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Lecture 3 - Coelentrata and Platy Helm Int Hes
Lecture 3 - Coelentrata and Platy Helm Int Hes
Lecture 3 - Coelentrata and Platy Helm Int Hes
PHYLUM
COELENTRATA/CNIDARIA
• Almost all marine species
• Estimated about 9000 species
Coelentrata
Cnidaria Ctenophora
COELENTRATA: Characteristics
• Almost all marine species
• Radial symmetry
• Do not possess a head
• Exist in 2 morphologies: polyp and medusa
• Possess stinging organ – nematocyst
– Except for ctenophores
• Nervous system
– Simple
– No central control
• Reproduction – sexual and asexual
Two morphologies of Coelentrata
Polyp
medusa
General morphology of Medusa
Subclass Zoantharia
• Simple tentacles with no branching;
• eg anemone, hard corals – Metridium, Adamsia,
Astrangia
Subclass Alcyonaria
• Tentacles with 8 pinna
• eg soft corals – Alcyonium, Gorgonia
CLASS ANTHOZOA
Subclass Zoantharia
Anemone
Hard Coral
CLASS ANTHOZOA
Subclass Alcyonaria
Eg. Alcyonaria
Class Hydrozoa
• Solitary or colonial;
• Polyp – asexual stage;
• medusa – sexual reproductive stage;
• Sometimes difficult to differentiate madusa form from
true jelly fish (scyphozoa);
• Hydrant do not have mesentery
• Medusa (if present) possess velum
• Eg Hydra, Obelia, Physalia
Example of Class Hydrozoa - Hydra
gonads
Portuguese man-of-war
Pelagia notiluca Physalia sp
(Scyphozoa) (Hydrozoa colony)
Class Scyphozoa
• Solitary;
• Polyp stage reduced or absent;
• Medusa in the form of a bell (no velum)
• Mesoglea (between epidermis and
gastrodermis) thick;
• All marine spp.;
• Eg Aurelia, Cassiopeia, Rhizostoma
SCYPHOZOA: EXAMPLES
Rhizostoma sp
Aurelia sp
Class Cubozoa
Main features of the box-jelly pedalia
Ctenophores
Ctenophore -Characteristics
• Voracious predators;
• No stinging cells (nematocysts);
• Possess colloblasts (sticky cells) to
capture prey;
• Special cilia in mouth used for biting
gelatinous prey.
Cnidaria - Feeding
• Ctenophora - predators
PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES –
FLAT WORMS
PLATYHELMINTHES: CHARACTERISTICS
Excretory canal
Flat worm – external features
A Dorsal surface
B Dorsal and ventral surface;
1 Head
2 Anterior
3 Posterior
4 eye-spot
5 Sensory lobe
6 Dorsal surface
7 Mouth
8 Pharynx (extended when feeding)
9 Pharynx opening
10 Genital opening
11 Ventral surface (ciliated)
CLASS MONOGENEA
Hook
Sucker