Quarter 1 – Module 2:

Identifying the Problem

and Asking the Question
LESSON 1 : Background of the Problem
 Sample Background of the
Problem
GRADE 11 STUDENTS’ LEVEL OF AWARENESS ON THE 3R’S METHOD
IN UTILIZING NON-BIODEGRADABLE WASTE IN LA SALLE
UNIVERSITY
In today’s generation, a lot of problems have been emerging in our society and the
most common problem that humans are facing right now is the environmental
concerns, specifically the solid waste which includes the biodegradable and
nonbiodegradable. Waste can be defined to be as those materials that are no longer
needed at some point. Biodegradable wastes are those that can be easily
decomposed while non-biodegradable wastes are those that cannot be broken and
decomposed in which these will remain stable indefinitely. Moreover, non-
biodegradable wastes bring problems to our environment
PROBLEM
a matter or situation
regarded
as unwelcome or
harmful and needing to
be dealt with and
overcome.
 SOURCE OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
Deductions from
Theory
This relates to deductions
made from social philosophy
or generalizations embodied
in life in society that the
researcher is familiar with.
Interdisciplinary Interviewing
Perspectives Practitioners
The identification of research
A review of pertinent problems about particular topics
literature should include can arise from formal or
informal discussions with
examining research from
practitioners who provide
related disciplines, which can
insight into new directions for
expose you to new avenues of
future research and how to
exploration and analysis. make research findings
increasingly relevant to
practice.
SOURCE OF RESEARCH PROBLEM

Personal Experience
Your everyday experiences can give rise to
worthwhile problems for investigation.
Think critically about your own experiences
and/or frustrations with an issue facing
society, your community, or in your
neighborhood.
 Problem statements or background
of the study have three elements:

The problem itself,

The method of The purpose,
stated clearly and
solving the problem, statement of
with enough
often stated as a objectives and scope
contextual detail to
claim or a working of document the
establish why it is
thesis; writer is preparing.
important;
 Research Problem
A research problem is a statement about an area of concern, a condition to
be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that
exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to the
need for meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation. It is
typically posed in the form of a question.
 The purpose of a problem statement is
to
01 02 03

Introduce the Places the Provides the

reader to the problem into
importance of
framework
a particular for reporting
the topic being
studied. context the results
 What Makes a Good Research
Statement?
a good research NOTE: Do not
problem is one that
Supports confuse a
would generate a research problem
multiple
Compelling perspectives
variety of viewpoints
from a composite
with a research
topic. A topic is
topic audience made up of
something to read
reasonable people.
and obtain
The problem information about
whereas a
chosen must problem is
be one that Choose research
problems that something to
motivates you solve or framed
Researchable can be supported
to address it. as a question that
by the resources must be
available to you. answered.
 Mistakes to Avoid
Beware of circular reasoning. Don’t state that the research
problem as simply the absence of the thing you are suggesting. For
example, if you propose, "The problem in this community is that it
has no hospital."
This only leads to a research problem where:
* The need is for a hospital
* The objective is to create a hospital
* The method is to plan for building a hospital, and
* The evaluation is to measure if there is a hospital or not.
This is an example of a research problem that fails the "so what?" test because it does not reveal
the relevance of why you are investigating the problem of having no hospital in the community [e.g., there's
a hospital in the community ten miles away] and because the research problem does not elucidate
the significance of why one should study the fact that no hospital exists in the community [e.g., that hospital
in the community ten miles away has no emergency room].
 SHORT ASSESMENT

1. a statement about an area of concern, a condition to be

improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling
question that exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or in
practice that points to the need for meaningful
understanding and deliberate investigation.
2. a matter or situation regarded as unwelcome or harmful
and needing to be dealt with and overcome.
3. Give 3 sources of research problem.
 ACTIVITY
Writing Problem Statement
Problem : _________________________________________
Method : __________________________________________
Purpose: __________________________________________
Problem Statement :
 Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Identifying the Problem
and Asking the Question
LESSON 2 : Conceptual Framework
 Conceptual Framework
an analytical tool with several variations and contexts
that can be applied in different categories of work
where an overall picture is needed to come up with the
desired goal. It is necessary to make conceptual and
theoretical distinctions and organize ideas. Strong and
resilient conceptual frameworks capture and
apprehend something real and do this in a way that is
easy to remember and apply.
 How to create a Conceptual
Framework
A conceptual framework is a bit like a recipe or a blueprint. It provides an outline of how you plan
to conduct the research of your thesis, but it goes further than that by also positioning your
work within the larger field of research.

Conduct a Literature Review Create a Flow Chart

Before you can have your research, you Conceptual frameworks are frequently
need to understand and comprehend visual and allow those reading the
what research has already been framework to understand the course of
conducted on your topic of interest and your research.
curiosity. Conducting a literature
review can help you to refine your
central argument or hypothesis.
 How to create a Conceptual
Framework
A conceptual framework is a bit like a recipe or a blueprint. It provides an outline of how you plan
to conduct the research of your thesis, but it goes further than that by also positioning your
work within the larger field of research.

