‫كيفية برمجة واعداد جهاز الراوتر‬

‫‪Routing Fundamentals‬‬
Introduction to Routing
a.What Is a Router?
b.What are Functions of a Router?
c. How router works?
d.Various Ports in a Router?
e. Memory Types in a Router?
What Is a Router .a
-A networking device that operates at the network layer of OSI model to connect multiple or different networks.
- It uses IP addresses to send and receive data.
-Performs packet directing functions in the network.

What are functions of a Router

- Joins Multiple networks.
- Assigns IP addresses to end devices.
- Selects best path when there is multiple links to destination.
 c. How Router Works
- When a packet arrives at a router, it examines destination IP address of a received packet and make routing decisions accordingly.
- Routers use routing tables to determine out which interface the packet will be sent.
- A routing table lists all networks for which routes are known. Each router’s routing table is unique and stored in the RAM of the
device.

Routing Table:
- A routing table is a set of rules, often viewed in table format, that is used to determine where data packets traveling over
an internet protocol (IP) network will be directed.
- All IP-enabled devices, including routers and switches, use routing tables.
d. Various Ports in a Router
- Ethernet ports- connect other devices like switches, PC, server etc.
- Console port- connect to PC for local configurations.
- Auxiliary Port- connect to modem for remote configurations.
- Serial Ports- Connect different networks.