Analytic Geometry

CHAPTER III. The Circle

Prepared by:

DR. SALOME MANUEL

ALMIRA P. SANGIL
PROFESSOR
The Circle
• Definition
• General Equation
• Circle Determine by Three
Condition
• Tangent to a Circle
 The Circle
Definition
A circle •isDefinition
a set of all points in a plane
equidistant from Equation
• General a fixed point called center.
• Circle Determine by Three Condition
• Tangent to a Circle Prepared by:

radius
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tangent

diameter
chord
secant
 The Circle
Standard Equation
r = radius
Where:

(h, k) = center
(x , y) = any point in the circle
• Definition
• General Equation
= by Three Condition
• Circle Determine
-with • Tangent
center (h, k)toand
a Circle
the radius
Prepared by:r is known.
ALMIRA P. SANGIL

=
-with center (0, 0) or origin and the radius r is known.
 The Circle
GENERAL EQUATION
• Definition =
• Generaland
Expanding the equation Equation
rearranging the terms, we get
• Circle Determine by Three Condition
• Tangent to a Circle Prepared by:
ALMIRA P. SANGIL
Let D= , E = and F =
𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝑫𝒙+ 𝑬𝒚 +𝑭 =𝟎
 The
Example: Circle
Find the equation of the circle with center at
• Definition
• Generalequal
( -3, 2) and radius Equationto 3.
• Circle Determine by Three Condition
= • Tangent to a Circle Prepared by:
ALMIRA P. SANGIL
=

Expand and rearranging the terms

𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝟔 𝒙 −𝟒 𝒚 +𝟒=𝟎
 The
Example:
Circle
Determine the equation of the circle with
• Definition
center•• at
General Equation
(2,3) passing through (6,3)
Circle Determine by Three Condition
• Tangent to a Circle Prepared by:
Find r? using distance formula ALMIRA P. SANGIL

d=
 The
Example:
Circle
Determine the equation of the circle with
• Definition
center•• at
General Equation
(2,3) passing through
Circle Determine by Three Condition
(6,3)
d= Prepared by:
• Tangent to a Circle
d= ALMIRA P. SANGIL

d=
d=4
r=4
 The Circle
Determine the equation of the circle with center
at (2,3) passing through (6,3)
• Definition r=4
•= General Equation
• Circle Determine by Three Condition
•= Tangent to a Circle Prepared by:
ALMIRA P. SANGIL
Expand and rearranging the terms
𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 + 𝒚 −𝟒 𝒙 −𝟔 𝒚 −𝟕=𝟎
 The Circle
Circle Determine by Three Condition
=
• Definition
• General Equation
• Circle Determine by Three Condition
We have three arbitrary
• Tangent to aconstant
Circle from each of these two
Prepared by:
equations. It can be recalled from plane geometry that a
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circle can pass through three points which are not on a line.
 The
Example 1 Circle
Find an equation of the circle which passes through the three
points A(3,1), B(5,3) and C(-3,-1).
• Definition
• General Equation
• Circle Determine
(3,1)=by Three Condition
• Tangent to a Circle Prepared by:
(5,3)=
ALMIRA P. SANGIL

(-3,1)=

Using Elimination and Substitution method

D= 6 E = -18 F = -10
2 2
𝑥 + 𝑦 +6 𝑥 − 18 𝑦 −10=0
 Example 2 The Circle
Find an equation of the circle which passes through the three points A(2,3),
B(3,4) and C(-1,2).
• Definition
(2,3)= • General Equation
(3,4)= • Circle Determine by Three Condition
(-1,2)= • Tangent to a Circle Prepared by:
ALMIRA P. SANGIL
Using Elimination and Substitution method
D= 2 E = -14 F = 25
2 2
𝑥 + 𝑦 +2 𝑥 −14 𝑦 −25=0
 The Circle
Tangent to a Circle
Is a line that touches the circle at one point, which is known as Tangency.
At the point of tangency, tangent to a circle is always perpendicular to the
• Definition radius.
• General Equation
• Circle Determine by Three Condition
• Tangent to a Circle Prepared by:
ALMIRA P. SANGIL
Example The Circle
Given a circle at center (-9,6). Determine the equation of
the tangent to the circle at the point (-2, 5)
• Definition
• General Equation
• Circle Determine by Three Condition
• Tangent to a Circle Prepared by:
ALMIRA P. SANGIL
Example The Circle
Find the equation of the circle with center at ( -3,2) and
tangent to 2x -3y - 1 = 0
• Definition
• General Equation
Given: r= by Three Condition
• Circle Determine
h= -3, k= 2, =? • Tangent to a Circle Prepared by:
2x – 3y – 1 = 0
A= 2, B = -3, C= -1
r= ALMIRA P. SANGIL

r= =

=13
 The Circle
• Definition
• General Equation
THANK YOU!!!!
•
•
Circle Determine by Three Condition
Tangent to a Circle Prepared by:
ALMIRA P. SANGIL