LESSON 3

PRINCIPLES
OF
DESIGN
Principles of Design
ARE ALSO CALLED ORGANIZATION OF THE
ELEMENTS. THEY HELP PEOPLE MAKE SENSE
OF THE ENVIRONMENT, AT THE SAME TIME,
MAKE IT AESTHETHICALLY PLEASING AND
INTERESTING.
THEREFORE, IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW THE
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN TO BE ABLE TO
EVALUATE ITS ART VALUE.
1. HARMONY
This refers to the wholeness of the design, the
pleasing arrangement of parts and the agreement
between parts of a composition, resulting in a
united whole
1. HARMONY
1. HARMONY
In music, harmony is the combination of musical
notes simultaneously played to produce music.

No musical work has only a single note. It needs

harmony to be considered music.
1. HARMONY
In writing, the theme or the topic is the uniting
factor. It binds all the parts and elements of the
story, making it worth reading.
A piece of work that has no harmony is confusing
to read.
2. HARMONY
The main goal of United Nations (UN), an
intergovernmental organization, is to create
harmony among peoples of all nations.
Its slogan is "unity in diversity"
2. VARIETY
Variety pertains to the assortment or diversity of
a work of art.

Variations are produced so that monotony and

uniformity in the environment are prevented.
2. VARIETY
2. VARIETY
2. VARIETY
3. RHYTHM
Slightly contrary to variety is the rhythm or beat.
It is the regular, repeated pattern in the elements
of art.
it is a flow, or feeling of movement, achieved by
the distribution of visual units or sound units in
time.
3. RHYTHM
3. RHYTHM
3. RHYTHM

FLOWING RHYTHM ALTERNATING RHYTHM PROGRESSIVE RHYTHM

3. RHYTHM
ALTERNATING RHYTHM
3. RHYTHM
FLOWING RHYTHM
3. RHYTHM
PROGRESSIVE RHYTHM
4. PROPORTION
Elements in a work of art should have a
relationship with one another. This
relationship is called proportion.
4. PROPORTION
In a stage setting, the backdrop and the props
must be appropriate to the performers without
outshining them so that they do not steal the
audience's attention.
4. PROPORTION
5. BALANCE
Balance pertains to the even distribution of
weight. It is the principle that deals with
equality.
In art there are two types of balance:
FORMAL BALANCE & INFORMAL
BALANCE
5. BALANCE
FORMAL BALANCE
refers to two sides that are identical to each
other.
Example: Cross-sectional image of a butterfly.
Radial design
5. BALANCE
5. BALANCE
 5. BALANCE
INFORMAL BALANCE
refers to two sides not identical to each other yet
equal in visual weight.

Example: Ikebana, the Japanese art of flower

arrangement
5. BALANCE
5. BALANCE
The word "Balance" is used in many aspects of
life and in world affairs.
Example: In order to be healthy, people need a
balanced diet.
In world affairs, people need a balance power
from the stronger nations.
6. MOVEMENT
It means by which dancers make use of their
bodies to express an inner condition.
Actors express their lines through facial
expressions, gestures, and body language as they
move onstage.
6. MOVEMENT

This is the fundamental principle in

choreography and the theater arts.
Movement is a way to convey feelings and
emotions.
6. MOVEMENT
6. MOVEMENT
6. MOVEMENT
7. EMPHASIS & SUBORDINATION

Emphasis is the principle that gives

importance or dominance to a unit or an
area.
Subordination gives less importance to a
unit area.
7. EMPHASIS & SUBORDINATION

Emphasis is the principle that gives

importance or dominance to a unit or an
area.
Subordination gives less importance to a
unit area.
7. EMPHASIS & SUBORDINATION
7. EMPHASIS & SUBORDINATION
Thank you
for
listening :)