21 Century

st

Literature in the
Philippines and
the World
Review
What it is Dramatic Situation?
Dramatic Situation is the combination of setting, characters,
and action in a poem that is supposed to engage the reader.

What is persona?
Persona is the speaker or teller of the poem.
 What do you remember about
this event and how did you
feel knowing that there was a
storm coming?
 How do you feel seeing the
devastation in the photograph?
 Can we really prepare enough
for these calamities? Why or
why not
Specific Learning Objectives:
Match the meaning of the underline word in in
column A with its meaning in column B.
A B
______1.
C Rescue workers a. darkness or thick mist
managed to pull two injured that makes it difficult to
people
B out of the rubble. see.
______2. We had to shout to be b. a loud, confused noise,
heard
D
over the tumult. especially one caused by
______3. He lifted the latch and a large mass of people.
opened the gate. c. waste or rough fragments
E
______4. Because Eileen is an ill- of stone, brick, concrete,
tempered crone, most people etc., especially as the
A her at work.
avoid debris from the
______5. Through the murk there demolition of buildings.
was a faint glimmer of light. d. a metal bar with a catch
and lever used for
Let’s READ!
Rubble - waste or rough fragments of stone, brick,
concrete, etc., especially as the debris from the
demolition of buildings.
Tumult - a loud, confused noise, especially one caused by
a large mass of people.
latch - a metal bar with a catch and lever used for
fastening a door or gate.
Crone - an unpleasant or ugly old woman
murk - darkness or thick mist that makes it difficult to
see.
Merlie M. Alunan
She is one of the more influential and
respected writers in the Visayas region. As one
who experienced Typhoon Haiyan firsthand in
Tacloban City, Leyte, where she is professor
emeritus at the University of the Philippines
Visayas, when wrote extensively about the “
chaos and terror” and the challenges of
recovering from the calamity during the early
days of devastation. People followed through
online news her travails with her family rising
up from the storm, she released online the
poem “ The Haiyan Dead,” which was
subsequently translated into different Filipino
languages.
Let’s READ
the POEM!
Select a leader,
Steps secretary
in doing and reporter.
a Group Activity:
Work silently and cooperate with the group.

Minimize the noise.

Do not roam around.

Group Activity
Group 1
In the perspective of the persona, what were each of the Haiyan dead doing? To
plot the dramatic situation in poem, chart the persons/individuals mentioned by
the persona and the verbs or actions attributed to them and as in a map, connect
them with the phrase “The Haiyan Dead” in the middle of the box.

Group 2
What were the images of devastation dramatized in the poem? Write the lines that described the
locality after the storm.

Group 3
List the lines from the poem with figures of speech. Then identify what figure of
speech it is.
Rubrics
Score Range:
4 - Advanced - Exceeds
expectations
3 - Competent - Meets
expectations
2 - Progressing - Does not
fully meet expectations
1 - Beginning - Does not
meet expectations
 Group
Presentation
Let’s analyze!
How many lines are there in the poem?
- 30 lines

What is the poem all about?

- The poem is about the personal
experience of the author during the
super typhoon Haiyan.

Who do you think is the persona in the

poem?
- The author is the persona in the poem
or the teller.
There were clear references to
what the dead were doing in
what was left of their town
after the typhoon. What do
these suggest about the
persona’s attitude towards the
event?

- The persona’s attitude towards

the event is that the victims who
perished during the storm are
zombie-like.
How do you relate this with the
persona’s attitude towards the
devastation?

