Smart Grid Demonstration Project - Dynamic Line Rating (DLR)

Smart Grid Demonstration
Project – Dynamic Line Rating

(DLR)
June 25, 2010
Justin Johnson
ERCOT
Reliability Operations
Subcommittee Meeting
Oncor Electric Delivery Company LLC

Tension Based Dynamic Rating
Technology
Oncor Electric Delivery Company LLC

Dynamic Line Rating
Transmission Line Ratings are governed by:
 Current flowing in the conductor
 Conductor size and resistance
 Ambient weather conditions:
– Temperature
– Wind speed and direction
– Solar radiation
Oncor Electric Delivery Company LLC Justin Johnson ERCOT ROS Presentation 06/25/2010 3
How Weather Conditions Affect Ratings (Illustrative Only)
Ambient Temperature:
– 2oC fluctuation  +/- 2% capacity,
– 10oC drop in ambient  + 11% capacity
Solar Radiation:
– Cloud shadowing  +/- a few percent,
– Total eclipse  + 18% capacity
Wind increase 1 m/sec:

– 45° angle  ~ 18% capacity
– 90° angle  ~ 23%capacity
What to Monitor?
Suspension Suspension Suspension
Dead-end Dead-end
Tension increases in spans cooled by wind,

and decreases in spans not cooled by wind…..
Tension Monitoring - Dynamic Line Rating
Suspension Suspension Suspension
Dead-end Dead-end
Tension Equalizes
Suspension insulator strings swing to equalize horizontal conductor tension

Monitoring the conductor’s tension solves the problem of varying winds and exposure along the
transmission line.
A conductor’s tension is directly related to the average temperature of all the spans in the line section.
That temperature is directly correlated to the conductor sag and clearances.
Dynamic Line Rating Concepts
(Illustrative Only)
 Know true line capacity in real time
 Improve system reliability
 Optimize grid utilization
De
sig
n
I so
Dynamic Line Rating
th
er
m
Impact On Transmission Grid Operations
Example Of Safely Managed Contingency
Dynamic
Rating
Static
Rating
Actual
Load
Line was operating within limits in accordance with operating standards
Without DLR, this event must be reported as a violation
The operator would have been forced to move the grid off its optimum dispatch
LOCATION OF INSTRUMENTED CIRCUITS
Study Area in Critical Congestion Zone

 45 Loadcell Tension Monitoring Units
 8 Master Locations Feeding into
SCADA
DLR Smart Grid Demonstration
Project Goal: Increase available capacity on a known

congested and constrained transmission path and remove
existing commercial constraints to implementing DLR
technology
Existing Commercial Constraints Include:

• Clear Demonstration that DLR Technology is Reliable
• Utility Planners Understand the Cost Structure and Benefits
• Interoperability with Utility Transmission Management
Systems
PROJECT OBJECTIVES
Operational Objectives
 Relieve congestion and transmission
constraints
 Gain operational knowledge of DLRs for
wide scale deployment
 Ensure that safety code clearances are not
impacted
 Demonstrate that multiple monitoring units
can be integrated into operations
 Identify/quantify other operational limits that
may impact ability to raise ratings
PROJECT OBJECTIVES
Demonstration Objectives
 Extrapolate the impact of DLRs
on the study’s transfer path to
entire ERCOT region
 Determine a methodology to
release day-ahead ratings
 Develop user friendly tools for
the operator to manage
improved WASA
PROJECT OBJECTIVES
Economic Objectives
 Quantify economic value of
released transmission capacity to
market
 Estimate the savings associated
with deferral of rebuilding,
reconductoring, or building new
circuits
 Quantify the total costs of
implementing this type of DLR
Integrated Dynamic Line Rating Systems
• Tension-based Dynamic
Line Rating System for
overhead transmission
lines
• Tension resolves all
environmental factors
for accurate results
• Best way to capture
spatial variability of
wind, sun, air
temperature
• Captures as built, as
aged condition of line
• Communicates with
utility’s Energy
Management System
Real Time Rating - Loadcell Monitors Tension
Solid stainless steel construction.

Sized to match maximum tension
Real Time Rating – Communications Package
Reads conductor tension, net

radiation temperature,
ambient temperature
Communicates with substation

via spread spectrum radio
Solar powered
Integrated Dynamic Line Rating Systems
CAT-1TM Remote Monitors
Transmission Line
License free
Spread Spectrum Radio
CATMasterTM
Base Station Substation
Existing SCADA protocol
over substation RTU channel
(RS232/485)
Control Center
IntelliCATTM
for Windows
ICCP or MODBUS protocol
CAT-1™ and line load data from EMS

Line capacity and temperature to EMS
SCADA/EMS Master Operator’s ’Console
MAJOR PARTICIPANTS
• Oncor
 Purchase DLR equipment and manage project
• The Valley Group, a Nexans company
 Provide DLR equipment
• Siemens Energy, Inc.
 Integrate DLR technology into Oncor’s TMS system
• Chapman Construction Company
 Install equipment on designated circuits
• Southwest Research Institute
 Perform independent analysis
PROJECT TIMELINE
2010 2011 2012 2013

Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4
Design/Initial
Procurement
Project Studies
Initial Device
Installation
Fine-tune Initial
Device Output
Terminal Upgrades
Reporting (Quarterly
to DOE)
Remaining Device
Installation
Final Report
Submitted to DOE
Summary
• Target Completion is 2nd Quarter 2013
• Provides two years of summer peak data
• Will provide a “roadmap” for other utilities to follow - study will be
public
• Success Factors include increasing transmission capacity and
removing existing commercial constraints to DLR technology
• All eight circuits should be instrumented by end of this year

Smart Grid Demonstration Project - Dynamic Line Rating (DLR)

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Smart Grid Demonstration

Project – Dynamic Line Rating

Oncor Electric Delivery Company LLC

Oncor Electric Delivery Company LLC

Transmission Line Ratings are governed by:

 Current flowing in the conductor

 Conductor size and resistance

 Ambient weather conditions:

– Wind speed and direction

Wind increase 1 m/sec:

Suspension Suspension Suspension

Tension increases in spans cooled by wind,

Suspension Suspension Suspension

Suspension insulator strings swing to equalize horizontal conductor tension

Line was operating within limits in accordance with operating standards

Without DLR, this event must be reported as a violation

Study Area in Critical Congestion Zone

Project Goal: Increase available capacity on a known

Existing Commercial Constraints Include:

Solid stainless steel construction.

Reads conductor tension, net

Communicates with substation

CAT-1TM Remote Monitors

CAT-1™ and line load data from EMS

SCADA/EMS Master Operator’s ’Console

2010 2011 2012 2013

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