The gas diesel

engine

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/1/28

 Wärtsilä diesel engine program

MEDIUM & HIGH SPEED GAS ENGINES

W46GD ( 5430 - 17550 ) kW el.

W32GD

W34SG

W25SG

W175SG

W150SG

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000

kW (el.)

500 & 514 720 & 750 RPM 900 & 1000 RPM 1200 & 1500 & 1800 RPM

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/2/28

 Compressor types

COMPRESSOR TYPES
based on type

of operation

POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT TURBO

COMPRESSORS COMPRESSORS

ROTATING ALTERNATING CENTRIFUGAL MIXED FLOW AXIAL

- Blowers - Reciprocating
- Screw

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/3/28

 Reciprocating gas engine types

DIESEL ENGINES OTTO ENGINES

Gas Diesel Engines Gas Engines

Hot Body Pilot Fuel Spark Pilot fuel

Ignition Ignition Ignition Ignition

With pre burn With open

chamber chamber

W32GD & W46GD W25SG & W34SG W150SG & W175SG

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/4/28

 Gas Engine Types

GAS OTTO
ENGINES

Engines with stochiometric combustion

Lean-burn engines

Engines with open combustion chamber

Engines with precombustion chamber

Dual-fuel engines

GAS-DIESEL
ENGINES

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/5/28

 Gas Fuel Quality

LOWER HEAT VALUE MIN. 30 MJ/Nm

GAS SUPPLY PRESSURE TO ENGINE MAX. 350 bar
GAS PRESSURE FLUCTUATIONS 5 bar
GAS TEMPERATURE BEFORE ENGINE MAX. 50 C
METHANE (CH ) MIN.  vol-%
60
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO ) MAX. 1 vol-%
CHLORINES + FLUORINES MAX. o
50 vol ppm
HYDROGEN SULPHIDE (H S) MAX. 500 vol ppm
OTHER SULPHIDES OR MERCAPTANS MAX. 50 vol ppm
WATER (H O) MAX. 100 vol ppm
PARTICLES OR SOLIDS SIZE MAX. 10

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/6/28

 Automatic Gas Shut Down Is Initiated At:

 LOW SEAL OIL PRESSURE

 GAS LEAKAGE (GAS DETECTOR IN ANNULAR SPACE)
 OVER PRESSURE IN ANNULAR SPACE
 VENTILATION FAN FOR ANNULAR SPACE NOT WORKING
 LOW DIESEL FUEL SUPPLY PRESSURE
 HIGH EXHAUST TEMP.
 HIGH EXHAUST TEMP DEVIATION
 HIGH TURBO CHARGER SPEED
 LOW GAS PRESSURE

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/7/28

 Wärtsilä 34SG Technical Data

Unit 720 750

rpm rpm

BSEC kJ/kWh 8275 8315

Efficiency, % 43.5 43.3
shaft g/kWh 1.4 1.4
NO mg/m at 5% O 500 500
NOx 2.0 2.0
CO g/kWh
3 730 730
x N 2
CO mg/m at 5% O

3
N 2

At standard reference conditions, LHV and tolerances ± 0%

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/8/28

 WÄRTSILÄ 34SG
TBO AND SERVICE LIFE TIME OF MAIN
COMPONENT COMPONENTS
TBO (h) SERVICE LIFE TIME (h)
PISTON 20,000 100,000
PISTON RINGS 20,000 20,000
CYLINDER LINER 20,000 100,000
INLET VALVE 10,000 20,000
EXHAUST VALVE 10,000 20,000
MAIN BEARING 20,000 40,000
BIG END BEARING 20,000 20,000
MAIN GAS ADMISSION VALVE 10,000 10,000
PRECHAMBER GAS ADMISSION VALVE 10,000 10,000
PRECHAMBER 10,000 10,000
PRECHAMBER CHECK VALVE 1000 10,000
IGNITION COIL 20,000 20,000
SPARK PLUG 1,000 1,000
SPARK PLUG EXTENDER 1,000 5,000
OXYGEN PROBE 2,000 100,000
WASTEGATE VALVE 5,000 100,000

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/9/28

 WÄRTSILÄ 34SG
TBO AND SERVICE LIFE TIME OF MAIN
COMPONENT COMPONENTS
TBO (h) SERVICE LIFE TIME (h)

PISTON 20,000 100,000

PISTON RINGS 20,000 20,000
CYLINDER LINER 20,000 100,000
INLET VALVE 10,000 20,000
EXHAUST VALVE 10,000 20,000
MAIN BEARING 20,000 40,000
BIG END BEARING 20,000 20,000
MAIN GAS ADMISSION VALVE 10,000 10,000
PRECHAMBER GAS ADMISSION VALVE 10,000 10,000
PRECHAMBER 10,000 10,000
PRECHAMBER CHECK VALVE 1000 10,000
IGNITION COIL 20,000 20,000
SPARK PLUG 1,000 1,000
OXYGEN PROBE 2,000 100,000

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/10/28

 Possible generating station schematic

Heat at = 100 °C
Combustion
Turbo air
Fuel Flue gas
Gas or cleaning
Oil Hot exhaust
charger Exhaust
100 °C

