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ENGR! SALUDO PARA SA MGA
NAG-ENGINEERING
KAHIT MAHINA SA MATH
AT HINDI PARIN
SUMUSUKO
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NAKAKATALINO SA MATH
MATHEMATIC
OF
S
ANAL. GEOM. LESSON 3
ENGINEERING
CONIC SECTIONS - PARABOLA

ENGR. DONN PEDRO

PANGANIBAN
PARABOLA 𝑑1= 𝑓 1 𝑑2 = 𝑓 2 𝑑𝑛 = 𝑓 𝑛
Locus of a point that moves such STANDARD
that its distance from a fixed VERTEX at (h,k)
EQUATIONS:
point called the focus is always
equal to its distance from a fixed
OPENS UPWARD
2
line
𝑦 called the directrix. ( 𝑥 − h ) = 4 𝑎 ( 𝑦 −𝑘 )
𝐀𝐱𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐲 𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐥𝐚
OPENS DOWNWARD
2
𝑓 2
𝐅𝐨𝐜𝐮𝐬 𝑭 ( 𝑥 − h ) =− 4 𝑎 ( 𝑦 − 𝑘 )
OPENS TO THE RIGHT
𝑑2 2
𝑎 𝑓1 ( 𝑦 − 𝑘) = 4 𝑎 ( 𝑥 − h )
𝑎 𝑑1
𝐃𝐢𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐱 OPENS TO THE LEFT
𝑂 𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐱 𝑽 (𝐡 , 𝐤 ) 2
𝑥 ( 𝑦 − 𝑘) =− 4 𝑎 ( 𝑥 −h )
PARABOLA
Vertex () of a Parabola
- turning point of the parabola
Focal Length () of a Parabola
Locus of a point that moves such - distance from vertex to focus
that its distance from a fixed - distance from vertex to directrix
point called the focus is always Latus Rectum () of a Parabola
equal to its distance from a fixed - is equal to four times the focal length ()
line
𝑦 called the directrix. - a line segment parallel to the directrix which
𝐀𝐱𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐲 𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐥𝐚 passes through the focus; its ends are located
along the curve
𝐅𝐨𝐜𝐮𝐬 𝑭 Axis of Symmetry of a Parabola
𝑓 2
- a line perpendicular to the directrix that
divides the parabola into two symmetrical
𝑑2 parts
𝑎 𝑓1
𝑑1 – distance from any point along the
𝑎
𝐃𝐢𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐱 parabola to the focus
𝑂 𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐱 𝑽 (𝐡 , 𝐤 ) – distance from any point along the
𝑥 parabola to the directrix
PARABOLA
Locus of a point that moves such GENERAL EQUATION:
that its distance from a fixed OPENS UPWARD/DOWNWARD
point called the focus is always 2
equal to its distance from a fixed 𝐴 𝑥 + 𝐷𝑥+ 𝐸 𝑦 + 𝐹 =0
line
𝑦 called the directrix.
𝐀𝐱𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐲 𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐥𝐚 2
𝑥 + 𝐷𝑥+ 𝐸 𝑦 + 𝐹 =0
𝑓 2
𝐅𝐨𝐜𝐮𝐬 𝑭 OPENS TO THE RIGHT/LEFT
2
𝑑2 𝐶𝑦 + 𝐷𝑥+ 𝐸 𝑦 + 𝐹 =0
𝑎 𝑓1
𝑎 𝑑1 2
𝐃𝐢𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐱 𝑦 + 𝐷𝑥+ 𝐸 𝑦 + 𝐹 =0
𝑂 𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐱 𝑽 (𝐡 , 𝐤 )
𝑥
 PROPERTIES:
PARABOLA Vertex, Focus, and
Locus of a point that moves such The vertex of a parabola is the closest
that its distance from a fixed point along the parabola from the focus.
point called the focus is always is the least/shortest distance
equal to its distance from a fixed from the parabola to the focus.
line
𝑦 called the directrix. Eccentricity of a Parabola:
𝐀𝐱𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐲 𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐥𝐚
𝑓𝑛 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓 𝑛 =𝑑𝑛
𝑓 𝐅𝐨𝐜𝐮𝐬 𝑭 𝑒=
2 𝑑𝑛 𝑒=1
𝑑2 Squared Property of Parabola (SPP):
𝑎 𝑓1
𝑎 𝑑1
𝐃𝐢𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐱 𝑦1 𝑦2
𝑂 𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐱 𝑽 (𝐡 , 𝐤 ) =
𝑥
2 2
( 𝑥1 ) ( 𝑥2)
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 1
Given a parabola whose equation is , find the following:
a.) vertex
b.) focus
c.) equation of directrix
d.) length of latus rectum
e.) equation of axis of
symmetry
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 1
Given a parabola whose equation is , find the following:
a.) vertex(h
V ,𝑘)
Reduce to Standard (Apply completing the
Equation:
2
𝑥 + 2 𝑥 − 4 𝑦 +9=0 square)

