Department of Civil Engineering Go, change the world

RV College of
Engineering
Major Project Presentation

Energy Modelling using IES-VE for Sustainable

Construction

Under the Guidance of

Dr.Vinod A R
Associate Professor

STUDENT USN
MOHITH B REDDY 1RV17CV063
RAKSHITHA ANAND 1RV17CV085
SUHANA K 1RV17CV115
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction

2. Problem statement

3. Literature Review

4. Objectives

5. Methodology

6. Results

7. References
Introduction
According to the United Nations, cities account for
70% of global carbon emissions, with structures
accounting for 40% of those emissions.
Nations are also increasingly urbanising, and by 2030,
more than one-third of us will be living in cities.

A solution exists at the nexus of urbanisation and

climate change that can reduce carbon emissions,
increase productivity, and improve people's health and
well-being.

Sustainable building is the key

 Problem Statement
NON-CONVENTIONAL APPROACH- A NEED FOR CHANGING TIMES..

• According to the figures by the Government of India,

residential and commercial spaces consumed 37% of the
country’s overall energy consumption in 2016 and by 2050, the
floor space of India would be 40 billion square meters.

• Growing Urban Densities allow for faster movement of goods,

people and ideas. Buildings could play substantial role in this.

• Sustainable buildings is an evolutionary process and India has

to take a step forward towards it.

THE CONCERNS WITH CONTEMPORARY BUILDINGS

Ignorance towards:
• the Local climate
• the Culture
• the Context
Solutions are being just ‘imported’ from the western. This pattern,
primarily driven by the motive of glorification has led many to
denounce our buildings as anti-environmental.
 OBJECTIVES

02 03 04
To generate To obtain various To prioritise the To obtain
a 3D visualisation options of most efficient an energy
of the energy efficient materials by efficient building
building chosen building materials for running multiple model as compared
for the study the current simulations to ASHRAE 90.1
building according standards
to the requirements

01
 Type Commercial- office building

Location

Climate Zone
South Bangalore, Karnataka, India

1A- Very hot-humid (ASHRAE 90.1-2010[39])

SITE DATA
• The building undertaken for the
Floor Area (m2) 2534.01 m2
study is located in South
No. of Floors Four
Bangalore
• It is a 4 floor office building
Principal Heating/
Electricity • According to ASHRAE 90.1
Cooling Source
Climatic standards, Bangalore
city falls under 'Climatic zone 1'
i.e., very hot, humid, dry
No. of Conditioned 80 (All spaces except the corridor, dining, kitchen, electrical/ mechanical room,
Spaces parking, restrooms, stairway, storage are conditioned)
BUILDING MODEL
 The Climatic and Whether data of the building
location
ASHARE 90.1-2010
1A- Very hot-humid
Climate Zone
Koppen-Geiger
Aw
Classification

Source ISHRAE Weather Database

Weather Location Bangalore

Weather File IND_BENGALURU_432950_ISHRAE

8
  The Virtual Environment (VE) is an in-
depth suite of integrated analysis tools for
the design and retrofit of buildings.
 The platform leverages a world-leading
simulation engine to allow cross-team
collaboration between architects,
engineers and contractors, from concept
design to operation.

INTEGRATED  It helps in embedding energy and

performance analysis into the heart of the
ENVIRONMENTAL design process, and across the entire
building lifecycle.
SOLUTIONS – VIRTUAL  The analysis applications all share one
central integrated data model, so design
ENVIRONMENT (ies-ve) changes are immediately updated
elsewhere, saving time and facilitating an
integrated design approach across HVAC
and ventilation systems, daylight
compensation control, solar shading
analysis, renewables, cost and value
assessment, etc.
01
Obtaining 2D drawings of the
building considered for the study and
extracting the polyline diagram in
CAD
02
Development a 3D model in IES-VE
under Model-IT component
03
Assigning the location and weather
data of the building
METHODOLOGY
04
Updating data such as number of
occupants, heating and
cooling equipments used in every
room, in the Apache System
05
Running solar shading analysis using
SunCast component in IES-VE
06
Developing the baseline model in
compliance to ASHRAE 90.1
parameters
07
Recording multiple options for
external wall, roofing and external
glass based on their thermal
conductivity values ( U-values)
08
Obtaining the final list of efficient
materials and running the simulation
to get combined efficiency of all the
finalized materials
09
Testing every option in the materials
in comparison to the ASHRAE 90.1
baseline to obtain the most energy
efficient option
10
01 Obtaining 2D drawings of the building considered for the study and extracting the polyline diagram in CAD

11
02 Development a 3D model in IES-VE under Model-IT component

12
 03
Assigning the location and weather data of the building
The weather file of Bangalore city, sourced from Indian Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers
(ISHRAE) then, converted into the standard EPW file format and was input into the software.
Space Name
0F – Reception
FloorArea(m²)

95.23
ASHRAE 90.1- Space type

SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting

Lighting(W/Sq.m)