The persona’s attitude towards the

devastation is to share her
experience and to tell everyone
how people in Tacloban suffer from
the typhoon Haiyan. She also wants
to make sure that the person who
will read her poem will have an idea
on how the people survive from the
devastation happened.
The Haiyan dead, in the
memorializing of the persona,
seems unable to have peace as
they “do not sleep” and keep on
“looking” for certain people,
objects, or places in the town. The victims of the typhoon
How do you relate the two
main actions of the Haiyan
Haiyan cannot sleep because
dead? of the destruction it caused in
their town. They seem to look
for their loss member of the
family and hoping that they
survived in the tragedy, also
they seem to find for objects
that they can still use that will
help them to start a new life.
Thinking of the poem in terms of
its metaphor, what was being
suggested by the persona’s way
of perceiving the devastation?
How is the event of the calamity
related to the calling out of the
Haiyan dead?
The poem describes the Haiyan Dead
as not sleeping and walking among us
endlessly sleepless. The persona’s way
of perceiving the devastation suggests
that some of the people were not
being laid to rest properly and some
of them never found after the severe
storm surge. It also speaks of how the
persona want to make sure that this
event will be remembered so it can be
avoided in the future.
How can we avoid this kind
of calamities in the future?
How can we lessen the
devastating effects of
typhoons and other natural
calamities?
We cannot avoid this kind of
calamities because it is a natural
phenomenon. However, we could
lessen the devastating effects of
this calamities by working
together in fighting with climate
change and global warming. In
addition to, we could also prepare
in advance and evacuate early if
there is a storm signal.
What figures of
speech can you find
in the poem?

- Personification
- simile
- metaphor
What are the lines in the poem
that uses figures of speech?

Personification
“in a tumult of water that melted their bodies”
“before wind lifted sea and smashed it on land”
“a prayer they had raised that sea had swallowed”

Simile
“ they are looking for .. the women who made them crawl like puppies to
their breasts babes they held in arms”

Metaphor
“ the youth they once were the bride with flowers”
What is the function of the figures
of speech and other poetic devices
in the poem?

- It makes the meaning of the

poem deeper and leaves the
reader with a sense of wonder.
It also brings life to the words
used by the writer. It adds
flavor to the writing and makes
it so much more enjoyable for
the reader.
Group Activity!
Group 1. Write a short poem about storm
using different figures of speech.

Group 2. Perform a short drama presentation showing

what you can do to lessen the effect of global warming.

Group 3. Draw a picture of the devastating effect

of the storm and explain it using figures of speech.
We can compare the storm in
the poem that we have
discussed to the problems that
we have encountered in our
life. As a student, what are the
storms that you already
experience? How did you
handle it? Who are the persons
that were there to help you for
you to survive in that kind of
storm?
What is figure of
speech?
Figure of speech is a form of
expression (such as a simile
or metaphor) used to convey
meaning or heighten effect
often by comparing or
identifying one thing with
another that has a meaning
or connotation familiar to the
reader or listener
What is Simile, metaphor and
personification?

Simile: A comparison Metaphor: An implied Personification: A figure

using "like" or "as" comparison between of speech in which an
between two unlike two unlike things that inanimate object or
things that have certain have something in quality is given human
qualities in common common, qualities or abilities.
How the figures
of speech and Figures of speech and other poetic devices
other poetic shows the writer's intent but also his purpose in
using such language. It adds flavor to the writing
devices affect the and makes it so much more enjoyable for the
reader.
development of
meaning in the
poem?
Look for at least 5 lines from
the poem that uses figures of
speech and identify what
figure of speech it is. Write
your answer in the ¼ sheet of
paper. ( 2 points per number)

Example :
A poem is magical - Metaphor
 “First, A Poem Must Be Magical”
by Jose Garcia Villa (The Philippines)

First, a poem must be magical,

Then musical as a sea-gull.
It must be a brightness moving
And hold secret a bird’s flowering.
It must be slender as a bell,
And it must hold fire as well.
It must have the wisdom of bows
And it must kneel like a rose.
It must be able to hear
The luminance of dove and deer.
It must be able to hide
What it seeks, like a bride.
And overall I would like to hover
God, smiling from the poem’s cover.
Let’s Check!
1. It must kneel like a rose. - simile
2. It is musical as a seagull. – simile
3. It must be slender as a bell – simile
4. And it must hold fire as well. –
personification
5. It must be able to hear – personification
6. it must be able to hide – personification
7. What it seeks, like a bride – simile
Write a short poem
using different
figures of speech.