Web Hosting

• Web hosting is an online service that enables you to publish your

website or web application on the Internet.
• When you sign up for a web hosting service, you basically rent some
space on a physical server where you can store all the files and data
necessary for your website to work properly.
• When you decide to start a new website, you need to find a web
hosting provider that will supply you with that server space.
• Your web host stores all your files, assets, and databases on the server.
• Whenever someone types your domain name into the address bar of
their browser, your host transfers all the files necessary to serve that
request.
• You need to choose a hosting plan that best fits your needs. In fact, it
works similarly to housing rentals — you have to pay the rent
regularly in order to keep the server running continuously.
• you don’t even need any programming knowledge to perform regular
site management tasks.
• For instance, you can upload HTML and other files to the server,
install content management systems such as WordPress or Drupal,
access your database, and create backups for your site with ease.
• Besides providing server space for your website, Web Hosting
Provider also provides other services related to website management,
such as:
• SSL certificates
• Email hosting and page builders
• Developer tools
• 24/7 customer support service
• Automated website backups
• One-click software installs for WordPress or Drupal and much more
 Types of Web Hosting
• Most web hosts offer different types of hosting so that they can serve
the needs of different clients — whether you want to build a simple
personal web site or business web site . The most popular options
available:
• Shared hosting
• VPS hosting
• Cloud hosting
• Dedicated hosting
• Collocated hosting
• It’s the best to start small and when your site reaches higher traffic
numbers, upgrade to a more advanced type of plan.
 Shared Hosting
• In shared hosting, multiple websites are hosted on a single server.
• All the websites on that server share resources; and each website is
assigned a limited amount of total server resource which is defined by
their hosting plan.
• It is an economical way for small businesses to create a web site.
• Linux Shared Hosting and Windows Shared Hosting are several types
of Shared Hosting solutions and is provided as an option by almost
every Web Hosting provider.
• Your choice between Windows and Linux entirely depends on the kind of
coding language and development platform you will use for your website.
• For example, for ASP.NET websites you will need to opt for Windows
Shared Hosting.
• In a shared web hosting, a server is partitioned to host multiple accounts
for different customers. Every customer manages their separate websites,
emails, and databases. However, the server resources and costs are shared
by all.
• Websites hosted on the server share all its resources, such as memory,
computing power, disk space, and others.
• Shared hosting is cost-effective.
• No technical maintenance by client
• Shared Hosting products come with built-in web hosting panels. We
offer cPanel with Linux Shared Hosting and Plesk with Windows
Shared Hosting. These panels help you effortlessly to manage your
websites, DNS settings, email settings, etc.
• Shared Hosting is the ideal platform for running small to medium
sized websites. These could include anything from small blogs to full-
fledged dynamic websites for companies.
• if your business has the potential to grow big, involves payments or
secure information on your website, you should consider upgrading.
Pros and Cons of Shared Hosting
Pros
• Low cost, excellent for small online business websites
• No need for specific technical knowledge
• Pre-configured server options
• User-friendly control panel
• Maintenance and server administration is taken cared for you
Cons
• Little or no control over server configuration
• Traffic surges on other websites can slow down your website
Virtual Private Server (VPS)
• In this hosting, web host allocates an entirely separate partition for you
on that serve .This means you get a dedicated server space and a
reserved amount of resources and memory.
• You are still sharing a server with other users.
• In fact, VPS hosting can be great for medium-sized businesses with a
rapidly growing number of websites and traffic.
• VPS hosting can be good for medium-sized businesses with a rapidly
growing number of websites and traffic.
• Pros
• Dedicated server space
• Traffic surges on other websites have no effect on your performance
• Root access to the server
• Easy scalability and high customizability
• Cons
• More expensive than other types of hosting
• Technical and server management knowledge is a must
Cloud hosting
• Cloud hosting is currently the most reliable solution on the market.
With cloud hosting.
• Web host provides a cluster of servers — files and resources are
replicated on each server.
• When one of the cloud servers is busy or encounters a problem, traffic
is automatically routed to another server in the cluster.
• This results in little to no downtime, which is excellent if you own a
very busy website.
• Pros
• Little to no downtime
• Server failures have no effect on your website
• Allocates resources on demand
• Pay-as-you-pricing strategy — you only pay for what you use
• More scalable than other web hosting types
• Cons
• Hard to estimate the actual costs
• Root access is not always provided
Dedicated hosting
• Dedicated hosting means that you have your own physical server that’s
dedicated solely to your website.
• Therefore, you’re given incredible flexibility over how you want to
manage your website.
• Configure your server as you wish, choose the operating system and
software you want to use, and set up the whole hosting environment
according to your own needs.
• In fact, renting a dedicated server is just as powerful as owning your own
on-site server, but comes with the professional support of your web host.
Usually, this is more oriented towards large online businesses that deal
with heavy traffic.
• Pros
• Full control over server configuration
• High reliability and security options
• Root access to your server