5.11
Waiting Lounge
0F- 4 Pax disc 9.44 SPACE: Conference/ Meeting/ Multipurpose - Lighting 8.61
0F- 4 Pax Disc 8.95 SPACE: Conference/ Meeting/ Multipurpose - Lighting 8.61
0F- FCC 6.97 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
0F- Lift 8.10 - -
0F- Mail room 4.84 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
0F Office 61.65 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
0F- Staircase 19.02 SPACE: Stairs - Active - Lighting 4.83
0F- Toilet 20.08 SPACE: Restrooms - Lighting 6.86
1F- 15 Pax Board room 42.38 SPACE: Conference/ Meeting/ Multipurpose - Lighting 8.61
1F- AHU Room 10.15 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
1F DR 1 Cabin 19.01 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
1F- DR 2 Cabin 18.97 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
1F- DR Cabin 3 16.82 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
1F- DR Cabin 4 16.82 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
1F- Elec room 6.41 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
1F- Lift 7.31 - -
1F Lift Lobby 14.03 SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting 5.11
1F- Office 114.75 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
1F Staircase 15.36 SPACE: Stairs - Active - Lighting 4.83
1F- Toilet 26.56 SPACE: Restrooms - Lighting 6.86
1F- Waiting Lounge 43.62 SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting 5.11
1F- Waitng Cabin 14.05 SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting 5.11
1F-6 Pax Disc 17.01 SPACE: Conference/ Meeting/ Multipurpose - Lighting 8.61
1F-DH Space 25.69 - -
2F- Lift 6.79 - -
2F- Office 187.96 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
2F- TD Room 11.21 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
2F- TD Room 9.24 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
2F- Toilet 33.63 SPACE: Restrooms - Lighting 6.86
2F-10 Pax Disc 22.10 SPACE: Conference/ Meeting/ Multipurpose - Lighting 8.61
2F-AHU Room 11.25 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
2F-Battery Room 6.54 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
2F-Electrical 14.41 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
2F-Lift lobby 14.26 SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting 5.11
2F-Office 1 125.25 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
2F-Staircase 14.88 SPACE: Stairs - Active - Lighting 4.83
2F-TD Room 9.39 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
2F-UPS Room
2F-Waiting lounge
10.83
24.41 Average temperatures and precipitation of Bangalore city
SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting
SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting
6.65
5.11

13
 04 Development a 3D model in IES-VE under Model-IT component
Space Name FloorArea(m²) ASHRAE 90.1- Space type Lighting(W/Sq.m)

0F – Reception
95.23 SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting 5.11
Waiting Lounge
0F- 4 Pax disc 9.44 SPACE: Conference/ Meeting/ Multipurpose - Lighting 8.61
0F- 4 Pax Disc 8.95 SPACE: Conference/ Meeting/ Multipurpose - Lighting 8.61
0F- FCC 6.97 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
0F- Lift 8.10 - -
0F- Mail room 4.84 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
0F Office 61.65 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
0F- Staircase 19.02 SPACE: Stairs - Active - Lighting 4.83
0F- Toilet 20.08 SPACE: Restrooms - Lighting 6.86
1F- 15 Pax Board room 42.38 SPACE: Conference/ Meeting/ Multipurpose - Lighting 8.61
1F- AHU Room 10.15 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
1F DR 1 Cabin 19.01 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
1F- DR 2 Cabin 18.97 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
1F- DR Cabin 3 16.82 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
1F- DR Cabin 4 16.82 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
1F- Elec room 6.41 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
1F- Lift 7.31 - -
1F Lift Lobby 14.03 SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting 5.11
1F- Office 114.75 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
1F Staircase 15.36 SPACE: Stairs - Active - Lighting 4.83
1F- Toilet 26.56 SPACE: Restrooms - Lighting 6.86
1F- Waiting Lounge 43.62 SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting 5.11
1F- Waitng Cabin 14.05 SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting 5.11
1F-6 Pax Disc 17.01 SPACE: Conference/ Meeting/ Multipurpose - Lighting 8.61
1F-DH Space 25.69 - -
2F- Lift 6.79 - -
2F- Office 187.96 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
2F- TD Room 11.21 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
2F- TD Room 9.24 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
2F- Toilet 33.63 SPACE: Restrooms - Lighting 6.86 14
2F-10 Pax Disc 22.10 SPACE: Conference/ Meeting/ Multipurpose - Lighting 8.61
2F-Battery Room 6.54 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65

2F-Electrical 14.41 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65

2F-Lift lobby 14.26 SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting 5.11

2F-Office 1 125.25 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77

2F-Staircase 14.88 SPACE: Stairs - Active - Lighting 4.83

2F-Battery Room 6.54 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
2F-Electrical 14.41 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
2F-TD Room 9.39
2F-Lift lobby
SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting
14.26 SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting 5.11
7.77
2F-Office 1 125.25 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
2F-UPS Room 10.83
2F-Staircase SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting
14.88 SPACE: Stairs - Active - Lighting 4.83 6.65
2F-TD Room 9.39 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77
2F-UPS Room 10.83 SPACE: Electrical/ Mechanical - Lighting 6.65
2F-Waiting lounge 24.41
2F-Waiting lounge
SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting
24.41 SPACE: Lounge/ Recreation - Lighting 5.11
5.11

