INTRODUCTION TO

PROGRAMMING
BASIC INTRO
 DEFINITION

• Programming is writing computer code to create a

program, to solve a problem
• Programming is the process of creating a set of instructions
that tell a computer how to perform a task. Programming
can be done using a variety of computer programming
languages, such as JavaScript, Python, and C++.
EASY PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
WHAT IS JAVA AND WHY IT IS USED?

• One of the most widely used programming languages, Java

is used as the server-side language for most back-end
development projects, including those involving big data and
Android development. Java is also commonly used for
desktop computing, other mobile computing, games, and
numerical computing.
 HTML

•Html: (Hypertext Markup Language)

•is used to structure a web page and its content
•a list of bulleted points, or using images and data tables
•HTML is perhaps one of the easiest front-end
programming languages to master. So if you want to learn
HTML, then go for it! With patience and practice, you'll learn
to make the most of this popular language.
Adobe Dreamweaver, Free make Video Converter
 PYTHON

• Python is a computer programming language often used to

build websites and software, automate tasks, and conduct
data analysis. Python is a general purpose language, meaning
it can be used to create a variety of different programs and
isn't specialized for any specific problems.
• Examples:
Instagram
Amazon : Amazon (Amazon.com) is the world's largest
online retailer and a prominent cloud service provider.
Uber
Netflix
 TASK AUTOMATION

• Task automation is the use of software to reduce the manual

handling of simple tasks or a series of more complex tasks
with the goal of making processes more efficient and
employees more productive.
• sorting emails.,,, Paying Bills,,, Sending Emails,,,SMS
• Converting image files.
• need a couple of clicks the next time you have to make an
Excel reporting.
• Alert when an item needs an approval
• adding item details to reports and dashboards.
 TASK AUTOMATION

• Automated material handling systems use computerized

devices and robots instead of human labor to move, lift, pull,
push, store, and retrieve products. Some examples
include heavy equipment box lifts, pallet lifting devices,
and industrial lifting devices
 DATA ANALYSIS

• Data analysis is defined as a process of cleaning,

transforming, and modeling data to discover useful
information for business decision-making. The purpose of
Data Analysis is to extract useful information from data and
taking the decision based upon the data analysis
• Data cleaning is the process of preparing data for analysis
by removing or modifying data that is incorrect,
incomplete, irrelevant, duplicated, or improperly
formatted
8 WAYS TO CLEAN DATA USING DATA
CLEANING TECHNIQUES
• Get Rid of Extra Spaces.
• Select and Treat All Blank Cells.
• Convert Numbers Stored as Text into Numbers.
• Remove Duplicates.
• Highlight Errors.
• Change Text to Lower/Upper/Proper Case.
• Spell Check.
• Delete all Formatting.
 DATA TRANSFORMATION

• Data transformation is the process of converting data from

one format to another. The most common data
transformations are converting raw data into a clean and
usable form, converting data types, removing duplicate data,
and enriching(improve) the data to benefit an organization.
• Raw Data Example:
• Every second of footage recorded by a security camera
overnight
 DATA MODELING

• Data Modeling is the process of analyzing the data objects

and their relationship to the other objects. It is used to
analyze the data requirements that are required for the
business processes. The data models are created for the data to
be stored in a database.
• Online Shopping App
• Simple Library System
• Hotel Reservation System
PYTHON
WHAT ARE PROGRAMMING SKILLS?

• Coding skills, also known as programming skills, refer to the

art of using various programming languages to write
commands, instructing a computer, application, or
software program about the actions it must perform and
how.
 WHAT IS PROGRAMMING AND ITS USES?

• Programming languages, like human languages, are defined

through the use of syntactic and semantic rules, to determine
structure and meaning respectively. Programming languages
are used to facilitate communication about the task of
organizing and manipulating information, and to express
algorithms precisely.
• syntax refers to grammar, while semantics refers to
meaning. Syntax is the set of rules needed to ensure a
sentence is grammatically correct
• semantics is grammatical structure, elements of a sentence
 OPERATING SYSTEM

• An Operating System (OS) is an interface between a

computer user and computer hardware. An operating
system is a software which performs all the basic tasks like
file management, memory management, process management,
handling input and output, and controlling devices such as disk
drives and printers.
 5 OPERATING SYSTEM

For the most part, the IT industry largely focuses on the top five
Oss (operations support system), including
Apple macOS,(Macintosh)
Microsoft Windows,
Google's Android OS,
Linux Operating System,
Apple iOS
 MICROSOFT WINDOWS

• Microsoft Windows (also referred to as Windows or Win) is a

graphical operating system developed and published by
Microsoft. It provides a way to store files, run software, play
games, watch videos, and connect to the Internet. Microsoft
Windows was first introduced with version 1.0 on November
10, 1983.
• Windows is the operating system; Microsoft Office is a
program.
 PRODUCT OF MICROSOFT