Heat at = 100 °C

Heat at = 100 °C
Engine

Heat available
for
heating/cooling

Generators

District
Chiller cooling

Electricity
distribution District
heating

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/11/28

 Heat balances

Electricity 45 %
Fuel
WINTER (Gas or
oil)
100 %
Heat 45 %

Losses 10 %

Electricity 45 %

Fuel
SUMMER (Gas or
oil) Heat
Heat for
100 % Heating
and
Chilling
40 - 45 % Chilled water

Losses 10 %

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/12/28

 Thermal efficiency of gas engines as function of
EFFICIENCY %
load
50

45 GAS DIESEL

40

LEAN BURN
35

GAS TURBINE
30

25

20 STEAM TURBINE

15

10

0 20 40 60 80 100 LOAD %
WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/13/28
 WÄRTSILÄ GAS DIESEL FUEL
SHARING DIAGRAM

100

80

60

FUEL INPUT %

40
GAS
20
HFO

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 3%
ENGINE LOAD %

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/14/28

 Working range for different types of
compresors
6
10
Reciprocating compressors

Rotating compressors
5
10
Centrifugal compressors

Axial compressors
4
10
p/kPa

3
10

2
10

10

2 3 4 5 6
10 10 10 10 10 10 V/m3/h

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/15/28

 Gas diesel working principle

EX
WÄRTSILÄ 32GD / 46GD
EX EX

AIR COMPRESSION INJECTION OF GAS AND

INTAKE OF AIR PILOT FUEL, IGNITION

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/16/28

 GAS DIESEL CHARACTERISTICS

 high thermal efficiency

 insensitive to fuel quality
 instant switch over to back-up fuel
 short start-up time and quick load response

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/17/28

 W46 GAS INJECTOR
AND DOUBLE NEEDLE NOZZLE

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/18/28

 CONVENTIONAL GAS ENGINE
WORKING PRINCIPLE
* Gas injection outside

the combustion space.

EX IN

* Ignition by pilot fuel

or spark.

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/19/28

 Conventional duel fuel engine working
principle

EX IN EX IN EX IN

AIR AND GAS COMPRESSION INJECTION OF PILOT FUEL

INTAKE OF GAS/AIR MIXTURE IGNITION

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/20/28

 Direct gas injection

WÄRTSILÄ 32GD / 46GD

MAIN COMPONENTS

QUICK CLOSING SOLENOID

VALVE VALVE

INJECTION
PUMP

INJECTION
VALVE

ELECTRONIC
CONTROL UNIT

HIGH PRESSURE
OIL PUMP

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/21/28

 GAS DIESEL - MAIN COMPONENTS
FUEL INJECTION
CONTROL
ELECTRONIC
SPEED
GOVERNOR

QUICK CLOSING
VALVE
DOUBLE WALLED GAS
PIPE
SOLENOID
VALVE
DUAL FUEL INJECTION
VALVE

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/22/28

 QUICK CLOSING
VALVE

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/23/28

 CONTROL & SAFETY SYSTEM LAYOUT
CONTROL MEASUREMENTS

COMPRESSOR START/STOP GAS PRESSURE

SEAL OIL PUMP START/STOP
MAIN GAS VALVE CONTROL
SLOW FILLING VALVE CONTROL
VENT VALVE CONTROL
SEAL OIL PRESSURE
TURBOCHARGER SPEED
EXHAUST GAS TEMP.
HYDROCARBON LEAK ALARM
ANNULAR SPACE OVERPRESSURE
VENTILATION FAN OPERATING

EFIC
EFIC

DRIVER

ALARM PANEL

GAS SHUTDOWN
ENGINE SHUTDOWN
GAS/SEAL OIL PRESS. LOW
DIESEL PRESS. LOW
HYDROCARBON LEAKAGE OPERATOR PANEL
EXH. GAS TEMP. HIGH/DEV.
VENTILATION FAILURE START/STOP
SENSOR FAILURE GAS/DIESEL MODE
ERV SYSTEM FAILURE SPEED RAISE/LOWER
KW REFERENCE
AUTOMATIC/MANUAL LOADING
EMERG. SHUTDOWN

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/24/28

 GAS FUEL SYSTEM
VENTILATION FAN
FOR DOUBLE WALL GAS PIPE

FROM GAS
PIPELINE

350 BAR

GAS DELIVERY COMPRESSOR VALVE ENGINE

UNI
SYSTEM SYSTEM ROOM
T

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/25/28

 Gas fuel system

WÄRTSILÄ 32GD / 46GD

NEXT NEXT
COMPRESSOR ENGINE

N2-gas

GAS DELIVERY COMPRESSING HIGH PRESSURE GAS

SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/26/28

 Electronic control of gas injection

WÄRTSILÄ 32GD / 46GD

FUEL INJECTION
CONTROL

SOLENOID VALVE
RETURN OIL
ELECTRONIC SPEED
GOVERNOR SUPPLY OIL 370 BAR

CONTROL OIL

SEAL OIL
QUICK CLOSING VALVE

WNSFI-S/1b017d-1/ TIA/ 9805/27/28