3F- Lift 6.79 - -

3F- Office 144.52 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77

3F- TD Room 11.21 SPACE: Office - Enclosed - Lighting 7.77

15
05 Running solar shading analysis using SunCast component in IES-VE

Sunpath model during Equinox (March month) 16

Sunpath model before the onset of monsoon (May month) 17
 18
Sunpath model nearing summer solstice (June month)
Legend for the sunpath model
19
 06 Developing the baseline model in compliance to ASHRAE
90.1 parameters
This step is to assign the air condition equipment of the building.
The HVAC inputs use a different simulation tool in IES-VE under
ApacheSim known as the Apache HVAC.

The zones or rooms in the building are differentiated as conditioned

and unconditioned. The conditioned zones are assigned with the
data from the existing design parameters of the building.
20
 IDENTIFICATION OF COMPONENTS WHICH AFFECT THE ENERGY
CONSUMPTION OF THE BUILDING THE MOST

Donut chart of gains due to different components of Donut chart of gains due to different
the first floor of the building components of the top-most floor of the building

21
07 Recording multiple options for external wall, roofing and external
glass based on their thermal conductivity values ( U-values)
Simulation ASHRAE 90.1- 2010 Baseline
Simulation ASHRAE 90.1- 2010 Baseline

External wall CZ1 Ext Wall

CZ1 Ext(Non-Res)
Wall (Non-Res) - - Steel
Steel Framed;
Framed; R-13.0; U=0.704 W/Sq.m.K
R-13.0; U=0.704
External wall
W/Sq.m.K

External glass CZ1CZ1Window (Non-Res)

Window (Non-Res) - Metal
- Metal framing (all other)framing (all other)
External glass U= 6.81 W/Sq.m.K; SHGC=0.25
U= 6.81 W/Sq.m.K; SHGC=0.25
CZ1 Roof (Non-Res) - Ins Above Deck; R-15 c.i; U=0.358
Roof
W/Sq.m.K
Roof CZ1 Roof (Non-Res)
CZ1 Floor-(Non-Res)
Ins Above Deck;
- Steel Joist; R-0; R-15 c.i; U=0.358 W/Sq.m.K
Floor
U=1.99 W/Sq.m.K

BASELINE/PROPOSED: 100mm reinforced concrete with Tiles

Internal partition CZ1 Floor (Non-Res) - Steel Joist; R-0;
Floor U=2.2 W/Sq.m.K
U=1.99 W/Sq.m.K
BASELINE/PROPOSED: 100mm reinforced concrete with Tiles U=2.2
Internal partition 22
W/Sq.m.K
08 Obtaining the final list of efficient materials and running the
simulation to get combined efficiency of all the finalized materials

Various reports and journal papers were referred and the best materials which can be used
for the envelope of the building were tabulated based on their thermal conductivity
values, U-values and SHGC values.

The U-value is thermal transmittance and SHGC is the Solar Heat Gain Coefficient. From
the literature survey conducted, it was observed that the lower the U-value, lesser the
energy the material consumed. The U-value of a material can be calculated using the
thermal conductivity of the material. Hence, considering this parameter, the various
options for External glass, roof and walls were tabulated.
23
 Alternative Envelope design optimization options
S
l External Externa Internal
Sl No Options External Wall N
o
Options
External
Wall l Glass Glass
Roof Floor
Partition Roof Floor Internal Partition
1cm
Cement
1cm
plaster +
1cm Cement plaster + 1.5cm 1.5cm
Cement
plaster +

