THE

FILIPINO
PEOPLE
 TA O N G TA B O N
Prehistoric Tabon Man, found
in Palawan in 1962 was, until 2007,
the oldest human remains discovered
by anthropologists in the
Philippines. Archaeological evidence
indicates similarities with two early
human fossils found in Indonesia and
China, called the Java Man
and Peking Man. In 2007, a
single metatarsal from an earlier fossil
was discovered in Callao
Cave, Peñablanca, Cagayan. That
earlier fossil was named as Callao
Man.
 THE
N E G R I TO S
The Negritos arrived about 30,000 years
ago and occupied several scattered areas
throughout the islands. Recent
archaeological evidence described
by Peter Bellwood claimed that the
ancestors of Filipinos, Malaysians, and
Indonesians first crossed the Taiwan
Strait during the Prehistoric period.
These early mariners are thought to be
the Austronesian people. They used
boats to cross the oceans, and settled
into many regions of Southeast Asia, the
Polynesian Islands, and Madagascar.
 THE
BICOLANOS
The Bicolanos are a predominantly
Roman Catholic ethnic group that
originates from the Bicol Region in
Southern Luzon. They are the fifth-
largest ethnolinguistic group in
the Philippines. There are several Bikol
languages of which there is a total of
about 3.5 million speakers. The most
widespread Bikol language is Central
Bikol comprising Naga, Legazpi, Daet
and Partido dialects (Virac is
sometimes considered as a separate
language). They are known for their
cuisine heavily using chili peppers
and coconut milk.
 THE GADDANGS
The Gaddang number about
25,000. They are known to have
inhabited the upper Cagayan
Valley, particularly Isabela
and Nueva Vizcaya since before
the Spanish arrived.
Their language is distantly
related to Ibanag and Yogad; it is
also spoken by ethnically-related
highland Ga'dang in the
provinces of Ifugao
and Mountain Province.
 THE
IBANAGS

The Ibanags are a

predominantly Christian
lowland ethnic group
numbering around half a
million people and who
primarily inhabit the provinces
of Cagayan and Isabela in
the Cagayan Valley
of northern Luzon. They speak
the Ibanag language, which is
distantly related to Ilocano.
 THE
ILOCANOS
The Ilocano people are a predominantly
Christian group who reside within the
lowlands and coastal areas of
northwestern Luzon. Other Ilocanos are also
found in Cordillera Administrative Region
and Cagayan Valley. Minor pockets of
Ilocanos are also found in scattered parts
of Central Luzon, such as Zambales, Tarlac,
Nueva Ecija, and Aurora, in Metro Manila
and in some municipalities in Mindanao,
mainly in Sultan Kudarat. They
speak Ilocano and they form the third largest
ethnolinguistic group in the Philippines at
about 8.1 million. Their foremost folk
literature is Biag ni Lam-ang (The Life of
Lam-ang), an epic poem with similarities
 THE IVATAN
The Ivatan (also spelled
as Ibatan) are the
predominant
ethnolinguistic group in
the Batanes islands of
the Philippines. They
have close cultural links
with the Taiwanese
aborigines.
 THE
K A PA M PA N G A N
The Kapampangan people are the seventh-
largest ethnolinguistic group in the Philippines.
They predominate in the southwestern portion
of Central Luzon (entire Pampanga,
southern Tarlac, southwestern Nueva Ecija,
southeastern Zambales, western Bulacan, and
northeastern Bataan). They are predominantly
Christian (mainly Roman Catholic). They
primarily use the Kapampangan language, which
is spoken by more than 1.4 million individuals.
In the Spanish colonial era, Pampanga was
known to be a source of valiant soldiers. There
was a Kapampangan contingent in the colonial
army who helped defend Manila against the
Chinese Pirate Limahon. They also helped in
battles against the Dutch, the English and
Muslim raiders. Kapampangans, along with the
Tagalogs, played a major role in the Philippine
 THE
SAMBALS

