Chapter 11: Media Analysis

Introduction

• A systematic and careful media selection decision is crucial to successful and

cost effective resolution of business problems

• Many types of media to be considered in making the appropriate selection

Types of Delivery Media

Media Description
• Instructor-led • presented by a teacher or facilitator
• a traditional classroom presentation
• lecture, discussion, demonstration, workshop,
etc

• Computer-based • Any form of delivery involving use of a computer

 computer-assisted instruction (CAI) which
also supports printed materials or instructor
 totally computer-based instruction (all
content is presented by computer)
Types of Delivery Media

Media Description
• Distance Broadcast • Instruction delivered over television, telephone,
or via satellite to distant/far-off locations
 Ex: video or audio teleconferencing and
interactive distance broadcasting

• Web-based • Use of the Internet or intranets to distribute

training over wide-area networks (WAN) or local-
area networks (LAN)

• Mobile application • Most commonly referred to as an app, is a type of

application software designed to run on a mobile
device, such as a smartphone or tablet computer.
Media Analysis Procedure

7 processes to perform a media analysis:

1. Rate each of the factors

2. Summarize findings
3. Place the resulting media in a hierarchy
4. Match media advantages and limitations
5. Compare results and decide on the media
6. Match media to the appropriate objectives
7. Document the results
Media Analysis Procedure (..cont)

1. Rate each of the factors

• All project team members, including SMEs, possibly customers, rate the
factors on the media Analysis Rating Form (Ass & Ana Section, Appx B)

• On scale of 1 to 5 regarding the importance to the issue

 (rating 5 meaning very important, 1 not important at all, 3 is neutral)
Media Analysis Procedure (..cont)

2. Summarize Findings
• Use media and summ sheet, Appx E) to calculate the results of the rating.
E.g. 4-5 rating is high, 1-2 is low, deduct the low from the high occurrences
for each and record the number

3. Place the resulting media in hierarchy

• Make a ranking list from highest to the lowest, the highest ranked are the
most likely possibilities for your solution
Media Analysis Procedure (..cont)

4. Match media Advantages and limitations

• Make the strengths and weaknesses of the media to business requirements

• Analyze the advantages & limitations of each type of medium

 (Depending on your location, size of the organization, internal & external
resources, your level of dev experience factors are differ)
 Table 11.2 : Advantages and limitations of media
Media Advantages
Instructor-led Allows social interaction
• Useful with variable-size
audiences
• Materials can be tailored to the
group
• Short development time
• Traditional method of teaching
that is comfortable for students
and instructors
Limitations
Scheduling may not meet the
needs of all who require the
information or instruction
• Not enough time to give
everyone feedback they may
need
•does not account for individual
rates and styles of learning
• Relies heavily on instructor
knowledge
• Inconsistent delivery, may
stressed/deemphasized,
causing gaps in learning
• Only limited numbers can
participate at one time
 Table 11.2 : Advantages and limitations of media (..cont)
Media Advantages
Computer-based • Consistent delivery
• Accommodates individual time
schedules
• Learner-controlled pace
• High degree of interactivity and
involvement by the learner
• Adapts to learner performance
• Unlimited opportunity for review
Limitations
• May be too text based
•Expensive (number of design-team,
authoring platform hardware and
software, and cost of added media)
• Long design and dev. time (range
from 250 – 750 design and
development hours per hour of
delivered instruction), depending on
the complexity of the content. For a
first project, more time has to be
schedule
• Specialized computer skills of
programmers and authors are required
• Any poorly designed user interface
makes navigation difficult
 Table 11.2 : Advantages and limitations of media (…cont)
Media Advantages
Distance • Surpass geographical boundaries
broadcast • High level of interaction and
immediate feedback to questions
in spite of distance
• Reduced travel for participants
and instructors (cost)
• Incorporates a variety of media
• Two way video permits
instructor to see participants and
participants to see each other
Limitations
• Large time-zone differences
require some participants to
view at inappropriate times
• May rely on a “talking head”
with little or no interaction,
which becomes boring;
participants lose interest
• Special training of instructor to
handle technology, or large staff
to handle broadcast equipment
• Much preparation by instructor
is needed to coordinate
technology
• One-way video does not allow
students and instructor to see
each other
 Table 11.2 : Advantages and limitations of media (…cont)
Media Advantages
Web-based • Includes chat rooms,
participants and instructor can
have dialogue or interactive, real-
time, collaborative discussions
• Includes electronic mailboxes,
where participants can pose
questions to instructor or
participants
• Includes reference and data-
storage capabilities
• sharing of files and data
• incorporate audio, video, and
graphics
• Material is easily updated
Limitations
• Much preparation by instructor to
coordinate and plan course
elements
• Requires specialized design skills
of programmers and authors
• Security, testing, and feedback
may be limited
• A poorly designed user interface
may be difficult to navigate (ex:
extensive menu layers) or
interfere with learning (too many
bells and whistles)
• Slow video compression and
decompression rates cause video
and audio to be out of
synchronization
 Table 11.2 : Advantages and limitations of media (…cont)
Media Advantages
Mobile • It's much faster. It takes a
application second to launch a Mobile App.
It can take up to several
minutes for a Mobile Web site
to load in an area with bad
reception.
• Allow push notifications for
any updates and promotion
• Always visible on your phone's
home screen
Limitations
• require the user to first
download and install the app
from an app marketplace before
the content or application can
be viewed.
• An app cannot be shared in a
simple link.
• small display screen and
overflow of data storage.
• When downloading applications,
users possibly have to allow the
publishers to track and analyze
their actions.
• Can make our mobile devices
 Table 11.3 : Cost Factors Associated with Media

