11TH

GRADE

PLANE AND SOLID

MENSURATION:
PLANE FIGURES AND ITS
PROPERTIES
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

01 02 03
IMPORTANT
DEFINITION OF
DIFFERENCES TERMS IN
MENSURATION
BETWEEN 2D MENSURATION
AND 3D SHAPES
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

04 05 06
FORMULA FOR
AREA OF
2D SHAPES
POLYGON/ APPLICATION
APOTHEM
 01

DEFINITION OF
MENSURATION

PLANE AND SOLID MENSURATION

 Mensuration is a branch of mathematics
which deals with the lengths of lines, areas
of surfaces and volumes of solids. Plane
Mensuration deals with the sides, perimeters
and areas of plane figures of different
shapes. Solid Mensuration deals with the
areas and volumes of solid objects.
 02
DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN 2D AND
3D SHAPES
PLANE AND SOLID MENSURATION
 2D AND 3D SHAPES
2D shapes 3D shapes
If a shape is surrounded by three or more If a shape is surrounded by a no. of
straight lines in a plane, then it is a 2D surfaces or planes then it is a 3D shape.
shape.
These shapes have no depth or height. These are also called solid shapes and
unlike 2D they have height or depth.

These shapes have only two dimensions These are called Three dimensional as
say length and breadth. they have depth (or height), breadth and
length.
We can measure their area and We can measure their volume, curved
Perimeter. surface area, lateral surface area, total
surface area.
 03

IMPORTANT TERMS
IN MENSURATION
PLANE AND SOLID MENSURATION
 Area (A)

The area is called the

surface occupied by a defined
closed region. It is defined by
the letter A and expresses in a
square unit.
 Perimeter (P)

The total length of the boundary

of a figure. It is determined of only
two – dimensional shapes or
figures. It is the continuous line
along the edge of the closed vessel.
It is represented by P.
 Volume (V)
the width of the space contained
in a three – dimensional closed shape
or surface, such that, the area by a
room or cylinder. It is denoted by the
alphabet V and the standard unit of
volume is cubic meter.
 Curved Surface Area (CSA)

It is the area of the only

curved surface, ignoring the
base and the top such as
sphere or a circle.
 Lateral Surface Area (LSA)

It is the total area of all of a

given figure’s lateral surfaces.
 Square unit
one square unit is simple the one
– unit square area. When we quantify
some surface area, we relate to the
sides of one block square in order to
know how many of these units will fit
in the figure given.
 Cubic unit
one cubic unit is the one –unit
volume filled by a side cube. When we
calculate the volume of any number,
we actually refer to this cube of side
one – unit and how many these
component cubes will fit in the defined
closed form.
 04
MENSURATION
FORMULA FOR 2D
SHAPES
PLANE AND SOLID MENSURATION
Area of a regular polygon = pa,
where p is the perimeter and a is an
apothem.
Apothem – a line segment from
the center of a polygon to the
midpoint of one of its side.
 11TH
GRADE

PLANE AND SOLID

MENSURATION:
SOLID MENSURATION
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

01 02 03
DEFINITION OF
FORMULA EXAMPLES
TERMS
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

04 05 06
FORMULA FOR
AREA OF
2D SHAPES
POLYGON/ APPLICATION
APOTHEM
 01

DEFINITION OF
TERMS

PLANE AND SOLID MENSURATION

 A solid is any limited
portion of space,
bounded by surfaces.
 A section of a solid is
the plane figure cut from
the solid by passing a
plane through it.
EXAMPLES OF SOLID FIGURES
A solid formed by polygons that enclose a
single region of space is called a polyhedron.
 Polygonal region (flat surface) = face

 Intersection of 2 faces = edge

 Intersection of 3+ edges = vertex

Polyhedrons are classified by the # of faces:
[Insert Greek prefix for # of faces]-hedron
Regular polyhedrons: They are called platonic figures.
Prisms are classified by their bases.
Pyramids are also classified by their bases.
Parts of some solid figures
 Volume is the measure of the
amount of space contained in a solid,
measured in cubic units. This is simply
the number of unit cubes that can be
arranged to completely fill the space
within a figure.
.
 02

FORMULA

PLANE AND SOLID MENSURATION

Find the area
Find the area
FIND THE AREA
SA = ?
V=?
V=?
 06

APPLICATION

PLANE AND SOLID MENSURATION

 PROBLEM 1
One of the internal angles of
the rhombus is 120° and the shorter
diagonal is 3.4 meters long. Find the
perimeter of the rhombus.
 PROBLEM 2

A concrete beam is to rest on two

concrete pillars. The beam is a cuboid with
sides of length 0.5m, 3m and 0.4m. The
pillars have diameter 0.4m and height 2m.
Calculate the total volume of concrete
needed to make the beam and the pillars.
 PROBLEM 3
A trapezoid ABCD has the
bases length of a = 120 mm, c
= 86 mm and the area A = 2,575
mm2. Find the height of the
trapezoid.
 PROBLEM 4
The diagram shows the cross-section of a pipe of length
50 cm. The inner diameter of the pipe is 20 cm and the outer
diameter is 30 cm.

a. Calculate the volume of metal needed to make the pipe.

b. Calculate the total surface area of the pipe, including the
inside surface.
 PROBLEM 5
Find the area of the
figure ABCDEFG (See
Figure) in which ABCG is
a rectangle, AB = 3 cm,
BC = 5 cm, GF = 2.5 cm
= DE = CF., CD = 3.5 cm,
EF = 4.5 cm, and CD ||
EF.
 PROBLEM 6
A cylinder has a diameter of 12 cm and a
curved surface area of 132π or 415 cm².

a. Determine the height of the cylinder.

b. Calculate the volume of the cylinder,

giving your answer to the nearest cm³.