expanded polystyrene +
expanded
polystyrene
6 mm
Clear 27.5
15CM
RCC
15cm
1cm Cement plaster +
Wall6 mm Clear Glass
+ Glass CM with
AAC 15CM RCC with
1 Optimiz
19 cm
U= 6.3 RCC
W/Sq. U=3.64
Tiles
U=2.9
block27.5 CM RCC 15cm AAC block +1cm
1 Wall Optimization 1 19 cm Brick + U=Brick6.3
ation 1
+ W/Sq.m.K; m.K; W/Sq. 2
+1cm
Tiles
SHGC=0 m.K W/Sq. U=3.64 W/Sq.m.K
Cement
plaster Cement plaster
SHGC=0.8
1cm .8 m.K
U=1.12 U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K
1cm Cement plaster U=1.17 Cement
plaster
W/Sq.m.
K U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
U=1.17
W/Sq.m.K W/Sq.m.K
1.25 1cm
Cement Cement
plaster + plaster +
6 mm 15CM
1.25 Cement plaster + 5cm 5cm Foam
concrete +
Clear 27.5 RCC
Wall
Glass CM with
15cm
AAC 1cm Cement plaster +
Foam concrete + 2
6 Concrete
Optimiz
ation 2mm
11.25cm
U= 6.3
+Clear Glass
RCC
W/Sq. U=3.64
Tiles
U=2.9
block
+1cm 15CM RCC with
1.25cm
m.K; W/Sq. 2
Cement27.5 CM RCC 15cm AAC block +1cm
2 Wall Optimization 2 11.25cm Concrete + 1.25cm U=Cement
6.3 W/Sq.m.K;SHGC=0
.8
m.K W/Sq.
m.K
plaster Tiles
plaster
U=3.64 W/Sq.m.K
U=1.12
Cement plaster
Cement plaster SHGC=0.8
U=0.66
W/Sq.m.K
W/Sq.m.
K U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K
1.25 1cm U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
U=0.66 W/Sq.m.K Cement
plaster +
Cement
plaster +
6 mm 15CM
Clear 27.5 RCC
5cm 15cm
Glass CM with
1.25 Cement plaster + 3
Wall
Optimiz
corkboard
+ 11.25cm
U= 6.3 RCC Tiles
AAC
block
ation 3 Concrete +
W/Sq. U=3.64
m.K; W/Sq.
U=2.9
2
+1cm 1cm Cement plaster +
5cm corkboard + 11.25cm 6 mm Clear Glass
1.25cm
Cement
SHGC=0 m.K W/Sq.
Cement
plaster 15CM RCC with
plaster
.8 m.K
U=1.1227.5 CM RCC 15cm AAC block +1cm
3 Wall Optimization 3 Concrete + 1.25cm Cement U= 6.3 W/Sq.m.K;
U=0.46 W/Sq.m. Tiles
W/Sq.m.K K
U=3.64 W/Sq.m.K Cement plaster
plaster SHGC=0.8 U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K
U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
U=0.46 W/Sq.m.K
24
Sl No Options External Wall External Glass Roof Floor Internal Partition
S
Internal
l Option External Extern
Roof Floor Partitio
N s Wall al Glass
n
o

Ecosen 1cm

1cm Cement plaster + 20cm AAC

1cm

Ecosense Enhanced- 6 mm
Cement
plaster +
se
Enhanc 27.5
Cement
15CM plaster + 1cm Cement plaster + 15cm
ed- 6 RCC 15cm
CM
27.5 CM RCC 15CM RCC with Tiles AAC block +1cm Cement
20cm AAC with AAC
mm
block +1cm Cement plaster
Glass block +1cm RCC
Tiles block
4 Glass Optimization 1 4 Optimiz Cement

U= 5.7 W/Sq.m.K;
ation 1 plaster
U=3.6
4
U=2.9 +1cm

U=3.64 W/Sq.m.K U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K plaster

U= 5.7 2 Cement
W/Sq. W/Sq.
W/Sq. plaster
m.K; m.K
U=0.99 m.K U=1.12

U=0.99 W/Sq.m.K SHGC=0.43 W/Sq.m.K

SHGC=
0.43
W/Sq.m.
K
U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
1cm
1cm Sungau Cement
Cement
1cm Cement plaster + 15cm
rd Solar 15CM plaster +
27.5
1cm Cement plaster + 20cm AAC
plaster + neutral RCC 15cm

Sungaurd Solar neutral 34

20cm AAC CM
34 with AAC
Glass block +1cm RCC
6mm Tiles block

block +1cm Cement plaster

5 Optimiz
ation 2
Cement
plaster
U= 4.46
U=3.6
4
U=2.9 +1cm
27.5 CM RCC 15CM RCC with Tiles AAC block +1cm Cement
5 Glass Optimization 2 6mm U= 4.46 W/Sq.m.K;
W/Sq.
m.K;
W/Sq.
m.K
2 Cement
W/Sq. plaster
U=0.99 SHGC=
0.4
m.K U=1.12
W/Sq.m. U=3.64 W/Sq.m.K U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K plaster
SHGC=0.4
W/Sq.m.K
K
U=0.99 W/Sq.m.K SFF
1cm U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
1cm Antileo
Cement
Cement plus ST
15CM plaster +

SFF Antileo plus ST 167

plaster +
20cm AAC
167
6mm +
27.5
CM
RCC 15cm

1cm Cement plaster + 15cm

with AAC
Glass block +1cm 12mm RCC
1cm Cement plaster + 20cm AAC 6 Optimiz
6mm + 12mm air gap +
ation 3
Cement
plaster
air gap
+ 6mm
U=3.6
4
Tiles
U=2.9
2
block
+1cm
Cement

block +1cm Cement plaster

U= 2.8
W/Sq.
W/Sq.
m.K
W/Sq. plaster
27.5 CM RCC 15CM RCC with Tiles AAC block +1cm Cement
6 Glass Optimization 3 6mm U=0.99 m.K U=1.12
m.K;
W/Sq.m.K W/Sq.m.
SHGC=
0.6
K
U=3.64 W/Sq.m.K U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K plaster
U=0.99 W/Sq.m.K U= 2.8 W/Sq.m.K; SGG
Cool
lite 1cm U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
SHGC=0.6 1cm
Cement
plaster +
Graphit
e
ST 136 27.5
Cement
15CM plaster +
RCC 15cm
20cm AAC 6mm + CM
SGG Cool lite Graphite
7
Glass block +1cm 12mm
Optimiz Cement air gap
RCC
U=3.6
with
Tiles
U=2.9
AAC
block
+1cm

