Right Triangles and

Pythagorean Theorem
 Math Prayer
Dear Lord,

We thank you for this day.

Add joy to our lives,

subtract our sorrows,

multiply our blessings,

and divide our love to be of service to others.

Amen.
 Exercise:
Choose the similarity statement for each of the following pairs of triangles.

∆ 𝑰𝑨𝑪 ∆ 𝑹𝑨𝑬

∆ 𝑰𝑪𝑨 ∆ 𝑹𝑨𝑬

∆ 𝑰𝑨𝑪 ∆ 𝑹𝑬𝑨

∆ 𝑪𝑰𝑨 ∆ 𝑹𝑨𝑬
 Exercise:
Choose the similarity statement for each of the following pairs of triangles.

∆ 𝑹𝒀𝑻 ∆ 𝑹𝑬𝑴

∆ 𝑹𝑻𝒀 ∆ 𝑹𝑬𝑴

∆ 𝑹𝑻𝒀 ∆ 𝑹𝑴𝑬

∆ 𝑻𝒀𝑹 ∆ 𝑴𝑬𝑹
 Exercise:
Choose the similarity statement for each of the following pairs of triangles.

∆ 𝑻𝑶𝑳 ∆ 𝑫𝑲𝑨

∆ 𝑻𝑳𝑶 ∆ 𝑫𝑨𝑲

∆ 𝑻𝑶𝑳 ∆ 𝑲𝑫𝑨

∆ 𝑻𝑶𝑳 ∆ 𝑫𝑨𝑲
 Exercise:
Choose the similarity statement for each of the following pairs of triangles.

∆ 𝑭𝑰𝑹 𝑭𝑮𝑼

∆ 𝑭𝑰𝑹 𝑭𝑼𝑮

∆ 𝑭𝑹𝑰 𝑭𝑮𝑼

∆ 𝑹𝑰𝑭 𝑭𝑮𝑼
 Exercise:
Choose the similarity statement for each of the following pairs of triangles.

∆ 𝑸𝑼𝑶 ∆ 𝑺𝑬𝑼

∆ 𝑸𝑶𝑼 ∆ 𝑺𝑼𝑬

∆ 𝑸𝑼𝑶 ∆ 𝑺𝑼𝑬

∆ 𝑶𝑸𝑼 ∆ 𝑬𝑼𝑺
 Theorem 3.20(SAS Similarity Theorem)

If an angle of a triangle is congruent to an angle of another

triangle and the lengths of the sides including these angles are in
a proportion, then the triangles are similar.

∠ 𝐴 ≅∠ 𝑋

∆ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 ∆ 𝑋𝑌𝑍
 Theorem 3.21( SSS Similarity Theorem)

If the lengths of the corresponding sides of two triangles are in a

proportion, then the two triangles are similar.

and

𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
= =
𝑋𝑌 𝑌𝑍 𝑋𝑍

∆ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 ∆ 𝑋𝑌𝑍
 Identify if the following pairs of triangles are similar. If
so, indicate the theorem or postulate used.

Similar by SAS Similarity Theorem Similar by SSS Similarity Theorem

Two angles of one triangle measure 35 and 65, while the other triangles has
two angles that measures 65 and 80.
Similar by AA Similarity Postulate
Theorem 3.22
If a line parallel to one side of a triangle intersects the other two
sides, then it divides the two sides proportionally.

If then .
 Theorem 3.23

If a line divides two sides of a triangle proportionally, then

it is parallel to the third side of the triangle.

Parallel lines with transversals give

segments whose lengths are
proportional.

Transversals mean intersecting system

of lines.
Theorem 3.24

If three parallel lines have two transversals, then they

divide the transversals proportionally.
If and cut by transversal and then .

The bisector of an angle of a triangle

also gives segments whose lengths are
proportional.
Theorem 3.25
If a ray bisects an angle of a triangle, then it divides the opposite side into
segments whose lengths are proportional to the lengths of the other two sides.

If then .
Theorem 3.26

In a right triangle, the altitude drawn to the hypotenuse form two right triangles
that are similar to the original triangle and to each other.

∆ 𝐴𝐻𝐵 ∆ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 ∆ 𝐵𝐻𝐶

𝑐 𝑎 𝑏1 + 𝑏2
= =
𝑏 h 𝑐
Theorem 3.27

If an altitude is drawn to the hypotenuse of a right triangle, then each leg of the
right triangle is the geometric mean between the lengths of the entire hypotenuse
and the part of the hypotenuse adjacent to the leg.

In , and are the means. 𝑏1 h 𝑐

= =
h 𝑏2 𝑎
If the means are equal as in , Take the proportion .

then is the geometric mean between a and b.

 Exercise:
Choose the similarity statement for each of the following pairs of triangles.

∆ 𝑰𝑨𝑪 ∆ 𝑹𝑨𝑬

∆ 𝑰𝑪𝑨 ∆ 𝑹𝑨𝑬

∆ 𝑰𝑨𝑪 ∆ 𝑹𝑬𝑨

∆ 𝑪𝑰𝑨 ∆ 𝑹𝑨𝑬
 Exercise:
Choose the similarity statement for each of the following pairs of triangles.

∆ 𝑹𝒀𝑻 ∆ 𝑹𝑬𝑴

∆ 𝑹𝑻𝒀 ∆ 𝑹𝑬𝑴

∆ 𝑹𝑻𝒀 ∆ 𝑹𝑴𝑬

∆ 𝑻𝒀𝑹 ∆ 𝑴𝑬𝑹
 Exercise:
Choose the similarity statement for each of the following pairs of triangles.

∆ 𝑻𝑶𝑳 ∆ 𝑫𝑲𝑨

∆ 𝑻𝑳𝑶 ∆ 𝑫𝑨𝑲

∆ 𝑻𝑶𝑳 ∆ 𝑲𝑫𝑨

∆ 𝑻𝑶𝑳 ∆ 𝑫𝑨𝑲
 Exercise:
Choose the similarity statement for each of the following pairs of triangles.

∆ 𝑭𝑰𝑹 𝑭𝑮𝑼

∆ 𝑭𝑰𝑹 𝑭𝑼𝑮

∆ 𝑭𝑹𝑰 𝑭𝑮𝑼

∆ 𝑹𝑰𝑭 𝑭𝑮𝑼
 Illustrative Examples

c 45 If then .
x w a
15
z d
y b 5x+1
x+3

𝑥 𝑤 𝑎 𝑐
¿ 𝑏 ¿ 𝑑 15 45
𝑦 𝑧
𝑥 +3 ¿ 5 𝑥 +1
2𝑥 ¿8
𝑥¿ 4
1 5(5 𝑥+ 1) ¿ 4 5( 𝑥 +3)
l
c t g
15(5 𝑥+ 1)
e d 15 ¿ 45 ( 𝑥+
15
3)
u o
𝑥+ 3 ¿7
5 𝑥+1 ¿ 3 ( 𝑥+3)
𝑐 𝑡 𝑔 𝑙 5 𝑥+1¿ 21
𝑢 ¿ 𝑒 𝑜 ¿ 𝑑 5 𝑥+1 ¿ 3 𝑥+ 9
5 𝑥 −3 𝑥¿ 9 − 1
 Illustrative Examples: Theorem 3.24

X T D G
a a
Y U E H
b b If and cut by transversal and
Z V F I then .
c c
s t s t
𝑋𝑌 𝑇𝑈 𝐷𝐸 𝐺𝐻
= =
𝑌𝑍 𝑈𝑉 𝐸𝐹 𝐻𝐼
J M S B
G L a
a a
N A O
b K O U b
b
L O D Y
D V c
c c
s s t
t s t
𝐽𝐾 𝑀𝑁 𝑆𝐴 𝐵𝑂
=
𝐺𝑂 𝐿𝑈 =
𝐾𝐿 𝑁𝑂 = 𝐴𝐷 𝑂𝑌
𝑂𝐷 𝑈𝑉
Illustrative Examples:

