Explanation Text

SMA AL-ITTIHAD PEKANBARU

ENGLISH GENERAL PROGRAM
XI/2
 What is picture number 1 & 2 ?
 What do you see from picture
number 1 & 2?
 How do you think these happen?
What is picture number 1 & 2 ?

What do you see from picture

number 1 & 2?

How do you think these happen?

 The Objective of Study

 Analyzing social function, structure, and language features of

explanation text about natural and social phenomena (phenomenon)
according to contexts.

 Understanding message in spoken and written explanation text

about natural and social phenomena according to its social function,
structure, and language features
 Islamic Value

 ‫ُهّٰللَا اَّلِذ ْي ُيْر ِس ُل الِّر ٰي َح َفُتِثْيُر َسَح اًبا َفَيْبُس ُطٗه ِفى الَّس َم ۤا ِء َك ْيَف َيَش ۤا ُء َو َيْج َع ُلٗه ِكَس ًفا‬
‫َفَتَر ى اْلَو ْد َق َيْخ ُرُج ِم ْن ِخ ٰل ِلٖۚه َفِاَذ ٓا َاَص اَب ِبٖه َم ْن َّيَش ۤا ُء ِم ْن ِع َباِد ٖٓه ِاَذ ا ُهْم َيْس َتْبِش ُر ْو َۚن‬

Allah is He Who sends forth the winds, so moves the clouds. Then He spreads it forth
in the sky as He wills and He breaks it up then you see the rain coming forth from
amongst them. Then when He causes it (the rain) to touch upon whom He wills of His
servants, behold, they enjoy. (Ar-Rum:48)
Explanation Vs. Procedural Text

 Explanation text is one of the English texts which explains about a

process.

 Procedural text (explain how to do something)

 Explanation text (explain how certain event happens)
Definition

 Explanation text refers to a non-fiction text that is used to describe

how or why things happen.

 Social Function : explain how or why a certain phenomenon occurs

(process involved in the formation or working).

Natural Phenomenon : Earthquake

Social Phenomenon : Globalization
Generic Structure

 General Statement (general information about the topic

explained in the text)

 Sequence of Explanation (chronological order of an event)

 Closing (Additional information and opinion)

Language Features

 Temporal and causal conjunction

(First, Then, Next, After, Finally)
(As a result, So, If, Because, Therefore)
 Action Verbs ( Occur, Drop, Run)
 Passive Voice (be+V3) (construction workers build the
house) (the house is built by construction workers)
 Present Simple Tense
 How Does Rain Happen
We all know that rain is primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world, providing
suitable condition for diverse ecosystems. Rain is water that descends from the sky through several
processes until the rain occurs. Do you know how does rain happen?
The phenomenon of rain is actually a water circle. The concept of water circle includes the sun
heating the Earth’s water surface and causing the water surface to evaporate. Earth’s water includes
water from lake, river, and ocean. Then, the water vapor experiences condensation and becomes
condensed vapor. Condensed vapor is formed from droplets so that when the air temperature is higher,
it makes the droplets gather, condensed and formed into clouds. The presence of winds helps clouds
move and gather in other places that have lower temperatures. At that time, the droplets become
heavier and unstoppable and cause the droplets to fall so that there is rain.
If the droplets drop in an area with very cold temperatures, the droplets will drop as snow.
However, not all rain reaches the surface. Some evaporates while falling through dry air. This is called
Virga, a phenomenon which is often seen in hot, dry desert regions.
Characteristics:
 Using Simple Present Tense
 Using Action Verbs. (E.g.) experiences and drop.
 Using Passive Voices. (E.g.) “Condensed vapor is formed from droplets so that when the air temperature is higher…”
 Using Noun Phrases. (E.g.) Earth’s water surface.
 Using Technical Terms. (E.g.) evaporate, condensation and Virga.
 Giving explanation about the occurrence of rain

