Chapter 7

Physical Laws of
Motion

Grade 11 – Physical Science

Final – Second Semester
 Learning Competencies
1.) Compare and contrast the Aristotelian and Galilean concepts of vertical, horizontal
and projectile motions.
2.) Explain how Galileo inferred that objects in vacuum fall with uniform acceleration
and that force is not necessary to sustain horizontal motion.
3.) Describe how the displacement-time and velocity-time graphs of constant velocity
motion are different from those constant acceleration motion.
4.) Recognize the difference between the everyday usage and the physics usage of the
term acceleration.
5.) Explain each of Newton’s three laws of motion.
6.) State the distinction between Newton’s first law of motion and Galileo’s assertion
that force is not necessary to sustain horizontal motion.
7.) Use the law of conservation of momentum to solve one-dimensional collision
problems.
Aristotelian Versus Galilean Views of Motion
Summary of Aristotle’s Theory of Motion
Believed that Earth is consist of the primordial elements such as fire, air, water
and earth and the fifth element – ether.

His ideas of motion is as follows:

1.) Earth objects / materials falls towards the center of the earth as it seeks its
natural place.
2.) Heavy objects fall faster than the light one with relation to its weight and a
proportional speed.
3.) Objects falls faster in air than water with relation to the resisting force
proportional to its speed and medium (air or water).
4.) Objects can be moved away from their natural places called Violent Motion,
that causes motive force.
5.) There is NO MOTION without FORCE. The speed (v) of an object is
proportional to the motive force (F) and inversely proportional to the resistance
(R) of the medium:
6.) Formula is :
v __F__
R
Speed and Velocity

Which is which?
Speed or Velocity

Speed or Velocity
Question: Which is Scalar and Vector here?
Scalar Quantity No Direction
but Magnitude
only

With Direction
Vector Quantity and Magnitude
 Motion takes place when an
When does motion occur? object changes its position
Example: The blue car has moved 88 m in 4 s. What
is the speed?

Speed can be measured using the

formula:

speed (v) = distance traveled (d)

time of travel (t)
Position 1 Position 2

Distance traveled = 88 m
Time of travel = 4 s

Solution:
v = 88 m = 22 m/s
4s
Formula :