1cm Cement plaster + 20cm AAC

ation 4 plaster

ST 136 6mm + 12mm air

+ 6mm 4
W/Sq.
m.K
2 Cement
W/Sq. plaster
m.K U=1.12
1cm Cement plaster + 15cm
U=0.99 U= 2.7

block +1cm Cement plaster gap + 6mm

W/Sq.m.K W/Sq. W/Sq.m.
K 27.5 CM RCC 15CM RCC with Tiles AAC block +1cm Cement
7 Glass Optimization 4
m.K;
SHGC=
0.35
SGG
Cool 1cm
U=3.64 W/Sq.m.K U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K plaster
U=0.99 W/Sq.m.K U= 2.7 W/Sq.m.K; 1cm
Cement
lite
Blue 27.5
Cement
15CM plaster +
RCC 15cm
U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
plaster + Isle ST CM
SHGC=0.35
8
Glass 20cm AAC 708 - 6
Optimiz block +1cm mm
RCC
U=3.6
with
Tiles
U=2.9
AAC
block
+1cm
ation 5 Cement 4
2 Cement

SGG Cool lite Blue Isle ST

plaster
U=0.99
W/Sq.m.K
U= 3.6
W/Sq.
W/Sq.
m.K
W/Sq. plaster
m.K U=1.12
1cm Cement plaster + 15cm
1cm Cement plaster + 20cm AAC
m.K; W/Sq.m.

708 - 6 mm SHGC=
0.15
K

8 Glass Optimization 5
27.5 CM RCC 15CM RCC with Tiles AAC block +1cm Cement
block +1cm Cement plaster U=0.99
U= 3.6 W/Sq.m.K; U=3.64 W/Sq.m.K U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K plaster
W/Sq.m.K
SHGC=0.15 U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
25
Sl No Options External Wall External Glass Roof Floor Internal Partition

ECOSENSE EXCEL-
Blue Pearl 6cm (solar 1cm Cement plaster + 15cm
1cm Cement plaster + 20cm AAC S

control) double low E 27.5 CM RCC 15CM RCC with Tiles AAC block +1cm Cement
l External External Internal
Options Roof Floor
N Wall Glass Partition

9 Glass Optimization 6 block +1cm Cement plaster U=0.99 o

glass 6mm + 12mm air U=3.64 W/Sq.m.K U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K plaster

W/Sq.m.K ECOSEN
SE

gap + 6mm U= 1.6 EXCEL-

Blue
Pearl 1cm
U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
W/Sq.m.K; SHGC=0.19
1cm Cement
plaster +
6cm
(solar
control) 27.5
15CM
Cement
plaster +
15cm
RCC
20cm AAC double CM AAC
Glass with
block +1cm low E RCC block
9 Optimiz Tiles
Cement glass U=3.64 +1cm
ation 6 U=2.92
plaster 6mm + W/Sq. Cement
W/Sq.
U=0.99 12mm m.K plaster
m.K
W/Sq.m.K air gap + U=1.12
6mm U= W/Sq.m.
1.6 K
W/Sq.m
.K;
SHGC=0
100mm RCC + 60mm 1cm Cement plaster +
1cm Cement plaster + 20cm AAC 6 mm Clear Glass
.19

block +1cm Cement plaster Expanded polystyrene 15cm RCC with Tiles 15cm AAC block +1cm
10 Roof Optimization 1 U= 6.3 W/Sq.m.K; 100mm
RCC +
1cm
Cement
1cm Cement
plaster + 6 mm
60mm plaster +
(for 24kg/m3) U=0.52 U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K Cement plaster
U=0.99 W/Sq.m.K SHGC=0.8
20cm AAC Clear
Expand 15cm
ed RCC

W/Sq.m.K
block +1cm Glass 15cm
Roof polysty with
U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
1 Cement U= 6.3 AAC
0 Optimiz rene Tiles block
plaster W/Sq.m
ation 1 (for U=2.92 +1cm
.K;
24kg/ W/Sq. Cement
SHGC=0
U=0.99 m3) m.K plaster
.8
W/Sq.m.K U=0.52 U=1.12
W/Sq. W/Sq.m.
m.K K

1cm
100mm RCC + 40mm 1cm Cement plaster +
1cm Cement plaster + 20cm AAC 6 mm Clear Glass
1cm Cement
plaster + 6 mm
100mm
RCC +
40mm
Cement
plaster +

block +1cm Cement plaster

20cm AAC Clear Phenoli
15cm
RCC Phenolic Foam (density 15cm RCC with Tiles 15cm AAC block +1cm
11
15cm
Roof Optimization 2 U= 6.3 W/Sq.m.K;
block +1cm Glass c Foam
Roof with AAC
1 Cement U= 6.3 (densit
Optimiz Tiles
1
ation 2 plaster W/Sq.m
.K;
y
32kg/
U=2.92
block
+1cm 32kg/m3) U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K Cement plaster
U=0.99 W/Sq.m.K SHGC=0.8U=0.99
SHGC=0 m3)
W/Sq.
m.K
Cement
plaster
U=0.45W/Sq.m.K
.8 U=0.45