The Sambals are the inhabitants

of the province of Zambales,
including the independent city
of Olongapo. They are also found
in the municipalities of Bolinao
and Anda in
northwestern Pangasinan.
Sambals currently make up a
large proportion of the population
in the Zambales municipalities of
north of Iba, the provincial
capital. Their language, Sambal,
is related to Kapampangan.
 THE
SUBANON
Subanon or Subanu (also called
Subanen or Subanun) is a Subanon
word meaning "from the river." The
term is derived from the
root soba or suba (meaning "river")
and the suffix -nun or -non which
indicates locality or place of origin.
Subanon are also known in the
Anglicized form as "Subanen". The
Subanon people are the largest lumad
group (non-Muslim or -Christian
indigenous cultural community) on the
island of Mindanao.
 THE
TAGALOGS
The Tagalogs are the second most
widespread ethnic group in the
Philippines. They predominate the entirety
of the Manila and mainland southern
Luzon regions, with a plurality in Central
Luzon (mainly in its southeastern portion,
as well as parts of Zambales and Bataan
provinces) and coastal parts
of Mindoro. The Tagalog language was
chosen as an official language of the
Philippines in the 1930s. Today, Filipino,
a de facto version of Tagalog, is taught
throughout the archipelago.As of the 2000
census, there were about 21.5 million
speakers of Tagalog in the Philippines,
23.8 million worldwide.
 THE
VISAYAN
The Visayans are an ethnic group native
to the whole Visayas, to the
southernmost islands of Luzon and the
northern and eastern coastal parts
of Mindanao. They are speakers of one
or more Visayan languages, the most
widely spoken being Cebuano,
Hiligaynon and Waray-Waray. Other
groups speak smaller languages such
as Capiznon, Kinaray-a, Aklanon,
Masbateño, Romblomanon, Surigaonon
and Butuanon. They comprise the
largest ethnic group in the nation,
numbering at around 33 million as of
2010.
 THE
ZAMBOANGUEÑO
The Zamboangueño people are an ethno-
linguistic group of Hispanic and Malay
descent speaking Chavacano a Spanish-
based creole and they number almost a
million people. The Zamboangueño
people (Chavacano/Spanish: Pueblo
Zamboangueño) are a creole ethnic group
of the Philippines and Malaysia
originating in Zamboanga City
(formerly, República de Zamboanga).
The Zamboangueño constitute an
authentic and distinct ethnic identity
because of their coherent cultural and
historical heritage, most notably the Old
Castilian-based creole language
“Chavacano” language, that distinguishes
them from neighbouring ethnic groups.
 THE
BATAK
The Batak is a group
of indigenous Filipino
people that resides in
the northeast portion
of Palawan.
 THE
IGOROTS
The Igorots/Cordillerans
(Apayao, Itneg, Kalinga,
Bontoc, Ifugao, Ibaloi,
Kangkana-ey and
Kalanguya) live in the
highlands of Luzon. They
are primarily located in
the Cordillera
Administrative Region.
 THE
ILONGOT
The Ilongot are a
headhunting
ethnolinguistic nation
found in
the Caraballo
Mountains.
 THE
LUMAD
The Lumad of Mindanao
includes several
ethnolinguistic nations such
as the Manobo, the Tasaday,
the Mamanwa, the Mandaya,
the B'laan, the T'boli, and the
Kalagan. They primarily
inhabit the eastern parts of
Mindanao such as
the Caraga, and Davao
 THE
MANGYAN

The Mangyan
communities are
found in Mindoro.
They are 13% in
the population.
 THE
MOLBOG
The Molbog (referred to in the
literature as Molebugan or
Molebuganon) are concentrated
in Balabak island and are also
found in other islands of the
coast of Palawan as far north as
Panakan. The word Malubog
means "murky or turbid water".
The Molbog are probably a
migrant people from nearby
North Borneo.
 T H E TA G B A N WA S
The Tagbanwas are found in the
western and eastern coastal areas of
central Palawan. Their name means
"people of the world". They are
concentrated in the municipalities of
Aborlan, Quezon and the city
of Puerto Princesa. Two other ethnic
groups called "Tagbanwa" (i.e. the
Central Tagbanwa and the Calamian
Tagbanwa) are from a different
family of languages and should not
be confused the Tagnbanwas.
THANK
YOU!!!