• Microsoft Teams. Microsoft Teams is the ultimate messaging app for your
organization—a workspace for real-time collaboration and
communication, meetings, file and app sharing, and even the occasional
emoji! All in one place, all in the open, all accessible to everyone.
• Word.
• Excel.
• PowerPoint.
• Outlook. usiness Outlook Surveys are qualitative surveys to track the
current economic situation and to forecast short-term trends. Business
Outlook Surveys are conducted among company chiefs or among households.
• One Note. OneNote is a digital notebook that automatically saves and
syncs your notes as you work.
• OneDrive.(Personal cloud Storage)
 APPLE MACOS

• What is Apple's latest operating system?

macOS 12.0 Monterey
What's the difference between iOS and macOS?
The major difference between the macOS(Macintosh
Operating System) and iOS (iPhone Operating System) is the
interface and the framework. The macOS is a computer-
based and mouse-keyboard operating system, whereas the iOS
is a touch screen interfacing operating system. The application
framework in iOS is the UIKit, and the macOS uses the AppKit.
INTERFACE AND THE FRAMEWORK

• In computing, an interface is a shared boundary across which

two or more separate components of a computer system
exchange information. The exchange can be between software,
computer hardware, peripheral devices, humans, and
combinations of these.
• keyboards, menus used for communication between you and the
computer.
• computer mouse.
• remote control, virtual reality, ATMs,
• a framework may include predefined classes and functions that
can be used to process input, manage hardware devices, and
interact with system software.
 UI KIT , APP KIT

• A UI kit is a tool that allows designers to follow a modular

approach to building a product
• AppKit contains all the objects you need to implement the
user interface for a macOS app—windows, panels, buttons,
menus, scrollers, and text fields—and it handles all the details
for you as it efficiently draws on the screen, communicates
with hardware devices and screen buffers, clears areas of the
screen before
HOW MANY TYPES OF WINDOWS IN
COMPUTER

Name Codename Version

Windows 7 Windows 7 NT 6.1
Windows 8 Windows 8 NT 6.2
Windows 8.1 Blue NT 6.3
Windows 10
Threshold 1 NT 10.0
version 1507
 WHICH MACOS VERSION IS THE
LATEST?
• macOS
• Latest version
• macOS Monterey
• 12.3
• macOS Big Sur
• 11.6.5
• macOS Catalina

• 10.15.7
• macOS Mojave
• 10.14.6
• macOS High Sierra
• 10.13.6
• macOS Sierra
• 10.12.6
• OS X El Capitan
• 10.11.6
 WHICH MACOS VERSION IS THE
LATEST?
• OS X Yosemite
• 10.10.5
• OS X Mavericks
• 10.9.5
• OS X Mountain Lion
• 10.8.5
• OS X Lion
• 10.7.5
• Mac OS X Snow Leopard
• 10.6.8
• Mac OS X Leopard
• 10.5.8
• Mac OS X Tiger
• 10.4.11
• Mac OS X Panther
• 10.3.9
• Mac OS X Jaguar
• 10.2.8
• Mac OS X Puma
• 10.1.5
• Mac OS X Cheetah
• 10.0.4
 ASSIGNMENT 1

• What are the four types of programming language?

• Procedural Programming Language.
• Functional Programming Language.
• Scripting Programming Language.
• Logic Programming Language.
• Object-Oriented Programming Language.
 PROCEDURAL PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE
• A procedural language is a type of computer programming
language that specifies a series of well-structured steps and
procedures within its programming context to compose a
program. It contains a systematic order of statements,
functions and commands to complete a computational task or
program.
• Example: Procedural Programming is the use of code in a
step-wise procedure to develop applications. For example,
to develop a simple Bank Account App procedurally: Creating
an account for an individual ( account ) Getting an account to
deposit or withdraw funds ( get Account , deposit , withdraw )
 FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE
• Functional programming languages are specially designed to
handle symbolic computation and list processing applications.
Functional programming is based on mathematical functions.
• Python is not a strictly functional programming language.
But it is trivial to write Python in a functional style.
 SCRIPTING PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE
• Scripting languages are a specific kind of computer languages
that you can use to give instructions to other software, such as
a web browser, server, or standalone application. Many of
today's most popular coding languages are scripting
languages, such as JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python, and
several
 LOGIC PROGRAMMING

• Logic Programming is a method that computer scientists are

using to try to allow machines to reason because it is useful
for knowledge representation. In logic programming, logic is
used to represent knowledge and inference is used to
manipulate it.
 OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE.
• Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a computer
programming model that organizes software design
around data, or objects, rather than functions and logic.
An object can be defined as a data field that has unique
attributes and behavior.
• Java, Python, C++, Lisp, and Perl are all examples of
popular object-oriented programming languages. They support
programming using the classes and objects