Write a Narrative Return and Revise

Conceptual frameworks don’t have to
include a diagram or graphic. You can
always present the same information
and evidence by writing a narrative.
Your narrative should recap the
variables influencing your research and
explore how they may change the
hypothesis.
As you begin your research, you may
discover that certain elements of your
conceptual framework are no longer
needed. You will discover new
variables, or you may identify that your
hypothesis is incorrect
SAMPLE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
 "Enhancing Computer Software
Servicing Efficiency: A Study of Service
Delivery Models, Customer
Satisfaction, and Technological
Integration"
 "Advancing Precision Medicine:
Integrating Genomic and Proteomic
Approaches for Personalized
Therapeutics in Biomedicine"
 ACTIVITY
My Conceptual Framework
Create a conceptual framework that will show relationship between variables of the study

"Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence

Integration on Organizational Performance: A
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning
Applications in Traditional and Tech-Driven
Industries"
 ACTIVITY
My Conceptual Framework
Create a conceptual framework that will show relationship between variables of the study

"Optimizing Material Selection and Design

Parameters for Enhanced Structural Integrity in
Aerospace Engineering"
 Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Identifying the Problem
and Asking the Question
LESSON 3 : Research Hypothesis
(Quantitative Research)
Research Hypothesis is vital to all research endeavors,
whether qualitative or quantitative, exploratory or
explanatory. In developing a testable research
hypothesis, it takes skill, however, along with careful
attention to how the proposed research method treats
the development and testing of hypotheses. The
hypothesis in your study, you are predicting the
relationship between two variables.
hints for the formulation of your hypothesis.
➢ Be certain to read on the subject matter to explain with it before making a
final decision
➢ As noted, a research hypothesis is more than just a topic. It has two
elements (variables) that are in relation to each other. Your hypothesis is
what you propose to “prove” by your research. As an outcome of your
research, you will arrive at a conclusion, a theory, or understanding that
will be useful or applicable beyond the research itself.
➢ Avoid judgmental and critical words in your hypothesis.
➢ Your hypothesis must involve an issue or question that cannot be answered
exclusively by the discipline of law.
➢ Be certain that each term if your hypothesis is clearly understood and
defined,
do not deal in generalities or assume that the reader knows the meaning of
the technical term.
➢ Specify, if appropriate, whether you will be dealing with state or federal law
or
both on a comparative basis if appropriate.
➢ Know that your hypothesis may change over time as your research
progresses.
You must obtain the teacher’s approval of your hypothesis, as
well as any modifications to your hypothesis, before
proceeding with any work on the topic.

You will be expressing your hypothesis in 3 ways:

➢ As a one-sentence hypothesis.
➢ As a research question.
➢ As a title for your paper
You must obtain the teacher’s approval of your hypothesis, as
well as any modifications to your hypothesis, before
proceeding with any work on the topic.

You will be expressing your hypothesis in 3 ways:

➢ As a one-sentence hypothesis.
➢ As a research question.
➢ As a title for your paper
 Group Activity
Choose and problem/issue/concern, from the chosen
problem formulate a question and a hypothesis then
conduct a small-scale research study to test the
formulated hypotheses. This could involve
designing an experiment, collecting data, and
analyzing the results to determine whether the
hypothesis is supported or not.
 Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Identifying the Problem
and Asking the Question
LESSON 4 : Statement of the Problem
 Writing a Statement of the Problem
After identifying a research problem, the next step is to
write a problem statement. It has to be concise and
concrete. Writing a problem statement can help the
researcher put the topic in context and have a deeper
understanding of its significance. A problem statement
may be written in several paragraphs or in several
sentences incorporated in the introduction.
 Writing a Statement of the Problem
Problem statement should address the relevance of the research: why is it important to resolve
the problem. The problem statement need not lay world changing impact. What is
important is that the problem statement should lay how you intend to address the problem.
Your goal should not be to find a conclusive solution, but to seek out the reasons behind the
problem and propose more effective approaches to understanding it. You may start with the
following phrases:

a) The aim of this study is to determine…

b) This project aims to explore…
c) I aim to investigate…
 Writing a Statement of the Problem
Problem statement should address the relevance of the research: why is it important to resolve
the problem. The problem statement need not lay world changing impact. What is
important is that the problem statement should lay how you intend to address the problem.
Your goal should not be to find a conclusive solution, but to seek out the reasons behind the
problem and propose more effective approaches to understanding it. You may start with the
following phrases:

a) The aim of this study is to determine…

b) This project aims to explore…
c) I aim to investigate…
 "Exploring the Impact of Social Media Influencers on
Consumer Purchase Decisions: A Cross-Cultural Study"

Research Questions:
1.How do social media influencers influence consumer purchase decisions across
different cultural contexts?
2.What factors contribute to the effectiveness of social media influencer marketing in
influencing consumer behavior?
3.To what extent do demographic variables such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status
moderate the influence of social media influencers on consumer purchasing decisions?
4.What are the perceptions and attitudes of consumers towards sponsored content created
by social media influencers?
5.How do different types of products or services vary in their susceptibility to influence
by social media influencers?
 Activity
Write a statement of the problem based from
the titles below, write 3 specific questions
1. "Navigating the Digital Landscape: Understanding the Role of Social Media Influencers in Shaping
Consumer Behavior"
2. "Unraveling the Influence: Investigating the Impact of Social Media Influencers on Consumer
Decision-Making Processes"
3. "Beyond Likes and Shares: A Multifaceted Examination of Social Media Influencer Marketing on
Consumer Purchasing Behavior"
4. "Cultural Lens on Influencer Marketing: Exploring Cross-Cultural Variations in the Effectiveness of
Social Media Influencers"
5. "From Followers to Buyers: An Analysis of the Mechanisms Through Which Social Media Influencers
Influence Consumer Purchase Intentions"