“ EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION

OF TREATMENT OF DOMESTIC
WASTEWATER USING GARBAGE
ENZYME”
PRESENTED BY-
POORVA KAVATHEKAR
1 RASHMI ASHTEKAR
VEDANJALI BHARMAL
VAISHNAVI JADHAV

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF-

DR.AKSHAY THORVAT SIR
2
INTRODUCTION
 Garbage Enzyme is an organic solution produced by the simple
fermentation of fresh fruit waste, brown sugar (jaggery) and
water .
 The function of garbage enzyme is to resolve transform and
catalyzes the reaction.
 Garbage enzyme operates at high and low contaminant
concentration Operation over long range of pH, temperature,
salinity absence of shock loading effects.
 Reduction in sludge volume (no biomass is generated).
 Goal is to achieve maximum efficiency in using the lowest
costs, time.
 Additives may be added into wastewater treatment systems, so
that specific pollutants can be degraded to a higher degree
within a shorter time. Additives available as biological and
chemical additives.
3
Raw Materials:
1. Vegetable and fruit dreg that
mainly contain tomato, pineapple,
lemon, orange all dregs taken in
equal
quantity.
2. Bagasse collected from sugarcane
processing industry.
3. Eicchornia collected from
Rankala Lake in Kolhapur city.
4. Jaggery.
5. Distilled water
4 LITERATURE REVIEW
SR.NO AUTHOR
1 Tang,& Tong,(2011)
2 Nazim & Meera,(2013)
3 ARUN & Sivashanmugam ,(2015)
SUMMARY
• They studied garbage enzyme in wastewater treatment.
•Higher dilutions resulted in increased acidity, showing effectiveness in removing ammonia nitrogen and
phosphorus.
•Elevated BOD levels were observed due to high organic content, making it unsuitable for BOD removal.
•A 10% dilution normalized pH, but the most economical and effective dilution for ammonia nitrogen and
phosphorus removal was 9%.
•A 9% garbage enzyme solution could be favorable for addressing specific pollutants in wastewater treatment.
•They discussed garbage enzyme as a fermentation product of kitchen waste, sugar, and water.
•Garbage enzyme is emerging as an effective method for treating greywater.
•A 10% garbage enzyme solution was found effective in greywater treatment.
•The solution completely removed ammonia nitrogen and phosphates.
•TDS, BOD, and COD values decreased to 430 mg/l, 70.5 mg/l, and 216 mg/l, respectively.
•The pH increased to 6.84.
•Further tests are needed to understand the removal mechanisms of garbage enzyme in greywater treatment.
• They evaluated the enzyme activity and disinfectant potential of garbage enzyme.
•The study focused on its impact on total solids, suspended solids, and pathogens in dairy waste activated
sludge.
•Garbage enzyme demonstrated protease, amylase, and lipase activity.
•It reduced total solids by 37.2%, suspended solids by 38.6%, and pathogens by 99% in dairy waste activated
sludge.
•The findings provide valuable insights for researchers comparing the effectiveness of environmentally
friendly garbage enzyme.
5 LITERATURE REVIEW
SR.NO AUTHOR
4 Nazim, and Meera, (2017)
5 Rasit, and Mohamamad, (2018)
6 Bhavani etal (2019)
SUMMARY
• They discussed garbage enzyme as a fermentation product of kitchen waste, sugar, and water.Citrus
enzyme, derived from citrus fruit peels, sugar, and water, was also highlighted.
• Both enzymes are emerging as effective methods for treating greywater.A comparative study 60 days
after filtration showed that a 10% garbage enzyme solution was more effective in treating synthetic
greywater.The results suggest the potential reuse of the treated water for irrigation purposes.
• They focused on treating aquaculture sludge from shrimp farming, known for high organic content and
pollutants. Anaerobic digestion is commonly used but has limitations, so pre-treatment is necessary.
• Bio-catalytic enzyme (garbage enzyme) from fruit and vegetable waste fermentation was studied for
sludge stability.
• Pineapple, mango, orange, and tomato garbage enzymes were produced and characterized with lipase,
amylase, and protease activities.Individual pre-treatment of these enzymes showed enhanced removal of
TSS, VSS, COD, and TAN in aquaculture sludge.
• Pineapple garbage enzyme exhibited significant TSS and VSS reduction, while orange garbage enzyme
showed higher COD and TAN removal.Fruit and vegetable waste-derived enzymes have potential for
efficient pre-treatment of aquaculture sludge, reducing the risk of inhibition before anaerobic digestion.
• They investigated the impact of bio-enzymes on freshwater bodies for domestic and agricultural
purposes.
• Bio-enzymes are organic compounds produced by fermenting fresh vegetable/fruit waste with water and
brown sugar/jaggery.
• The study, part of the "Mana Ooru Mana Neeru" initiative, focused on ponds around Bhimavaram.
• The bio-enzyme had a pH of 3.5 and, when applied to pond water, resulted in significant changes in DO,
BOD, and COD values.
• The treated water bodies exhibited cleanliness, eliminated foul smells, and achieved permissible BOD
and COD levels.
• The research highlights the potential of bio-enzymes for improving water quality in freshwater bodies.
6 LITERATURE REVIEW
SR.NO AUTHOR SUMMARY

