Paraphrasing

Strategies
Wildan Nurul Aini, M.Pd.
DIII Nursing Study Program
Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya
Academic Year 2023-2024
We can paraphrase by using these
methods:

1. Changing nouns to verbs or vice versa

2. Changing active to passive
3. Combining sentences using relative clauses
4. Combining sentences using conjunctions
5. Using synonyms or word definitions
 STRATEGY 1: Changing nouns to
verbs
EXAMPLE

Nouns Verbs
Original : You have to give us your decision by tomorrow.
Paraphrase : You have to decide by tomorrow.

Verbs  Nouns
Original : Researchers investigated the problems.
Paraphrase : Researchers conducted an investigation into the problems.
 STRATEGY 2: Changing active to
passive
EXAMPLE
1. Original : A tornado destroyed the house.
S O
Paraphrase : The house was destroyed by a tornado.
O S
2. Original : The doctor had treated hundreds of patients.
? ?
Paraphrase: Hundreds of patients had been treated by the doctor.
? ?
 EXERCISE: STRATEGY 2

https://forms.gle/xTmXwA7p3iH8bcC
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STRATEGY 3:
Combining sentences using relative clauses

Relative clauses use “who, which, and that” to combine sentences.

EXAMPLE
1. Original: Jim lives in Ottawa. Ottawa is the capital of Canada.
Paraphrase: Jim lives in Ottawa, which is the capital of Canada.

2. Original: Viruses are dangerous programs. They usually enter a computer secretly.
Paraphrase: Viruses are dangerous programs that usually enter a computer secretly.

3. Original: Laura is a wealthy woman. She rarely worries about the cost of things.
Paraphrase: Laura is a wealthy woman who worries about the cost of things.
EXERCISE: Strategy 3
1. The angry teacher scolded a student. The student
was bleeding.
2. I saw the photograph on the wall. It was taken at
Angkor Wat.
3. Toronto is a cosmopolitan city. It is home for
nationalities all across the globe.
STRATEGY 4:
Combining sentences using conjunctions

COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.

EXAMPLE
1. Jennifer was good at science. Her sister had trouble with writing.
2. If you’re certain about your choice, please do it now. You may lose your
chance.
3. That movie scares me. I don’t want to watch the movie.
4. The zoo’s only elephant was starving. It had not eaten since last week.
STRATEGY 4:
Combining sentences using conjunctions (ctd.)

EXAMPLE (answer)
1. Jennifer was good at science, but her sister had trouble with writing.
2. If you’re certain about your choice, please do it now or you may lose your
chance.
3. That movie scares me so I don’t want to watch the movie.
4. The zoo’s only elephant was starving for it had not eaten since last week.
STRATEGY 4:
Combining sentences using conjunctions

SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS:
after, before, since, when, while, although, because, unless.

EXAMPLE
1. I have no money. I can’t go to the play.
2. Some university classes are challenging. Other classes are boring.
3. The party ended. We went to the beach to watch the sunset.
4. Polar bears are cute. The mothers are dangerous if they think you are
threatening their cubs.
STRATEGY 4:
Combining sentences using conjunctions

EXAMPLE (answers)
1. Since I have no money I can’t go to the play.
2. Some university classes are challenging while other classes are boring.

3. Before the party ended, we went to the beach to watch the sunset.
4. Although polar bears are cute, the mothers are dangerous if they think you
are threatening their cubs.