Category Factors Consideration

Development- • Project leader • Hourly costs for team members
team resources • Instructional designer involved in development
activities
• Subject-matter expert
• Media specialists (audio
technician, video technician,
graphic designer, system designer,
etc)
• Programmer (author, interactive
designer, system engineer, etc)
• Publisher (editor, etc)
 Table 11.3 : Cost Factors Associated with Media (…cont)

Category Factors Consideration

Administrative • Manager • Hourly costs for administration
resources • Clerical of development activities

Production • Reproduction of videos or CD- • Production costs for developing

ROMs, Postproduction Narration, media
Studio rental, Video equipment
rental, Videotaping, Facilities
costs
Materials
• CD-ROMs, Software, Hardware • Materials cost
Media Analysis Procedure (..cont)

5. Compare results and decide on the media

• Compare the results of the media selection with the cost factors and decide
on the right media
Media Analysis Procedure (..cont)

6. Match media to the appropriate objectives

• Use the media/Objectives Mapping Tool (CD-ROM) to match objectives with
the most appropriate media

• Remember you can use more than 1 medium

Media Analysis Procedure (..cont)

7. Document the results

• Document the results by making a list of the final media choices
Exercise

Describe the 7 processes to perform a media analysis:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Chapter 12: Extant Data
Analysis
What is Extant Data Analysis?

• Determine if the solution, or parts of the solution, already exists (is extant or
present), which avoids unneeded development costs
• Can save your time and money
• Yield an added level of confidence
Extant Data Analysis Procedure

• 6 processes to conduct an extant data analysis:

1. Identify likely sources of information

2. Collect information and existing course materials
3. Compare information
4. Make a buy-or-build decision
5. Evaluate off-the-shelf solutions
6. Document the decision
Extant Data Analysis Procedure (..cont)

1. Identify likely sources of information

• Decide what you are looking for: is it an entire solution, or one or more
pieces of the solution? Make determination accordingly: 1. the size &
complexity of your solution 2. the amount of proprietary company material to
be included

2. Collect information and existing course Materials

• Use web search engines: -Bulletin board services (BBS), special-interest group
(SIGs) on the internet (provided u have an online account or access to one)

3. Compare information
• Evaluate the collected information, being aware of objectives, audience, and
business needs
Extant Data Analysis Procedure (..cont)

4. Make a Buy-or-Build Decision

• Decide whether in real meaning, to buy (make use) or build (develop a new
one)
• if the results shows that the off-the-shelf material is usable as is or can be
modified to meet the business need)
• develop materials if the results shows that an off-the-shelf product is not
appropriate for the solution

5. Evaluate the Off-the-shelf solutions

• evaluate for its quality and suitability

6. Document your Decision

• Listing the sources, rationale, and decisions reached during the analysis
Advices from the expert:
• No need to develop a solution that already exists or a course that can be purchased
to meet your particular business need

• Many sources of information available

(web resources, advertisements, vendors)

• The key to successful searches is organizing the search

• Take time to focus it by listing key wards or phrases, or asking specific questions

• Only collecting the most relevant information, and efficiently as possible

• Narrow your questions for the search

• Schedule and plan your analysis

Summary

• You now know what is available,

• What to include in your solution, and
• What the project team has to develop
• But don’t forget to note the costs of off-the-shelf materials to include
them in your cost analysis

• Read and get ready for cost analysis next week.. 

THANK YOU!