GENERAL

PHYSICS 2
LESSON 4
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 Electric
Potential
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  Discuss the relationship

OBJECTIVES:
between work and potential
energy.
 Relate the concept of electric
potential to work, potential
energy, and electric field.
 Compute the electric potential
at a given distance from a
source charge.
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 WORK AND
POTENTIAL ENERGY
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 POTENTIAL ENERGY
is one of the many forms of energy. It is
the energy of a body due to its position
and normally converted into useful
work. And it is known as the energy at
rest.
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 GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY

A type of potential energy, is due to a body’s

elevation from the ground. A body placed
higher above the ground can do greater work
as it moves downward from its initial
position.
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 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
It is the amount of electric potential
energy per unit charge. This is
equivalent to the amount of work
needed to move a charge from one
reference point to another.
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 Electric potential is mathematically
described using this equation:
𝒌𝑸
𝑽 𝑬=
𝒓
- electric potential
- Coulomb’s constant
- source charge
- distance from the source charge
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 The unit used to measure electric
potential is volt (V).
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 #1 Example:

Compute the electric potential from

a source charge of if a test charge
will be placed from it.
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 #1 Solution:
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 #2 Example:

How much is the electric

potential from the
source charge if a test charge will
be placed from it.
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 Electrical Potential Due to a Point Charge
1. The potential of infinity is defined to be zero.
2. If a point charge is positive, the electric
potential of the charge is positive. When moving
a charge from infinity to this point, the electric
potential increases above a zero level.
3. If a point charge is negative, the electric
potential of the charge negative. When moving a
charge from infinity to this point, the electric
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energy decreases below a zero level.

 Equipotential Lines

• are loops drawn around a charge to

represent the electric potential around
it. These are drawn perpendicular to
each electric field line.
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 Equipotential Surface
• An equipotential surface is one on which
all points are at the same potential. The
potential difference between any two
points on an equipotential surface is zero;
there is no work done to move a charge
between two points.
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 Characteristics of Equipotential Surfaces
1. No work is done to move a charge
between two points on the same
equipotential surface.
2. Electric filed lines are perpendicular to
equipotential surface.
3. The surface of a conductor is an
equipotential surface.
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 APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRIC
POTENTIAL
• Electron Guns in CRT TV Picture Tubes
• Van de Graaff Generators
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