12 15 24
h 9 h 12 h 18
h h h
h h h

h h h

h h h
Illustrative Example:
a 14 36
=
𝑥 −4 2 𝑥−4
b 36
22 1 4 ( 2 𝑥 − 4 )=36( 𝑥 − 4 )

d e 14 14( 2 𝑥 − 4 ) 36 ( 𝑥 − 4)
=
𝑏 𝑎 +𝑏 2 2
𝑒 ¿
𝑑 +𝑒 x x-4
7 ( 2 𝑥 − 4 )=18 (𝑥 − 4)
2x - 4
g
1 4 𝑥 −28=18 𝑥 −72
o 1 4 𝑥 −18 𝑥=−72+28
𝑥 =11
𝑥 − 4=7 − 4 𝑥 =− 44
l d
𝑜 𝑔+ 𝑜 𝑥 =11
𝑑 ¿
𝑙+ 𝑑
 Right, Obtuse and Acute Triangles

c a c
a c a

b b
b
Right Triangle Obtuse triangle Acute Triangle
c2 = a2 + b2 c2 > a2 + b2 c2 < a2 + b2
 Determine if the following set of numbers form an acute angle, right angle, or obtuse angle.

1) 3 5 9 2) 6 8 9 3) 3 4 5 4) 5 7 8

c2 __ a2 + b2 c2 __ a2 + b2 c2 __ a2 + b2 c2 __ a2 + b2

92 __ 32 + 52 92 __ 62 + 82 52 __ 32 + 42 82 __ 52 + 72

81 __ 9 + 25 81 __ 36 + 64 25 __ 9 + 16 64 __ 25 + 49

81 __ 34 81 __ 100 25 __ 25 64 __ 74

81 > 34 81 < 100 25 = 25 64 < 74

Obtuse Triangle Acute Triangle Right Triangle Acute Triangle

Right Triangle Obtuse triangle Acute Triangle

c2 = a2 + b2 c2 > a2 + b2 c2 < a2 + b2
Pointers for Review

1. Identify quadrilaterals that are parallelograms.

2. Determine the conditions that make a quadrilateral a parallelogram.

3. Use properties to find measures of angles, sides, and other quantities involving a parallelogram.

4. Prove theorems on the different kinds of the parallelogram (rectangle, rhombus, square)

5. Prove the Midline Theorem

6. Prove theorems on trapezoids and kites.

7. Solve problems involving parallelograms, trapezoids, and kites.

8. Apply the fundamental theorems of proportionality to solve problems involving proportions.

9. Describe a proportion

10. Illustrate the similarity of figures.

The screen of
the television is The shape of the
a quadrilateral frame and the
because it is a shape of the
polygon with picture inside
four sides. are similar
figures. They
have the same
shape,
congruent
corresponding
angles, and have
The pattern on equal scale
the pillow shows factors.
real-life
This picture
examples of
frame is a
vertical angles.
rectangle
Vertical angles
because it is
are a pair of
composed of two
opposite angles
pairs of parallel
formed by
sides and all its
intersecting
interior angles
lines.
are equal to 90
 Right, Obtuse and Acute Triangles

c a c
a c a

b b
b
Right Triangle Obtuse triangle Acute Triangle
c2 = a2 + b2 c2 > a2 + b2 c2 < a2 + b2
 Right Triangle and Pythagorean Theorem

c2 = 3 2 + 4 2
c2 = 6 2 + 8 2
c c
4 c= 8
c=
c=
c=
a c 3 6
c=
c=
c=
c = 10
b
c2 = 6 2 + 6 2 c2 = 72 + 102
Right Triangle c c
6 7
c= c=
c =a +b
2 2 2

c= c=
a =c -b
2 2 2 6 10
c= c=
b =c -a
2 2 2

c= c=
 Right Triangle and Pythagorean Theorem

a2 = 42 - 22
b2 = 62 - 52
4 6
a a= 5
b=
a=
b=
a c 2 b
a=
b=
a=
b = 3.317
b
a2 = 52 - 42 b2 = 112 - 72
Right Triangle 5 11
a 7
a= b=
c =a +b
2 2 2

a= b=
a =c -b
2 2 2 4 b
a= b=
b =c -a
2 2 2

a= b=
 SOH CAH TOA (For Right Triangles)