7 Susmitha Sambaraju , V. Sree
Lakshmi(2020)
• They studied garbage enzyme characteristics for treating synthetic dairy
wastewater.
• A 10% enzyme solution was mixed with synthetic wastewater at different pH
levels (4.0, 6.5).
• Over 5 days, the percentage reduction of TSS was observed, showing 22%
reduction at pH 4.0 and 26% at pH 6.5.
• The results indicated the effectiveness of garbage enzyme in reducing TSS in
synthetic dairy wastewater.
• Further examinations are recommended to determine the optimum enzyme dosage
and assess its efficiency in reducing BOD, COD, SCOD, and TVS.

8 ASHISH JOSEPh ET al(2021)
• They evaluated the bio-catalytic enzyme activity of garbage enzyme solution.
• The optimum concentration for efficient wastewater treatment was determined to
be 10%.
• At this concentration, the garbage enzyme solution exhibited higher percentage
removal of parameters such as TSS, TDS, Oil and Grease, BOD, COD, and
Chloride.
• Bio-catalytic characterization techniques revealed the presence of protease,
amylase, and lipase in the enzyme.
• The study highlights the effectiveness of 10% garbage enzyme solution in treating
wastewater and identifies key enzymatic components.
7 GAP ANALYSIS
1. There are bio enzymes available commercially in market
which can be used as cleaners. But there are no garbage
enzymes available which can be used for treatment of
domestic wastewater.
2. The garbage enzyme prepared in previous studies were only
by using fruit waste. There are no studies which focus on
various other sources which can be used for the preparation
of garbage enzymes.
3. The studies which are reported previously have focused only
on the removal of ammonia, nitrogen and phosphorous. But
no study was reported previously which focuses on removal
of BOD, COD and using garbage enzyme.
4. There is a need of addressing the evaluation of bio-catalytic
enzyme activity of the solution.
8 PROPOSED OBJECTIVES
 To develop garbage enzyme solution, a value-added product from the vegetable waste and
fruit biomass.
 To determine characteristics of the garbage enzyme such as pH, TDS, TSS, COD etc.
 To investigate the potential of treatment of wastewater samples collected with various
concentrations of garbage enzyme (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%).
 To evaluate Bio-catalytic enzyme activity of the solution
9 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
Garbage Enzyme Production and Characterization:
Procedure:
1. Three parts of wastes combined with 1 part of jaggery, 10 parts of water in air tight containers will
be used. e.g. For preparing 6 L of garbage enzyme, 1.8 kg of vegetable and fruit biomass will be
fermented jointly with 1 kg jaggery and 6 L of distilled water.
2. Biomaterial derived from the plant Eicchornia examined for the absorption of heavy metals. It has
been observed that in root, steam and leaves, Pd, Mn, Fe, Cu, Co, Cd ions get absorbed. In this
study root,stem and leaves samples will be used as biomass for preparing enzyme.
3. Bagasse is a by product available from sugarcane industry. It is diversified fibrous surplus that
remains after sugarcane juice extraction. Peroxidase enzyme is isolated from sugarcane. The
treatment with peroxidase enzyme leads to the lowering of total solids and BOD. Because of this it
is used for preparing the bagasse enzyme.
4. As per the procedure given by Rosukon, (2006), water used for preparing enzyme must be chlorine
free. Thus distilled water is used in enzyme preparation and jaggery is used without any chemical.
5. These ingredients will be added with the ratio of 1:3:10.
10 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
Working Procedure for Treatment of Wastewater:
1. Entrapment method for immobilization of garbage enzyme will be used for treatment of
wastewater.
2. 10 ml of partially purified (Ammonium Sulphate Purification) enzyme will be immobilised
by using gel entrapment method. 4% of Sodium Alginate gel will be used for beads
formation in 10 ml of partially purified enzyme.
3. This mixture will be added drop wise in chilled Calcium Chloride solution by using
sterilized syringe.
4. Batch test will be carried out in four conical flasks which will be filled with 100 ml
wastewater.
5. Sodium Alginate beads will be added in the three flasks.
6. After 5 days the beads will be separated and the solution in centrifuged for 10 min at 10000
rpm and used to determine the parameters pH, COD, BOD, Phosphate and Ammonia
Nitrogen.
11 EXPECTED OUTCOMES
 The present research aimed at finding out low cost method of treatment of domestic wastewater
using garbage enzyme.
 The experimental investigation will help to understand the material which can produce garbage
enzyme at low cost and will treat the domestic wastewater to remove BOD, COD with high
efficiency.
 The study will focus on the operating conditions required to be maintained to get maximum
efficiency in removing BOD and COD.
 The study will also provide detailed cost analysis for the treatment.
 12 RESEARCH ACTIVITY SCHEDULE(2023-24)

