Determination of

Density of Common
Liquids and Liquid
Viscosity
ACTIVITY NO. 1-A
 BACKGROUND
The density, , of an object is defined as the ratio of its
mass to its volume. Density can be useful in identifying
substances. It is also a convenient property because it
provides a link (or conversion factor) between the mass
and the volume of a substance.
 Density Mass
- An intensive (or intrinsic) property, is - Measured on weighing scales.
a kind of heaviness factor.
- Density reflects how much mass is
packed into a given three-
dimensional space.

Volume
- Is an amount of space, in three
dimensions , that a sample of matter
occupies.
- The number and the phase of the
molecules in the sample primarily
determine the volume of a substance.
 OBJECTIVE/S
To determine the density of common liquids such as water,
vegetable oil, and glycerin (or any similar liquid).
 APPARATUS
1 • SET OF TRANSPARENT CONTAINERS OF HOMOGENEOUS
SECTIONS
4 • DISHWASHING LIQUID

2 • MEASURING SCALE

5 • SWEETENER

3 • WEIGHING SCALE

6 • COOKING OIL
PROCEDURE 1
Determine the mass of the
container using the weighing
scale
PROCEDURE 2
Pour some liquid into the
container
 PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE
4 PROCEDURE
3
the level of
Measure
the liquid and Weigh the container 5
calculate its volume with the liquid
Solve the density of
the liquid by
computation
 PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE
7
6
The abov procedure
e Repeat the
comprises the first set procedures above and
of determining the consider it as the
density of liquid second set and third
sets for other liquids
The above procedure
comprises the first set
of determining the
density of liquid
OBSERVATION & COMPUTATION
Set 1 Set 2 Set 3

Type of Liquid Dish Washing Liquid Sweetener Cooking Oil

Mass of Empty Container (g) 108 102 106

Mass of Container with Liquid

202 230 190
(g)

Mass of Liquid (g) 94 128 84

Volume of Liquid
100 mL 100 mL 100 mL
(ml or cu.cm.)

Density, (kg/cu.m.)
RESULT
 Density vs Mass of Liquid
1.4

1.2
1.28

0.94
0.8
Density

0.84
0.6

0.4

0.2

0
80.000 90.000 100.000 110.000 120.000 130.000 140.000

Mass of Liquid
 Density vs Volume of Liquid
1.4

1.2
1.28

0.8
0.94
Density
0.84
0.6

0.4

0.2

0
80.000 100.000 120.000 140.000 160.000 180.000 200.000

Volume of Liquid
 CONCLUSION
Sweetener has a density of 1280 kg/m3, dishwashing
liquid is 940 kg/m3, and cooking oil is 840 kg/m3. The most
dense liquid is the sweetener, which sits at the bottom of the
graduated cylinder, followed by dishwashing liquid in the
middle and cooking oil at the top. The cooking oil did not
penetrate the dishwashing liquid because of its low density, but
the sweetener did because of its higher density. Based on the
experiment, we conclude that the mass-density relationship is
directly proportional. The density of an object increases with its
mass. In contrast, volume and density are inversely
proportionate. However, because we have constant volume, it
does not appear on our graph.
Liquid Viscosity by
Method of Falling
Sphere

ACTIVITY NO. 1-B

 BACKGROUND
This method of determining viscosity was based on Stroke’s law on velocity.
It consists of a long vertical container which is filled with the liquid whose
viscosity is to be determined.

Small Spherical ball of plastic or stone of known density is released and

allowed to fall vertically through the liquid. The ball will at first accelerate
as it falls from air. When the sphere touches the liquid the resistance to its
motion increase with the velocity. The velocity will become constant when
the draft force is equal to the resistance force.
 BACKGROUND
The formula of viscosity of liquid using the falling sphere and Strokes Law is as
follows:

where:

is the distance of fall of sphere

time of fall
is the submerged unit weight of sphere
is the unit weight of water
is the diameter of the sphere
 OBJECTIVE/S
To determine the Viscosity of a Liquid by Falling Sphere
method
 APPARATUS
• LIQUID
• SPHERICAL BALL
• STOP WATCH
• METER STICK
• CALIPER
• ANALYTIC BALANCE
• TRANSPARENT PLASTIC
CYLINDER OF HOMOGENEOUS
SECTION
PROCEDURE 1
Determine the unit weight of the
spehere
 PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE
Measure3
the distance
PROCEDURE
Determin2 e the unit of fall of sphere ball
ht of fluid by the
weig Drop the 4
sphere ball
procedure as with the initial
discussed in position of the ball
Experiment No. 1 just near the liquid
surface
 PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE
Mark the point where 6
Simultane ously set PROCEDURE
5 beco
the velocity of the the time on as that
ball starts to me
uniform. This will be
with procedure 4 7 off when
Set the time
the ball reached the
the initial point of bottom of the
measurement of cylinder
distance
PROCEDURE
8
Measure the distance
dropped from the
initial marked point
to the final position
of the ball
OBSERVATION & COMPUTATION
OBSERVATION & COMPUTATION
OBSERVATION & COMPUTATION
SOLUTIONS

6
6
5
SOLUTIONS
SOLUTIONS

6
6
5
SOLUTIONS
SOLUTIONS
SOLUTIONS
RESULT
 CONCLUSION
The dishwashing liquid has a higher average viscosity than
the cooking oil and sweetener, making it more viscous
than the other two liquids. The results of the five trials
indicate that the ball's velocity and the fall's time interval
are indirectly related. The experiment's findings show that
a liquid's viscosity increases over slower times and
decreases over faster ones. Additionally, it demonstrates
that the liquid's viscosity rises with decreasing velocity.
Kinematic viscosity and viscosity are directly proportional
to each other. On the other hand, the relationship between
density and kinematic viscosity is inverse.
Thanks!