Health and safety in engineering

Content and application of key legislation

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Introduction

Give an understanding of the content and application of key legislation

to include the following:

 The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974

 Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations
 The Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations
 The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations
 The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations
 The Personal Protective Equipment at Work (PPE) Regulations
 The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations
 The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations
 The Manual Handling Operations Regulations
 First Aid at Work Regulations.
The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974

 Primary legislative Act of Parliament

 Covers Occupational health and safety in Great Britain
 Sets out following duties which:

 Employers have towards employees and members of the public

 Employees’ have to themselves and others
 Certain self-employed have towards themselves and others

 Allows government to issue regulations, guidance and approved code

of practice for employers
 HSE set up by HSWA with powers of enforcement and penalties for
non compliance.
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH)
Regulations

• States general requirement for employers to protect employees from

hazardous substances
• Duties of employer include:

• Conducting risk assessments

• Control exposure
• Health surveillance
• Incident planning
The Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations

 Minimum requirements for provision of safety signs at work

 Standardises signs throughout Europe
 Chemical and labelling of packages (CLP)
Prohibition signs

 A sign prohibiting behaviour to

increase the cause of danger
 Round in shape
 Black pictogram on white
background, red edging and
diagonal line, red part to take up
at least 35% of the sign.
Prohibition signs

No access for No Smoking Do not

unauthorised extinguish
personnel with water

Not drinkable No access for

industrial
vehicles
Warning signs

 A sign giving warning of a

hazard or danger
 Triangular in shape
 Black pictogram on yellow
background, black edging ,
Yellow part to take up at least
50% of the sign.
Warning signs

Explosive Radioactive Overhead

material material load

Danger Laser beam

electric shock
Mandatory signs

 A sign prescribing specific

behaviour
 Round in shape
 White pictogram on blue
background, blue part to take up
at least 50% of the sign.
Mandatory signs

Eye Respiratory Ear protection

protection equipment must be worn
must be worn must be worn

Pedestrians Safety
must use this harness must
route be worn
Emergency escape and first aid signs

 A sign giving information on

emergency exits, first aid and
rescue facilities
 Rectangular or square in shape
 White pictogram on green
background, green part to take
up at least 50% of the sign.
Emergency escape and first-aid signs

Emergency Emergency Emergency

stop button assembly shower
point

Emergency
Exit
Firefighting signs

 A sign giving information and

location of firefighting
equipment
 Rectangular or square in shape
 White pictogram on red
background, red part to take up
at least 50% of the sign.
Firefighting equipment signs

Fire Fire
Fire alarm
extinguisher telephone
Chemical and labelling of packages (CLP) signs

 A sign giving the properties of

the substance within
 Diamond in shape
 White background with red
edging and black pictogram
Chemical and labelling of packaging (CLP) signs

Explosive Flammable Oxidising

Corrosive Hazardous to
the
environment
Obstacles, dangerous locations and traffic routes
Acoustic signals and illuminated signs
The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulation

Places duties on companies who own, operate or have control of work

equipment

 Requires equipment provided at work is:

 Suitable for the intended use

 Safe for use
 Used by competent person
 Suitable H&S measures such as protective devices
 Used with specific requirements
 Some subject to other legislation such as LOLER and PPE.
The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment)
Regulations

Employers must protect workers from health risk from display screen
equipment (DSE)
 Applies to workers who use DSE for more than one hour or more at a
time
 Law applies if users are:

 At a fixed work station

 Mobile workers
 Home workers
 Hot-desking
The Health and Safety
(Display Screen
Equipment)
Regulations
Employers must:

Carry out a DSE risk assessment

Reduce risks
Provide eye tests
Provide training
Design workstation and work
environments.
The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment)
Regulations

 Work station assessment:

 Whole workstation
 Job
 Special requirements
 Where there are risks steps taken

 When to carry out an assessment:

 New workstation
 New user
 Changes to current workstation
 User complains of pain or discomfort.
The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment)
Regulations

 Work routine and breaks

 Eyes and eyesight test
 Prolonged use cannot cause damage but can cause the following problems:

 Tired eyes
 Discomfort
 Temporary short sightedness
 Headaches

 Helped by:
 Screen position
 Lighting conditions
 Regular breaks
 Assess to reduce risks
The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment)
Regulations

 Training and information:

 Good posture
 Adjusting furniture
 Arranging desk space
 Adjusting screens and
lighting
 Breaks
 Risk assessment
 How to report problems.
The Personal Protective Equipment at Work (PPE)
Regulations

Employers duties concerning

provision of PPE at work. Even
though control measures are in
place some might remain:

 Lungs
 Head and feet
 Eyes
 Skin
 Body.
The Personal Protective Equipment at Work (PPE)
Regulations

Requirements for use

 It is your responsibility to:

 Only use as last resort

 Provided by employer free of
charge
 Select equipment carefully
for job.
The Personal Protective Equipment at Work (PPE)
Regulations

You should ask following

questions when selecting and use
PPE:

 Who is exposed
 How long
 How much.
The Personal Protective Equipment at Work (PPE)
Regulations

Maintenance

 Use correct replacement parts

 Keep replacement PPE available
 Who is responsible
 Supply of protective clothing
 Report any loss or damage
 Regular checks
 Safety signs as reminder
 Notes on changes in equipment.
The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulation

Organisations have a legal duty to put

in place arrangements to manage
health and safety in the workplace.

 Key to effectively managing H&S:

 Leadership and management

 Trained and skill workforce
 Operating in an environment
where people are trusted and
involved.
The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulation

Minimum legal requirements for

processes and procedures

 Written H&S policy

 Risk assessments
 Arrangements for effective
planning, control and monitoring
 Access to competent H&S advice
 Instruction and training
 Adequate appropriate supervision
 Consulting employees’ about their
risk at work.
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations

Stipulates general requirements for accommodation standards for

nearly all workplaces

 Does not apply to:

 Stability and solidity
 Electrical instillations
 Emergency routes and exits
 Fire detection and fire fighting
 Thermal insulation
 First aid rooms and equipment.
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations

The regulations impose

requirements for:

 Maintenance of premises  Protection from falling objects

 Ventilation  Pedestrian routes
 Reasonable temperature  Material or guarding of windows
 Lighting  Window opening
 Cleanliness  Escalators
 Room dimensions  Sanitary convenience
 Ability to clean windows  Washing facilities
 Construction of doors and gates  Drinking water
 Workstations  Storage facilities
 Condition of floor  Eating and rest facilities.
The Manual Handling Operations Regulations