Poliomyelitis

poliovirus
 definition

Types of polio

effects and traitment

 Is polio
What is still
alive
polio? today?

How polio
Definition does affect
my body?

How What is
common the risk
is polio? of polio?
I. Definition:
1. What is polio?

Poliomyelitis(polio) is a highly infectious disease caused by

poliovirus, mostly affecting children, that attacks the
nervous system. It causes mild or no symptoms in most
people, but in some people it can lead to spinal and
respiratory paralysis or death.
There are three variations of poliovirus, called wild
poliovirus type 1, 2 and 3 (WPV1, WPV2 and WPV3). Wild
polio types 2 and 3 have been eradicated (no longer exist),
and wild polio type 1 only exists . Polio type 1 is most likely
to cause paralysis.
2. Is polio still alive today?
Yes, there are still cases of polio in some parts of the world
today. While the number of people affected has been greatly
reduced, international efforts to eradicate polio are still
ongoing.
3. How does polio affect my body
Poliovirus gets into your body through your mouth or nose. It makes more
copies of itself (reproduces) in your throat and gut (intestines). In some cases,
it gets into your brain and spinal cord and causes paralysis. Paralysis can
affect your arms, legs or the muscles that control your breathing.
4. You’re most at risk for polio if you aren’t
vaccinated and you:
*Live in or travel to an area where polio hasn’t been
eliminated.
*Live in or travel to an area with poor sanitation.
*Are under 5.
*Are pregnant.
5. How common is polio?
Symptomatic polio is rare in many parts of the world, thanks to
worldwide vaccination programs. In most countries, polio is considered
eliminated — it’s no longer spread in that area. But when people stop
getting vaccinated, polio can start to spread again
II.type of polio
Polio can affect your body differently depending on where the virus multiplies
and attacks. Types of polio include:
1_Abortive poliomyelitis causes flu-like and intestinal symptoms. It only
lasts a few days and doesn’t cause long-lasting issues.
2_Non-paralytic poliomyelitis may cause aseptic meningitis, a
swelling of the area around your brain. It causes more symptoms than
abortive poliomyelitis and may require you to stay in the hospital.
3_Paralytic poliomyelitis happens when poliovirus attacks your brain
and spinal cord. It can paralyze the muscles that allow you to breathe, speak,
swallow and move your limbs. Depending on what parts of your body are
affected, it’s called spinal polio or bulbar polio. Spinal and bulbar polio can
appear together (bulbospinal polio). Less than 1% of people with polio get
paralytic poliomyelitis
3 Polioencephalitis is a rare type of polio that mostly
affects infants. It causes brain swelling.
4_Post-polio syndromes when symptoms of polio come
back years after a polio infection.
III.Effects and traitment:
1. How does polio spread?
Polio spreads through different ways for exemple through coughing or
sneezing or from coming in contact with poop of an infected person.
Also it can spread by:
 Not washing your hands after going to the bathroom or touching poop like
changing diapers

 Drinking contaminated water or getting it in your mouth or eating foods that

have touched contaminated water.

 Being in close contact with someone with polio.

2. Symptoms of polio
A.Symptoms of abortive poliomyelitis:
Abrotive polio symptoms are similar toto many other illnesses,they strat
three to seven days after getting infectecd and last few days.
The symptoms including:
 Fatigue.
 Fever.
 Headache.
 Vomiting.
 Diarrhea or constipation.
 Sore throat
B. Symptoms of polioencephalitis:
 Extreme tiredness (fatigue).
 Anxiety.
 Trouble focusing.
 Seizures.
3.Traitment:
There are no specific medications to treat polio, but you might be able to
improve your symptoms by:
 Drinking fluids (such as water, juice and broth).
 Using heat packs to help muscle aches.
 Taking pain relievers, such as ibuprofen
 Doing physical therapy and any exercise recommended
by your healthcare provider.
 Getting plenty of rest
!!!prevention:
The best way to prevent polio is to get vaccinated. Vaccination is usually
done in childhood.
 Healthcare officials recommend four polio shots in childhood:
 First shot at 2 months old.
 Second shot at 4 months old.
 Third shot between 6 and 18 months old.
 Booster shot between 4 and 6 years old.
If you’ve never been vaccinated for polio and it’s recommended you get
vaccinated as an adult, you’ll get three shots:
 Two doses one to two months apart.
 A third dose six to 12 months after the second.
Thank you for your attention

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PAHO(pan American health organisation)