SR NO. ACTIVITY DESCRICPTION AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FE MAR APRIL
B
1 DETAILED STUDY OF LITERATURE ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
2 TOPIC SELECTION & PREPARATION OF ✔ ✔
SYNOPSIS
3 PREPARING GARBAGE ENZYME ✔ ✔ ✔
4 DETERMINE PROPERTIES OF DOMESTIC ✔ ✔ ✔
WASTEWATER
5 DETERMINE PROPERTIES OF GARBAGE ENZYME ✔ ✔
6 INVESTIGATE THE TREATMENT OF DOMESTIC ✔ ✔
WASTEWATER BY USING GARBAGE ENZYME
7 PREPARATION OF DISSERTATION REPORT ✔ ✔
13 REFERENCES
1. Arun, C., & Sivashanmugam, P. 2015. Investigation of biocatalytic potential of garbage enzyme and its influence on
stabilization of industrial waste activated sludge. Process Safety and Environmental. Protection, 94, 471-48.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2014.10.008
2. Bhavani et al., 2019 Effect of bio enzyme in the treatment of fresh water bodies International Journal of recent
technology and engineering vol-8issue-IS3,ISSN:2277-3878
3. Fazna Nazim., Dr. Meera,V..March 2017 Comparison of Treatment of Greywater Using Garbage and Citrus Enzymes
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology
4. Nazim,F., Meera, V., 2013 Treatment of synthetic greywater using 5% and 10% garbage enzyme solution. Bofring. Int. J.
Ind. Eng. Manage. Sic. 3(4). 111-117.
5. Rasit,N., and Mohamamad,F.S.2018 Production and characterization of bio catalytic enzyme produced from
fermentation of fruit and vegetable wastes and its influence on aquaculture sludge International Journal of Science and
Technology.4(2)12-26.
6. Tang, F., and Tong, C.W.(2011) A study of the garbage enzyme’s effects in domestic wastewater. Int. J. Environ, Chem,
Ecol, Geol and Geop and Eng, 5, 888-892.
7. Ashish Joseph et al (2021) DOMESTIC WASTEWATER TREATMENT USING GARBAGE ENZYME
8. Susmitha Sambaraju , V. Sree Lakshmi(2020) Eco-friendly treatment of dairy wastewater using garbage enzyme
14

THANK YOU…