MSK(101-1)

Academic year: 2022/2023

ANATOMY DEPARTMENT
Pectoral Region
Prof. Dr. Hayam Elsaady Farhoud
Muscles of the pectoral region
 Pectoralis major muscle
- It is the most superficial muscle &It is fan shaped.
 Pectoralis major muscle

Origin: 1. Clavicular head: from the

medial 1/2 of the anterior surface of the
clavicle
2. Sternocostal head: from half
of the anterior surface of the sternum ,
upper 6 costal cartilages and from
External oblique aponeurosis
Insertion:
into the lateral lip of bicipital groove.
By bilaminar tendon
Nerve supply: medial and lateral pectoral nerves.

Action:1- The clavicular head, flexes the arm at

the shoulder joint.
2- The sternocostal head, bring the
flexed arm to the resting position. In
climbing ,pulls the body upward
3- The 2 heads produce adduction , NB: 2 heads of origin,
2 (bilaminar) tendon of insertion and
flextion and medial rotation of the arm. 2 nerve supply
RELATIONS OF PECTORALIS MAJOR
The pectoralis major lies over the
1-pectoralis minor
2-the clavipectoral fascia
3-separated from the deltoid by the delto-pectoral groove which lodges the cephalic vein
4-deltoid branch of thoraco-acromial artery
5-delto-pectoral lymph nodes.
Pectoralis minor muscle
- The pectoralis minor lies underneath
pectoralis major.
Origin: from the 3 rd to the 5 th ribs
close to their costal cartilages.
Insertion: into the medial border and
upper surface of coracoid process of the
scapula.
Nerve supply: medial and lateral
pectoral nerves.
Action:
1. It pulls the shoulder downwards
and forwards in pushing (It draws
the scapula downwards and
forwards, i.e. it protracts the
scapula. In addition, the muscle
depresses the point of the shoulder).
2. It elevates the 3 rd to 5 th ribs
when the shoulder is fixed.
Relation of pectoralis minor
-lies underneath pectoralis major.
-It bridges over the axillary artery and related cords of brachial plexus.
-lateral pectoral nerve passing above the muscle.
-medial pectoral nerve piercing the muscle.
-lateral thoracic artery and pectoral group of axillary lymph nodes, along the lower border of the muscle.
Subclavius M.- It is a small muscle that lies directly underneath the clavicle.
Origin: from the junction of the first rib and its costal cartilages.
Insertion: into the groove on the inferior surface of the middle 1/3 of the clavicle.
Nerve supply: nerve to subclavius (from upper trunk of brachial plexus)
Action: depresses the clavicle and steadies it during movement of the shoulder girdle.
Pectoral Fascia: is a strong
sheet of connective tissue
that lies deep to pectoralis
major muscle.
1-Axillary fascia: forms
the floor of the axilla
2-Clavipectoral fascia : lies
deep to the clavicular
head of pectoralis major
muscle.
-Clavipectoral fascia is attached to:
Superiorly: divides into 2 layers which surround the subclavius muscle and attaches to the lips
of the groove for subclavius on the inferior surface of the clavicle.
In the middle: divided into 2 layers to surround pectoralis minor muscle.
In the lower part: attached to the fascial floor of the axilla and called suspensory ligament of the axilla.
Medially: attached to the 1st and 2nd costal cartilages and the anterior intercostal membrane between them.
Laterally: attached to coracoid process and coraco-clavicular ligament.
NB: Just below the subclavius the fascia is especially thickened to form the costo-coracoid ligament which
extends along the lower border of the subclavius, from the 1st rib medially to the coracoid process laterally.
The clavipectoral fascia is pierced by (CaLL)
1-- Cephalic vein
2- Thoracoacromial artery.
3- Lateral pectoral nerve
4- Lymph vessels, from the infraclavicular lymph
nodes.
Function:
I) It protects the contents of the axilla by filling the
interval between the clavicle and pectoralis minor
muscle.
2) The suspensory ligament of the axilla raises the
floor of the axilla during abduction of the arm