𝑥 + 2 𝑥 +1 1
¿ ¿ 4 𝑦 − 9+ ¿ ¿
2

( 𝑥 + 1 )2= 4 𝑦 − 8
2
( 𝑥+ 1 ) = 4( 𝑦 −OPENS 2)
( 𝑥 − h )2=4 𝑎 ( 𝑦 −𝑘UPWARD
)
𝑉 (−1 , 2)
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 1
Given a parabola whose equation is , find the following:
b.) focus F
2
( 𝑥+ 1 ) = 4( 𝑦 −OPENS 2)
( 𝑥 − h )2=4 𝑎 ( 𝑦 −𝑘UPWARD
)
𝑉 (−1 , 2)
4 𝑎=4
𝑎=1
𝐹 (−1 , 3)
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 1
Given a parabola whose equation is , find the following:
c.) equation of directrix
2
( 𝑥+ 1 ) = 4( 𝑦 − 2)
( 𝑥 − h )2=4 𝑎 ( 𝑦 −𝑘 ) OPENS
UPWARD
𝑉 (−1 , 2) 𝐹 (−1 , 3) 𝑎=1

𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 : 𝑦 =1
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 1
Given a parabola whose equation is , find the following:
d.) length of latus rectum
2
( 𝑥+ 1 ) = 4( 𝑦 − 2)
( 𝑥 − h )2=4 𝑎 ( 𝑦 −𝑘 ) OPENS
UPWARD
𝑉 (−1 , 2) 𝐹 (−1 , 3) 𝑎=1
𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 : 𝑦 =1

𝐿𝑅=4 𝑎
𝐿𝑅=4 (1)
𝐿𝑅=4 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 1
Given a parabola whose equation is , find the following:
e.) equation of axis of
symmetry 2
( 𝑥+ 1 ) = 4( 𝑦 − 2)
( 𝑥 − h )2=4 𝑎 ( 𝑦 −𝑘 ) OPENS
UPWARD
𝑉 (−1 , 2) 𝐹 (−1 , 3) 𝑎=1
𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 : 𝑦 =1
𝐿𝑅=4 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝐴𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑆𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑦 : 𝑥=− 1
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 2
Find the standard equation of the parabola
whose vertex is the origin and whose
directrix is the line
𝑉 ( h , 𝑘) : (0 , 0)
𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 :𝑥=4

𝑎=4
2
( 𝑦 − 𝑘) =− 4 𝑎 ( 𝑥OPENS
− h ) TO THE LEFT
( 𝑦 − 0 )2 =− 4( 4) ( 𝑥 − 0 )
2
𝑦 =−16 𝑥
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 3
Given a parabola whose equation is , find the following:
a.) vertex & focus
b.) equation of directrix & axis of
symmetry
c.) ends of latus rectum
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 3
A parabolic arch has a span of 20 meters and a maximum
height of 15 meters. How high is the arch 4 meters from the
center of the span?
𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑥 𝑦1
=
𝑦2 ,,,
2 2
( 𝑥1 ) ( 𝑥2) are always
15 15 − h referenced from
=
( 10 ) 2
( 4 )2 the vertex
15 𝑚
h 4𝑚 15(16)
=1 5 − h
1 00
240
20 𝑚 h=15 −
100
h=12.6 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 4
A comet from deep space approaches the sun along a parabolic
orbit. When the comet is 100 million miles from the sun, the line
joining the sun and the comet makes an angle of 60 degrees with
the axis of the parabola. How close to the sun will the comet get?
𝐀𝐱𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐲 𝐀𝐱𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐲

𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐭
𝟔𝟎°
𝐅𝐨𝐜𝐮𝐬 𝐅𝐨𝐜𝐮𝐬
𝟔𝟎°

𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐭
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 4
SCENARIO 1:
𝐀𝐱𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐲

𝟔𝟎°
𝑭
PARABOLA EXAMPLE 4
SCENARIO 2:
𝐀𝐱𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐲

𝑭
𝟔𝟎°
𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐭
PRACTICE:
1.) An arch in the shape of an arc of a parabola measures 6m
across the base and its vertex is 2.50m above the base. Find
the length of the beam parallel 𝟐.
to 𝟔𝟖𝒎
the base and 2m above it.

2.) A parabola has it axis parallel to the y-axis, one end of its
latus rectum is at (9,6) and the vertex is at (5,4). Determine
the following: 𝟖𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔
𝟐
𝒙 −𝟏𝟎 𝒙 −𝟖 𝒚 +𝟓𝟕=𝟎
a. length of latus rectum
b. equation of the parabola 𝒚 −𝟐=𝟎
c. equation of the directrix of the parabola
3.) Locate the vertex, focus, and the coordinates of the ends of
the latus rectum of the parabola: