Sports injuries

Prepared:
student of the III course
PTE-201
Selinna Diana
 Injury - causes
Injury always occurs with unusual load. These can be external reasons: too much
weight, fast speed, sharp deceleration of the projectile or movement at a greater
amplitude than usual. Or it can be internal causes: weakening of structures by
stress or malnutrition, cold ligaments and muscles. Whatever causes injury, be
sure: the cause is the load mode.
The main cause of injuries are external
damage to the ligaments and joints. The
reason is especially popular among those
who play several sports at once or lead a
very active lifestyle.

An unfortunate fall or sudden acceleration

that locks a limb or hits something can lead
to sports injuries that you may not even feel
right away.
A person can very quickly add training weights on the projectiles and this will cause
stretching of the tendons and ligaments. You need to understand that muscles can
progress much faster than ligaments.

Especially in the case when you give all your attention to training muscle fibers, and
not ligaments. I note that classic bodybuilding training (especially pumping
training) does just that.
The next most common cause of injury is poor warm-up. A person neglects a quality
warm-up in order to save more strength for heavy approaches.

This tactic is not very smart. Because poorly heated muscles are weaker, and
ligaments are less elastic and can be deformed even from the usual weights and
amplitude.
 Types of the most common injuries in sports

 Heads and faces. Bruises and wounds,

craniocerebral injuries. Especially typical for
boxing, as well as for hockey and motorsport.

 Shoulder. For sports such as discus throwing and shot

put, bodybuilding (especially amateur) are
characterized by dislocations of the shoulder joint,
muscle strain.

 Elbow. Injuries of the elbow joint are observed in

many athletes: tennis players, golfers, judokas.
Most often, cases of ulnar bursitis, medial and
lateral epicondylitis are recorded - there are even
informal names for them: "golfer's elbow" and
"tennis player's elbow".
 Wrists. Dislocations and sprains of the wrist are
common among basketball and volleyball
players, as well as rowers. Finger injuries and
ligament ruptures of the thumb are observed in
boxers, skiers.

 Spine. Diseases of the spinal column

can be caused by both falls and
bumps, as well as systematic
overexertion. Gymnasts, divers, as
well as motorcycle and race car
drivers (in case of accidents) are at
the highest risk of injury.
 Ankle. This type of injury is most common among soccer and volleyball players. Almost
no match is complete without the athlete not getting sprained or severely bruised due to a
blow or fall.

 Foot. Ski boot compression syndrome is a specific disease of skiers and biathletes,
but sprains of the tendons of the ankle joint are skiing, running, weightlifting. In
addition to bursitis and epicondylitis of the elbow joint, sports doctors record cases
of dislocations and fractures of the knee joints (in football players, skiers, hockey
players), shoulder joints (in those involved in tennis, golf, baseball).
 The nature of sports injuries

1. Primary, that is, received for the first time; caused by overloads. Due to constant excessive
loads on certain tendons, joints, spine, ruptures, fractures, and displacement of the vertebrae
may occur;

2. Repeated, when an athlete is injured in the same place (for example, torn knee muscles) two
or more times. Repeated injuries are dangerous because they can lead to chronic diseases;

3. Acute, arising simultaneously due to external influences or internal damage;

4. Chronic, developing gradually, often due to repeated injury or constant excessive loads that
cause stress to the body.
 Treatment of sports injuries
Even if the injury was not received at competitions or training, you should
immediately consult a doctor. Timely medical care will allow not only to minimize
the consequences of damage, but also to avoid future re-injury and the occurrence of
diseases that cannot be treated.

In severe cases, with complex injuries, surgical intervention is indicated (for example,
with complex fractures, meniscus ruptures, spinal injuries). But, fortunately, there are
fewer such situations in practice than those that require conservative treatment.

Non-surgical treatment usually includes

immobilization of the injured limb (if necessary), a
course of drug therapy (this includes the use of all
pharmacological agents: from ointments to
injections). Then comes the rehabilitation period,
during which various physiotherapy measures, a
special diet and regimen, massage, exercise
therapy are carried out, and then light workouts
and psychotherapeutic classes are prescribed.
Thank you for your attention!
Be healthy and happy!