EDUC 203

LEADERSHIP
AND
SUPERVISORY
BEHAVIOR
Presentation by Group 4
LEADING
is a central function of
managing in any
organization that involves
influencing the behavior
of other people.
THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP
• TRAIT OR GREAT MAN THEORY
• ENVIRONMENTAL THEORY
• BEHAVIORAL THEORY
• SITUATIONAL OR CONTINGENCY
THEORY
• THE THEORY OF SHARED LEADERSHIP
 TRAIT OR GREAT
MAN THEORY
- leadership ability is innate or inborn
- this theory suggests that leadership is determined by certain individual personality
traits, social traits and significant physical characteristics
- this theory follows the cliché “Like father, like son.” However, this theory fell in
popularity after a study of world leaders showed that many of them were far from being
tall or good-looking. Nor did they have characteristics taken after their family members.
ENVIRONMENTAL THEORY
• while the trait theory states that leadership traits are
inborn, the environmental concept states that leadership
skills are acquired
• even if an individual were not born into a family of
leaders or may not possess the physical attributes of a
leader, the proper environment is a strong force that
spots, identifies, supports and develops leadership
potential
• a person is trained and developed as a leader through
seminars, travel, actual immersion in leadership roles
like being assigned or elected head of an organization
 BEHAVIORAL THEORY
DEMOCRATIC OR
DICTATORIAL LEADER AUTHORITARIAN LEADER
PARTICIPATIVE LEADER

• one with absolute authority and • one who claims covenant sourced • one who involves subordinates in

utilizes threats and punishments to from authority to exact obedience considering organizational matters
induce compliance giving them guidance in their
work problems and goal
achievement
FREE-REIN LEADER

• one who offers information to the

members but shows little
involvement and participation in
group activities
 STYLES OF LEADER BEHAVIOR THAT EFFECT
INCREASED WORK GROUP PERFORMANCE
AND SATISFACTION
JOB-CENTERED OR TASK ORIENTED LEADERSHIP
STYLE
which emphasizes “the use of rules, procedures and close
supervision of subordinates”
EMPLOYEE-CENTERED OR RELATIONSHIP-
ORIENTED STYLE
which emphasizes “delegation of authority and
responsibility, concern for employee welfare, needs,
advancement and personal growth
SITUATIONAL OR
CONTINGENCY THEORY

- the situation calls for the emergence of a

leader

examples: during an accident or calamity time, a

leader emerges to handle the critical situation
THEORY OF SHARED
LEADERSHIP
responsibility for the success of the group rests upon all the
members, not only upon the designated leader

no ideal leader exists. The important ingredient is the

followers who know their abilities, talents, skills and to
develop them maximally. No one man can run a big group,
an organization, a country.

- A good leader is one who can develop a management

constellation to help him or her and thus “multiply executive
power through a realistic allocation of functions and
responsibilities”
 TYPES OF LEADERSHIP
ROLES WHEN WORKING IN
SMALL GROUPS
1. role to accomplish the task or attain the goal
2. role to develop members’ feelings to maintain
the strength of the group
 TASKS OF A LEADER IN
TERMS OF ROLE TO
ACCOMPLISH THE TASK
1. initiates action
2. keeps the members’ attention on a goal
3. clarifies issues
4. helps the group develop a procedural plan
5. evaluates the work done
6. makes expert information available
 TASKS OF A LEADER IN TERMS OF ROLE
TO DEVELOP MEMBERS’ FEELINGS TO
MAINTAIN THE STRENGTH OF THE GROUP

1. keeps interpersonal relations pleasant

2. arbitrates excuse
3. provides encouragement
4. gives a chance to divert
5. stimulates self-direction
6. increases inter-dependence among members
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!
GROUP 4
CELERINO B.
ALMENDRAS JR.
JANEN JOY T. BANIEL
MILINE REICH O. CUDERA
REYNALD PANAL
MANGALI
CHILA MARIZ T. RAMOS