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Asuhan keperawatan
Pada Pasien Ny. S
dengan CKD (Chronic
kindney Disease)
et Causa Hipertensi dan
Hemodialisa
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Pengertian Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Gagal ginjal yaitu ginjal kehilangan kemampuannya untuk

mempertahankan volume dan komposisi cairan tubuh dalam keadaan

asupan makanan normal ( Huda Nurarif dan Kusuma, 2019). Gagal

ginjal kronis (Chronic Renal Failure) adalah kerusakan ginjal progresif

yang berakibat fatal dan ditandai dengan uremia (urea dan limbah

nitrogen lainnya yang beredar dalam darah serta komplikasinya jika

tidak dilakukan dialisis atau transplantasi ginjal) (Nursalam, 2021).

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Etiologi Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Menurut (Price dan Wilson, 2019) klasifikasi penyebab gagal ginjal kronik

adalah sebagai berikut :

1. Penyakit infeksi tubulointerstitial: Pielonefritis kronik atau refluks nefropati
2. Penyakit peradangan: Glomerulonefritis.
3. Penyakit vaskuler hipertensif: Nefrosklerosis benigna, Nefrosklerosis maligna, Stenosis
arteria renalis.
4. Gangguan jaringan ikat: Lupus eritematosus sistemik, poliarteritis nodosa, sklerosis sistemik
progresif .
5. Gangguan congenital dan herediter: Penyakit ginjal polikistik, asidosis tubulus ginjal.
6. Penyakit metabolik: Diabetes mellitus, gout, hiperparatiroidisme, amiloidosis
7. Nefropati toksik: Penyalahgunaan analgesi, nefropati timah.
8. Nefropati obstruktif: Traktus urinarius bagian atas (batu/calculi, neoplasma, fibr
retroperitineal), traktus urinarius bawah (hipertropi prostat, striktur uretra, anomaly conge
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