U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
W/Sq.m.K W/Sq. U=1.12
m.K W/Sq.m.
K

1cm
100mm Cement
1cm Cement 6 mm RCC + plaster +
plaster + Clear 30mm
15cm
Polyure
1cm Cement plaster +
20cm AAC Glass RCC 15cm
100mm RCC + 30mm
block +1cm U= 6.3 thane
Roof with
1cm Cement plaster + 20cm AAC 6 mm Clear Glass
1 Cement W/Sq.m spray AAC
2 Optimiz Tiles block
plaster .K; (42+-
ation 3 U=2.92 +1cm
2kg/m

block +1cm Cement plaster U= 6.3 W/Sq.m.K;

3)
W/Sq.
m.K
Cement
Polyurethane spray 15cm RCC with Tiles 15cm AAC block +1cm
12
U=0.99 SHGC=0 plaster
Roof Optimization 3
U=0.71
W/Sq.m.K .8 W/Sq. U=1.12
m.K W/Sq.m.
K (42+-2kg/m3) U=0.71 U=2.92 W/Sq.m.K Cement plaster
U=0.99 W/Sq.m.K SHGC=0.8 W/Sq.m.K U=1.12 W/Sq.m.K
26
The selected material with their U value is entered into the system

27
 09 Testing every option in the materials in comparison to the ASHRAE
90.1 baseline to obtain the most energy efficient option
Every material tabulated were run for the energy consumption analysis in the software and the amount of energy
savings provided by every material was checked and the most efficient materials under each category that is of roof,
wall and glass was selected and a separate analysis was run to get the most optimized design of the building.
Name Material used

Name External Glass Material used

SGG Cool lite Blue Isle ST 708 - 6 mm U=
3.6 W/Sq.m.K; SHGC=0.15
1.25 Cement plaster +5cm corkboard +
Wall 11.25cm Concrete + 1.25cm Cement
External Glass SGG Cool lite Blue IsleU=0.46
plaster. ST 708 - 6 mm U= 3.6 W/Sq.m.K; SHGC=0.15
W/Sq.m.K
100mm RCC + 30mm Polyurethane spray
Roof
(42+-2kg/m3) U=0.71 W/Sq.m.K

1.25 Cement plaster +5cm corkboard + 11.25cm Concrete + 1.25cm

Wall
Cement plaster. U=0.46 W/Sq.m.K

100mm RCC + 30mm Polyurethane spray (42+-2kg/m3) U=0.71

Roof
28
W/Sq.m.K
RESULTS:

29
The Energy consumption results and the Energy savings
percentages of the Existing building (Proposed building) when
compared to the ASHRAE 90.1 Baseline model

30
Wall option 1
1cm Cement plaster + 1.5cm expanded polystyrene + 19 cm Brick + 1cm Cement
plaster U=1.17 W/Sq.m.K

The total energy consumption is 225.9328 MWh/ year

Wall option 2
1.25 Cement plaster + 5cm Foam concrete + 11.25cm Concrete + 1.25cm Cement
plaster U=0.66 W/ Sq.m.K

The total energy consumption is 225.3904 MWh/ year. 32

Wall option 3
1.25 Cement plaster +5cm corkboard + 11.25cm Concrete + 1.25cm Cement plaster ,
U=0.46 W/Sq.m.K

The total energy consumption is 224.9613 MWh/ year 33

COMPARISON OF WALL OPTIONS:
this is a graph depicting the wall
behavior during the month of MAY
OBSERVATIONS:
 A peak in heat gain is obtained at 8 PM.
 The wall option 1 has a higher gain coefficient
during the night
 The wall option 2 has the highest gain efficient
during the day
 Wall option 3 shows a stable and lesser gain
coefficient than the other two wall options.

34
COMPARISON OF WALL OPTIONS:
this is a graph depicting the wall behavior
during the month of JANUARY.
OBSERVATIONS:
 A peak in heat gain is obtained at 8 PM.
 The wall option 1 has a higher gain
coefficient during the night
 The wall option 2 has the highest gain
efficient during the day
 Wall option 3 shows a stable and lesser gain
coefficient than the other two wall options.
35
 Efficiency results obtained for all the wall optimizations considered in the
project:
Wall Optimizations Construction Efficiency (%)

Wall
Construction Efficiency (%)
Optimizations
1cm Cement plaster + 1.5cm expanded polystyrene + 19 cm Brick + 1cm Cement
Wall Optimization 1 1cm Cement plaster + 1.5cm expanded polystyrene 19.47%
+ 19 plaster
cm Brick +U=1.17 W/Sq.m.K
Wall
1cm Cement plaster U=1.17 19.47%
Optimization 1 W/Sq.m.K

