ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

RESISTOR
A resistor is a passive two-terminal
electrical component that implements
electrical resistance as a circuit element.
In electronic circuits, resistors are used
to reduce current flow, adjust signal
levels, to divide voltages, bias active
elements, and terminate transmission
lines, among other uses.
 CAPACITOR
 a device used
to store an
electric
charge,
consisting of
one or more
pairs of
conductors
separated by
an insulator.
 T R A N SIT O R

a semiconductor device
with three connections,
capable of amplification in
addition to rectification.
DIODE
A diode is a semiconductor
device that essentially acts
as a one-way switch for
current. It allows current to
flow easily in one direction,
but severely restricts
current from flowing in the
opposite direction.
 INTEGRATED
CIRCUIT
An integrated circuit (IC),
sometimes called a chip, microchip
or microelectronic circuit, is a
semiconductor wafer on
which thousands or millions of
tiny resistors, capacitors, diodes
and transistors are fabricated.
INDUCTOR
are thin wire or film-wrapped coils
on a core and are used for storing
energy. ( Shutterstock) An inductor is
one of the three passive circuit
elements used in electronics.
Transformers
A transformer is a device that
transfers electric energy from
one alternating-current circuit
to one or more other circuits,
either increasing (stepping up)
or reducing (stepping down)
the voltage.
 PASSIVE AND ACTIVE COMPONENTS
Active components such as transistors and silicon-controlled rectifiers
(SCRs) use electricity to control electricity. What are passive components?
Like resistors, transformers, and diodes don't need an external power source
to function. These components use some other property to control the
electrical signal.
Printed Circuit Board
 an electronic circuit consisting of thin strips of a conducting material such as copper,
which have been etched from a layer fixed to a flat insulating sheet called a printed
circuit board, and to which integrated circuits and other components are attached.
PCB is a electronic tool used
in every electronic devices
Schematic Diagram
SAMPLE PCB LAYOUT
 STEPS IN PCB ETCHING
Safety Precaution
1. Remove all jewelry when performing the activity.
2. Eating and Drinking is prohibited.
3. Avoid Horse playing
4. Be familiar with the tools and chemical to be used.
5. Do not perform the activity unless the instructor told
you to do so.
6. If accident happens, report immediately to the
instructor.
 1.Prepare the materials Needed, we will be using Masking
tape, cutter, Pentel Pen, PCB, Ferric Chloride Plastic Container.
2.Cover the PCB with Masking Tape.
3. Draw up the Layout
4. Carefully trace the design using cutter and
remove the excess Masking Tape.
5. Subject to Etching Process
the container to submerge the PCB. Usually the
Etching process takes 15-20 mins.
6. Rinse the PCB with water.
7. Remove the masking tape
with the design.
_______1. It is the backbone of electronic
devices.
_______2. An electronic component used to
reduce or opposes the flow current in a circuit.
_______3. It holds and provide insulation to the
electronic components
RESISTOR COLOR CODING
WHAT IS BREADBOARD?
• The name of the breadboard comes from the early days of
electronics when people would exactly drive screws into boards
on which they cut a board in order to place the components. A
breadboard is made with a plastic material in a rectangular shape
with a huge number of tiny holes. These holes let you simply
place an electronic component to build an electronic circuit that is
assembled with various components. The connections on the
breadboard are not stable, so it is very simple to remove a
component if you make a wrong connection. Breadboards are
very great for beginners who are new to electronics. By using
this, you can make different fun electronic projects.
 Steps to Building a Project on Breadboard Circuit

• A breadboard is used to design various

electrical and electronic projects in less time without soldering.
But in the field of electronics, there are many students or
beginners who are facing a lot of problems. Because they
cannot solder the components cleanly on
PCBs (printed circuit boards). The joint of one bad solder can
cause project damage. When the project doesn’t work properly,
they generally lose their confidence and stop to continue
designing projects.
Current breadboard circuits are designed with a plastic
material, and available in different sizes, shapes, and
colors. Generally, the most common sizes you will see
are mini size, half size, and full-size breadboard. Some
bread breadboards are designed with notches and tabs
on the sides of the board that let you snap several
boards composed. But, a single half-sized breadboard is
enough for numerous basic level projects.
• Thus, this is all about the various steps to building a project on
the breadboard circuit. We hope that you have got useful
information. Furthermore, any queries regarding this concept or
electronics projects, please give your feedback by commenting
in the comment section below. Here is a question or you, what
is the difference between active and passive components?