodations, such as condo hotels, boutique hotels,
motels, inns, and guesthouses. In engaging in the hotel industry, the hotel
management must clearly identify the key players of the industry in order to
achieve success in business, as well as in providing hospitality to all of its
guests.
HISTORY OF THE KEY PLAYERS
IN THE HOTEL INDUSTRY

During ancient times, travel was only reserved for upper

classes or rich people. However, as time went by, in the
Middle Ages, travel had become more available to
common people. More and more people had been able to
travel also. At first, rich people were the ones who could
travel for leisure, while the lower class only traveled for
religious purposes.
ROLES OF THE KEY PLAYERS IN
THE LODGING
• GLOBAL HOTELIER

This refers to the expert on how to meet the growing demands of tourists, as well
as the abilities and attitudes that must be acquired to compete in the market. With
the global market shifting toward competency-based management, future hoteliers
will only be able to advance up the corporate ladder and prosper if they continue to
develop on job-related abilities.
2. HOTEL GUEST
This refers to a person whose name and address are registered on the registry
maintained by the hotel and who is the bona fide occupant of a room of the hotel.

There are three common classifications of hotel guests:

Tourist - is visiting from out of town and wants to get the most out
of his/her visit. During his/her leisure time, a tourist will participate
in several activities, will enjoy views, and will try several specialty
dishes of the town he/she is visiting.
Business Traveler- is the one who is visiting certain places to
attend meetings, conventions, and the like.
Event Traveler- is the one who is traveling to attend an event. It
can be a convention, meeting, birthday, wedding, and the like.
4 BASIC COMPETENCIES OF
GLOBAL HOTELIERS

SELF-MANAGEMENT COMPETENCY
A global hotelier must be able to develop his/her self-awareness in order to be able to
successfully manage operations. Workers in the industry must display high degree of
reliability as a result of mutual respect with their coworkers.

COMMUNICATION COMPETENCY
A global hotelier must be able to effectively communicate with his/her colleagues and, most
importantly, with his/ her guests. He/She must have excellent communication skills,
particularly when dealing with foreigners, and must be able to communicate in a foreign
language.
MULTICULTURAL COMPETENCY
Hoteliers from around the world must be able to work in a
multicultural setting. They must be able to comprehend various
cultural, political, and economic contexts in order to
communicate effectively with coworkers and visitors.

TEAMWORK COMPETENCY
Global hoteliers must be able to work as a team. It is very important
for hoteliers to be able to socialize and work productively with other
people.
CHALLENGES FACED BY
GLOBAL HOTELIERS

CUSTOMER EXPECTATIONS

As the demand on the hospitality industry rises, customers'

expectations also rise. It can be a challenge to global hoteliers
as they need to sustain or attain customers' expectations and
satisfactions in order to improve marginal utility as well as to
have satisfactory ratings.
TECHNOLOGY
Technology can be a challenge because when new technology is
introduced, the former can be easily replaced. Some hotels are not able
to continuously improve technology on a very fast customers phasing.
Some prefer very high technology hotels.

MARKETING MANAGEMENT

Marketing is very important in every business as it attracts customers. In

a service- driven business, marketing is
very crucial as customers tend to post ratings regarding the offered
services. These ratings are very crucial to a customer's decision-making
process when availing one's services.
CLASSIFICATIONS OF LODGING
OPERATIONS

Hotels and resorts are all about the concept of hospitality, which implies
warmth and respect, and builds understanding and appreciation among
cultures. Every hotel and resort is classified according to standards in order
for them to cater to their customers according to their guidelines and let
them experience a hotel or resort with its finest quality ând a good
environment.
 TYPES OF LODGING OPERATION
• CLASSIC HOTELS
They aim to ensure that each guest enjoys the tradition of hospitality that was the
distinguishing mark of all the great British country houses.
• RESORTS
They area full-service lodging facility, intended primarily for travelers and usually
located in places frequented for relaxation or recreation, such as beaches,
seashores, scenic or historic areas, ski parks, and spas.
• SPA
They are a place to receive massages, facials, body scrubs, and other services
included on their menu in either a day spa or an overnight setting.
 • ALL-SUITE HOTELS
This is a hotel in which every room has an attached living room and/or kitchen.
• CONVENTION HOTELS
These are large meeting places designed to provide special needs for convention and
trade shows.
• CONDOMINIUM HOTELS
Rooms have been legally converted into condominium units that are sold
to buyers, and where the condominium apartments are meant to be rented as part of the
hotel's room inventory.
• MOTELS
This is a type of hotel that offers free parking as well as lodging, usually a roadside hotel
with rooms close to an outside parking area or an urban hotel with parking within the
structure.
 • RESIDENTIAL HOTEL AND SERVICE APARTMENTS
These are apartment buildings offering maid service, a dining room, and room meal
service.

• CASINO HOTELS AND RESORTS

These are establishments consisting of a casino with temporary lodging provided in an
on-premises hotel. Customers receive the benefits
of both gambling facilities and lodging.
CLASIFICATION OF HOTEL ON THE
BASIS OF CLIENT

BUSINESS HOTEL
It is an accommodation that caters to business travelers. Business hotels often have
convention or meeting places to cater events and other gatherings. Guests are important
people who have a certain business in the location.

SUITE HOTEL

It is a hotel that is often personalized and luxurious. It is quite expensive than a traditional
hotel because it offers much more amenities and has a higher class of service.
TRANSIENT HOTEL

It is a hotel where guests tend to stay if they are move or they just need a place to stay for
a very short span of time.

CASINO HOTEL

It is a hotel that offers casino and other games and activities for guests. Most people who
want to play or gamble their money choose to stay in this kind of hotel not just to have
fun, but also to relax.

CONVENTION HOTEL

It is a hotel that can accommodate a large number of people which are often attendees of
a specific gathering also held in its own convention center.
RESIDENTIAL HOTEL

It is a hotel that is designed for a much longer stay

CLASSIFICATION OF HOTEL BASED

ON THE LEVEL OF SERVICE
• World-Class Services Hotels - These are hotels that cater to luxurious and rich
people. These are one of a kind hotels where people spend large amounts of money
just to experience their services.
• Mid-range Services Hotels - They also offer high quality of services but tend to be
quite cheaper than the world-class services hotels.
• Economy Hotels - These are hotels that are budget-friendly.
Thankyou