Generic Structure:
 General Statement (paragraph 1)
General information about rain
 Sequence of Explanation (paragraph 2)
Sequence event
 Closing (paragraph 3)
Additional information (E.g.) the droplets will drop as snow. However, not all rain reaches the surface. Some evaporates
while falling through dry air. This is called Virga
 Butterfly Metamorphosis
To grow into an adult, butterflies go through 4 stages: egg, larvae, pupa and adult.
Depending on the type of butterfly, the life cycle of a butterfly may take anywhere from one
month to a whole year.
A butterfly starts life as a very small, round, oval or cylindrical egg. The egg hatches
and the young one called larvae or caterpillar comes out of the egg. The caterpillar first feeds
on the egg shell from which it is born. It then starts feeding on the leaves and starts to grow.
Its exoskeleton (skin) does not stretch or grow, so it grows by “molting” (shedding the
outgrown skin) several times while it grows. As soon as a caterpillar is done growing and it
has reached its full length/weight, it forms itself into a pupa, also known as a chrysalis.
The pupa remains motionless in the chrysalis. In the chrysalis, the pupa undergoes a
series of changes. After about 15 days, a beautiful adult butterfly emerges out of the
chrysalis. When the butterfly comes out, it’s wings are small and wet, then the butterfly
pumps fluids into them to make them strong and to expand. After a few hours, the wings
become strong enough and the butterfly is able to fly.
 Action Verb (5)
 Technical Terms (3) if any
 Passive Voice (3) if any
 Present Simple Tense (5)
 Generic Structure
 How Do Strawberry Plants Reproduce?

Do you like Strawberry? Strawberries are part of the Roseacea family. It is a very large family
which includes: cherries, raspberries, peaches, apples, plums, prunes, almonds, and, of course, roses. They
are not berries, because their seeds are on the outside. Do you know how strawberry plant reproduce?
Strawberry plants reproduce in two ways; sexually and asexually. Sexual reproduction involves the
flowers and pollination. When a flower cluster appears on the plant, nectar will attract the insects. They
collect the pollen and fly around to other plants and pollinate them.
Strawberry plants can self-pollinate and also pollinate other strawberry plants. How big the
strawberry gets depends on how many pistils get fertilized. Then when the seeds and ovaries grow, the
flowers fall off, and strawberry ripens.
When birds eat the strawberries, they can deposit the seeds far away from the plant. With a little
sun and moisture, a new plant will grow.
 How do Seasons Happen?
Seasons come to us regularly. We have probably noticed that it gets warmer in summer or dry
season while it get colder in the winter or wet season. However do we know how these seasons change?

Season happen and change every year. This happens because the Earth tilts back and forth as it
goes around the Sun. During the summer, the Earth tilts toward the sun. it makes half of the Earth hotter.
This condition is what we call summer. During the other half of the year, the Earth tilts away from the Sun.
As a result, it makes that half of the Earth cooler. This cool condition is then what we call winter.

The different parts of the world have the same season at different times. In the northern half of the
world, winter happens during the months of December, January, and February. The regions are such North
America and Europe. In the other land, the southern half of the world have winter during the months of
June, July, and August. The regions are like South America and Australia. How does this difference
happen? The same season happens at different times because the top and bottom halves of the Earth tilt
away from the Sun at different times.
Seasons happen due to the influence of the ….
a. sun
b. moon
c. earth
d. air
e. wind
The Earth becomes cooler because….
a. the Earth is in the cooling state
b. the Earth tilts away from the sun
c. the Earth tilts towards the sun
d. there are many snow on earth
e. the Earth is entering the winter session
December, January, and February indicate the happening of …. season in north.
a. dry
b. rain
c. spring
d. autumn
e. winter
There are parts region that have the different season. It is caused by….
a. the different rate of Earth tilting
b. the Sun exposure
c. the rate of air
d. the wind speed
e. the constellation
Key Answer:
1. A
2. B
3. E
4. A