1.25 Cement plaster + 5cm Foam concrete +

Wall
11.25cm Concrete + 1.25cm Cement plaster 19.67%
Optimization 2
1.25 Cement plaster + 5cm Foam concrete + 11.25cm Concrete + 1.25cm Cement
U=0.66 W/Sq.m.K

Wall Optimization 2 1.25 Cement plasterplaster

+5cm corkboard + 11.25cm 19.67%
Wall
Concrete + 1.25cm Cement plaster 19.82%
Optimization 3 U=0.66 W/Sq.m.K
U=0.46 W/Sq.m.K

1.25 Cement plaster +5cm corkboard + 11.25cm Concrete + 1.25cm Cement

Wall Optimization 3 plaster 19.82%
U=0.46 W/Sq.m.K
36
External Glass option 1
Ecosense Enhanced- 6 mm, U-value = 5.7 W/Sq.m.K, SHGC = 0.43
Total energy consumption = 203.47772 MWh per year.

37
Total energy consumption = 203.47772 MWh per year.
External Glass option 2
6mm Sungaurd Solar neutral-34, U-value = 4.46 W/Sq.m.K, SHGC = 0.4

Total energy consumption = 202.9303 MWh per year. 38

External Glass option 3

SFF Antileo plus ST 167 6mm + 12mm air gap + 6mm, U-value = 2.8 W/Sq.m.K, SHGC = 0.6.

Total energy consumption = 217.8496 MWh per year. 39

External Glass option 4
SGG Coollite Graphite ST 136 6mm + 12mm air gap + 6mm, U-value = 2.7 W/Sq.m.K ,
SHGC = 0.35.

Total energy consumption = 201.1358 MWh per year. 40

External Glass option 5

SGG Cool lite Blue Isle ST 708 - 6 mm, U-value = 3.6 W/Sq.m.K, SHGC = 0.15

Total energy consumption = 191.0932 MWh per year. 41

External Glass option 6
ECOSENSE EXCEL- Blue Pearl 6cm (solar control) double low E glass 6mm + 12mm air gap
+ 6mm, U-value = 1.6 W/Sq.m.K, SHGC = 0.19

Total energy consumption = 193.7307 MWh per year. 42

Observations for all External Glass optimizations:

 The glass option 1 has the highest gain coefficient.

 The glass option 5 has the lowest gain efficient.
 The glass option 1 and glass option 2 , having the same SHGC value and different U-value, show negligible difference
in energy consumption.
 The glass option 3 and glass option 4 , having the same U-value and different SHGC value, show a significant
difference
 Glass option 3 with SHGC value 0.6 and U-value 0.99 W/sq.m.K has higher energy consumption value
 Glass option 4 with SHGC value 0.35 and U-value 0.99 W/sq.m.K has lower energy consumption value.
 Glass option 5 with SHGC value 0.15 and U-value 3.8 W/sq.m.K has the highest efficiency and hence, is the most
optimal choice of all the 6 options.
 Glass option 6 with SHGC value 0.19 and U-value 1.6 W/sq.m.K is the second most efficient option after the Glass
option 5.
 The difference in the heat gain of each External glass option is found to be significant and thus, glass plays a prominent
43
Comparison of all the External glass options
Solar heat gain was compared between all the glass options and found that the glass option 5 was found to be
the most effective, as it showed the lowest heat gain value.
Variable Name Line Colour File Name Location Type NameValue Line
Variable File Name
Colour

Gain
Solar gain (kW) p_Glass Option 6.aps 3F – Office 1 Solar 2.3345
(kW)gain (kW) p_Glass Option 6.aps

Gain
Solar gain (kW) p_Glass Option 5.aps 3F – Office 1 2.2699
Solar
(kW)gain (kW) p_Glass Option 5.aps

Gain
Solar gain (kW) p_Glass Option 4.aps 3F – Office 1 3.8077
(kW)gain (kW)
Solar p_Glass Option 4.aps

Gain
Solar gain (kW) p_Glass Option 3.aps 3F – Office 1 6.4693
(kW)
Solar gain (kW) p_Glass Option 3.aps

Gain
Solar gain (kW) p_Glass Option 2.aps 3F – Office 1 4.5708
(kW)
Solar gain (kW) p_Glass Option 2.aps

Gain
Solar gain (kW) p_Glass Option 1.aps 3F – Office 1 4.8609
(kW)
Solar gain (kW) p_Glass Option 1.aps