• Cons
• High cost, more oriented towards larger businesses
• Technical and server management knowledge is a must
Collocated Hosting
• A collocated server is owned by the user and is housed in a secure
facility with an uninterruptible power supply, internet connectivity,
and increased security features.
Domain Name Registration
• You register your domain name through a domain name registrar (or
partner site)
• To register your domain name, enter your preferred domain into the
search form. Check that it hasn't already been registered by
somebody else.
If the domain is not available, try again using an alternative name.
• If the domain is available, continue to checkout.
Private Registration
• You must supply up to date contact details. Domain name registrars
won't let you register a domain name without providing these details.
• Private domain registration ensures that your details are hidden from
public view.
• Without a private registration, anyone can see the details of a domain
registrant by using the (publicly available) "WHOIS" database.
• If you register a domain name as a private registration, your details
are replaced with a proxy company.
Who is the Worldwide Authority for Domain
Names?
• The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is
the organization responsible for top-level domains(TLD).
• ICANN operates the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) and
is in charge of maintaining the DNS root zone.
• Domain name registrars are companies accredited by ICANN or by a
national ccTLD(country code TLD) authority to register Internet
domain names. These companies are often web hosting companies
who offer a range of website-related services.
Update your DNS
• Once you've registered your domain name, it will usually point to a
placeholder page hosted with your web host or domain name registrar.
• You need to update your domain name's "DNS records" to point to the IP
address of your new website.
• Your hosting provider will provide you with your website's IP address when
you first establish your account with them.
• Your domain name registrar will provide you with a control panel to update
the DNS records.

Note: If you change hosting providers, you simply update your DNS records to
point to the new IP address of your website.
• What is a Nameserver?
• A nameserver, also referred to as “name server,” is a server designed
to translate domain names into IP addresses. It handles queries from
clients, like a computer or tablet, about the location of a domain name
and its services on the DNS servers.
• Any server that has DNS software can be considered a nameserver.
But the term is commonly used to refer to a hosting provider’s web
server where it manages and maintains the domain names for their
customers.
• DNS is frequently referred to as the phone book of the internet. DNS
is composed of nameservers that connect IP addresses to domain
names, which saves us from memorizing strings of numbers when we
want to visit our favorite website.
• When you type in a URL, like example.com, the URL gets broken up
into sections. The “.com” takes it to a top-level domain
(TLD) nameserver, which then points the query to the nameserver that
contains “example.” Then that information is brought back to your
browser.
cPanel
• cPanel is a web hosting control panel. It provides graphical user
interface for most of the tasks for example, uploading files, creating
emails, handling databases, etc.
• It is responsive and adapts to any screen size.
• cPanel has in–built File Manager, which helps in managing your files.
• It helps you create & manage e-mail accounts.
• You can easily create a backup of your website.
• You can easily manage your website databases.
cPanel: Setting up a Nameserver
• If you have purchased the domain and hosting from the same
provider, then it is liable that your Nameservers are already setup.
• If you have purchased your domain and hosting from different
providers, then you will have to manually add new Nameservers to
your domain, so that it can point your domain to the right server.
• For setting up your Nameservers, you will have to login to your
domain control panel, and update your Nameservers by replacing the
old one. Each domain provider has its own application to do so, you
will have to refer to your domain registrar’s documentation for
further details.
cPanel - Login
• For logging into the dashboard, you will need your login credentials.
This information is sent to you, when you have signed up for cPanel
hosting or you may have created during purchase of hosting.
cPanel- Create an Email Account
• Step 1 − Click on Email Accounts link found in your Emails section of
the cPanel Home.
• Step 2 − In Email Accounts, you will find Add Email Account on the
Top.
cPanel- Create an Email Account
• Step 3 − Add Email name you want to create as it will be the text that
comes before @.
• Step 4 − Choose a strong password and supply Mailbox Quota. It
defines how much disk space this account can use. You can provide
specific amount of space in MB or you can provide an unlimited quota
for this.
• Step 5 − Click on Create Account to create an Email address
associated with your domain.
cPanel- Manage Email Accounts
• You can manage your email accounts through this interface, you can
change your passwords, change quota amount or delete the email
account.
Using FTP Client
• An FTP client is simply a piece of software that enables you to transfer files
from one computer to another (in this case, from your computer to the
hosting provider's server).
• Once you've downloaded and installed an FTP client, you can configure a
connection for your website via the Site Manager as follows:
• E.g.:
• Open the Site Manager (File > Site Manager)
• Click New (a new site will appear)
• Give the new site a name (i.e. the name of your website)
• In the right hand pane (Site Details), enter your hostname, username, password and any other
details your hosting provider has given you
• Click Save
 Connecting to your Website &
Uploading files
• To connect to your website, either:
• Open the Site Manager (File > Site Manager)
• Select your website (by clicking on it)
• Click Connect
• Uploading your Files
• Once you connect to your website, you will see your local drive on the left
pane, and your remote website on the right pane. You will need to upload
your whole website into one of the directories on the remote site.
• Some web hosting providers may require that you perform another step
before the changes go live. They might require that you run a replication
process via their online control panel like if the FTP server was on a different
computer to your physical website.