𝑎 𝑜 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Sin A =
𝑜
= Cos A = = Tan A = =¿
h h 𝑎 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛

B
B
𝑜 3
Sin A = h
¿
5
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 c
(longest side)
a 𝑎
3 5
Cos A = =
h

𝑜
Tan A = =
𝑎
C b A
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 C 4 A
 SOH CAH TOA (For Right Triangles)

𝑎 𝑜 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Sin A =
𝑜
= Cos A = = Tan A = =¿
h h 𝑎 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛

B
B
𝑜 8
Sin A = h
¿
10
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 c
(longest side)
a 𝑎
8 10
Cos A = =
h

𝑜
Tan A = =
𝑎
C b A
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 C 6 A
 SOH CAH TOA (For Right Triangles)

𝑎 𝑜 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Sin A =
𝑜
= Cos A = = Tan A = =¿
h h 𝑎 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛

B
B
𝑜 5
Sin A = ¿
h 5 √2
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 c
(longest side)
a 5 𝑎
5 Cos A = =
h
𝑜
Tan A = =
𝑎
C b A
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 C 5 A
 Trigonometric Ratio

B 𝑜
𝑜 𝑎
Sin A = h Cos A = h Tan A = 𝑎

h 𝑎
h
8.6 Csc A = 𝑜 Sec A = 𝑎 Cot A = 𝑜
7

A 7 5 7
C 5
Sin A = 8.6 Cos A = 8.6 Tan A = 5

8.6 8.6 5
Csc A = 7 Sec A = 5 Cot A = 7
 Trigonometric Ratio

B 𝑜
𝑜 𝑎
Sin A = h Cos A = h Tan A = 𝑎

h 𝑎
h
13.9 Csc A = 𝑜 Sec A = 𝑎 Cot A = 𝑜
5

13 A 5 13 5
C Tan A = 13
Sin A = 13.9 Cos A = 13.9

13.9 13.9 13
Csc A = 5 Sec A = 13 Cot A = 5
 Trigonometric Ratio

B 𝑜
𝑜 𝑎
Sin A = h Cos A = h Tan A = 𝑎

h 𝑎
h
27 Csc A = 𝑜 Sec A = 𝑎 Cot A = 𝑜
21

A 17 21
C 17 21
Sin A = Cos A = 27 Tan A = 17
27

27 27 17
Csc A = 21 Sec A = 17 Cot A = 21
 Trigonometric Ratio

B 𝑜
𝑜 𝑎
Sin A = h Cos A = h Tan A = 𝑎

h 𝑎
h
10 Csc A = 𝑜 Sec A = 𝑎 Cot A = 𝑜
6

A 8 6
C 8 6
Sin A = Cos A = 10 Tan A = 8
10

10 10 8
Csc A = 6 Sec A = 8 Cot A = 6
 Trigonometric Ratio

B 𝑜
𝑜 𝑎
Sin B = h Cos B = h Tan B = 𝑎

h 𝑎
h
8.6 Csc B = 𝑜 Sec B = 𝑎 Cot B = 𝑜
7

5 A 5 7 5
C Tan B =
Sin B = 8.6 Cos B = 8.6 7

8.6 8.6 7
Csc B = 5 Sec B = 7 Cot B = 5
 Trigonometric Ratio

B 𝑜
𝑜 𝑎
Sin B = h Cos B = h Tan B = 𝑎

h 𝑎
h
27 Csc B = 𝑜 Sec B = 𝑎 Cot B = 𝑜
21

A 21 17
C 17 17
Sin B = Cos B = 27 Tan B = 21
27

27 27 21
Csc B = 17 Sec B = 21 Cot B = 17
 Trigonometric Ratio

B 𝑜
𝑜 𝑎
Sin B = h Cos B = h Tan B = 𝑎

h 𝑎
h
10 Csc B = 𝑜 Sec B = 𝑎 Cot B = 𝑜
6

A 6 8
C 8 8
Sin B = Cos B = 10 Tan B = 6
10

10 10 6
Csc B = 8 Sec B = 6 Cot B = 8