44
Roof option 1:
100mm RCC + 60mm Expanded polystyrene (for 24kg/m3) U=0.52 W/Sq.m.K

100mm RCC + 60mm Expanded polystyrene

Roof Optimization 1
(for 24kg/m3) U=0.52 W/Sq.m.K

Total energy consumption = 226.4555 MWh per year 45

Roof option 2:
100mm RCC + 40mm Phenolic Foam (density 32kg/m3) U=0.45W/Sq.m.K

Total energy consumption = 226.4714 MWh per year. 46

Roof option 3:
100mm RCC + 30mm Polyurethane spray (42+-2kg/m3) U=0.71 W/Sq.m.K

Total energy consumption = 226.4418 MWh per year. 47

Observations for all Roof optimizations:
 Energy consumption is highest during the month of May.
 Energy consumption is lowest during the month of January.
 Roof options shows a negligible change in energy consumption .
Roof optimization No. Roof optimization No. Construction
Construction Energy savings (%) Energy savings (%)
100mm RCC + 60mm
100mm
Roof Optimization 1 RCC + polystyrene
Expanded 60mm Expanded
(for 19.29%

Roof Optimization 1 24kg/m3) U=0.52 W/Sq.m.K

polystyrene (for 24kg/m3) U=0.52 19.29%
W/Sq.m.K
100mm RCC + 40mm
Roof Optimization 2 19.28%
Phenolic Foam (density
32kg/m3) U=0.45W/Sq.m.K
100mm RCC + 30mm
Roof Optimization 2 100mm
Roof Optimization 3 RCC + 40mm
Polyurethane Phenolic
spray (42+- Foam19.29% 19.28%
2kg/m3) U=0.71 W/Sq.m.K
(density 32kg/m3) U=0.45W/Sq.m.K

100mm RCC + 30mm Polyurethane spray

Roof Optimization 3 19.29%
(42+-2kg/m3) U=0.71 W/Sq.m.K
48
Final optimized building

Adopting the most optimized envelope parameters for glass (glass option 5 ), roof (roof option 3 ) and wall
(wall option 3) , the final building was analyzed for energy consumption.
Envelope Parameters Construction Efficiency
Envelope Parameters Construction
1.25 Cement plaster +5cm corkboard + Efficiency
11.25cm Concrete + 1.25cm Cement
Wall 19.82%
1.25 Cement plaster +5cm
plaster corkboard + 11.25cm
U-value = 0.46 W/Sq.m.K
Wall Concrete + 1.25cm Cement plaster 19.82%
SGG Cool lite Blue Isle ST 708 - 6 mm U-
External glass U-value = 0.46 W/Sq.m.K 31.89%
value = 3.6 W/Sq.m.K; SHGC = 0.15

SGG Cool lite 100mm RCC + ST

Blue Isle 30mm Polyurethane
708 - 6 mm U-value = 3.6
External glass Roof spray (42+-2kg/m3) 19.29% 31.89%
W/Sq.m.K; SHGC = 0.15
U-value = 0.71 W/Sq.m.K

100mm RCC + 30mm Polyurethane spray (42+-2kg/m3)

Roof 19.29%
U-value = 0.71 W/Sq.m.K
49
 FINAL RESULTS
The building analysis was run in IES-VE and gave the following result:

 Final building model shows an efficiency of 32.0%

 Final building is 12.45% more efficient that the original building model.

50
 CONCLUSION
 The proposed building design with the updated envelope parameters for external glass, wall and roof
provides 46% efficiency comparing to the ASHRAE Baseline model and 26.4% efficiency when
compared to the Existing Building parameters.
 Conclusions with respect to Wall: Deviating from the existing wall design, insulating of wall proved
to be more efficient than the existing wall design (AAC block) without any insulation. (FOAM
insulation)
 Conclusions with respect to External glass: With respect to the construction of the glass options, the
glass option 5 which is SGG Cool lite Blue Isle ST 708 - 6 mm with a U = 3.6 W/Sq.m.K and SHGC
= 0.15 proved to be the most efficient glass option

51
different scenarios considered while tabulating the proposed design options of external glass.:
 The first simulation between the glass option 1 and 2 proved that the glass option with the higher U-value was
comparatively more efficient than the glass option with lower U-value when SHGC values were kept constant.
This proved that lower the U-value, higher the efficiency.
 In the second scenario which is the comparison between glass options 3 and 4 the U-value was kept constant for
both the options and the SHGC values were different in order to observe the influence of U-value and SHGC
value on the energy consumption rate. This proved that lower the SHGC value, higher the efficiency.
 Conclusions with respect to Roof: Deviating from the existing roof design, insulating of roof proved to be more
efficient than the existing roof design (RCC) without any insulation. The roof option 3 which had the
construction of 100mm RCC and Polyurethane spray insulation and of U-value = 0.71 W/sq.m.K was found to
be moderately more energy efficient
• From the results of the project it can be concluded that the External glass has a significant impact on the energy
consumption of the Office building when compared to the wall and roof. 52
 FUTURE SCOPE
• The current project focuses upon modifying an existing building into an
efficient one by changing the envelope parameters also known as
‘passive parameters’ by considering the thermal conductivities of
various materials
• The future scope of this project would include the active parameters of
the building such as internal gains, HVAC etc., as well as passive
parameters for the energy analysis
• Even Carbon Analysis can be done using energy efficiency.
• If the energy analysis process is performed for the existing buildings
and if adopted in the construction of buildings, it will lead to the
advancements of the construction industry towards a sustainable path
53
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Journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/rser
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THANK
YOU