Use of ChatGPT in Higher Education

Presented by Group No.

5
Aashwin Sharma
(36BM01)
Abhinav Bansal
(36BM03)
Archit Jain
 Introduction
• Research Papers explores the integration of
ChatGPT in higher education.
• Studies looked at how teachers and students feel
about it, such as how well it helps with learning,
whether it's used ethically, and what different age
groups think.
• Research papers also emphasizes the importance of
finding a good balance in using ChatGPT to make
sure it helps and is used responsibly in education.
Gaps in the Literature view:
1. Impact of rules and regulation on other factors was not discussed in any of the study, so we will
discuss the impact on various factors.
2. Sample size were small in all the studies so we will focus on determining the relationships of
various factors by taking larger sample sizes.

Research Objectives:
3. To analyze the impact of use of chat GPT on various factors such as Effort expectancy,
Performance Expectancy, Behavior intention to use chat GPT, Actual use of chap GPT and
knowledge sharing.
4. To analyze the perspectives of different stakeholders (students, faculty, administrators)
regarding the influence of Rules and regulations on their intention to use ChatGPT.

Research Questions:
5. Relationship among Effort expectancy, Performance Expectancy, Behavior intention to use
chat GPT, Actual use of chap GPT and knowledge sharing.
6. How Rules and regulation will impact the stakeholders' behavioral intention to use ChatGPT,
which further impacts the actual use of ChatGPT.
Research Study Model

Hypothesis:
H1. Effort expectancy is positively correlated with performance expectancy.
H2. Effort expectancy is positively correlated with behavioural intention to use ChatGPT.
H3. Effort expectancy is positively correlated with the actual use of ChatGPT.
H4. Performance expectancy is positively correlated with behavioural intention to use
ChatGPT.
H5. Performance expectancy is positively correlated with actual use of ChatGPT.
H6. Behavioural intention is positively correlated with the actual use of ChatGPT.
H7. Knowledge sharing positively moderates the intention-behavioral link regarding the
use of ChatGPT.
H8. Performance expectancy positively mediates the effect of effort expectancy on
behavioural intention to use ChatGPT.
H9. Behavioural intention to use ChatGPT positively mediates the effect of performance
expectancy on the actual use of ChatGPT.
H10. Performance expectancy and behavioural intention to use ChatGPT serially mediate
the effect of effort expectancy on the actual use of ChatGPT.
H11 How rules and regulations are impacting the Behavior intentions to use ChatGPT.
Terminologies used in the Model:

• Effort expectancy: It is the perceived ease of accepting the

technology for use in regular studies and works.
• Performance expectancy: How the performance of the
person get affected by the use of particular technology and
what are the benefits received after using this technology.
• Behavioral intention to use ChatGPT: How the persons
behavior changes after using the new technology or product.
• Actual use of ChatGPT: How the person is actually using
the product and technology in their daily life and what is the
future plan for usage.
• Knowledge sharing: It is the process of exchanging
knowledge among the users such as friends, society and
community.
• Rules and Regulations: There is Requirement of rules and
regulations for implementation of rules and regulation on
ChatGPT for using it in the legal and ethical ways.
 Step 1: Cleaning of Survey Data:
Total no. of survey responses = 324 Nos. (Survey Scale - Ordinal Scale of 1 to 7)

1. Removal of responses with Missing data Greater than 10%

Count with >10% blanks 36 Nos.
Total responses left after removal of responses 288 Nos.
2. Filling of Blank responses:
A) Values of Likert scale are ordinal in nature (Close ended questions) so the same was
filled with the Median.
B) Values of Ratio scale (Open ended questions) –filled by mean
C) Values of Non Numerical questions – Values were filled by Median and Mode.
3. Unengaged respondents:
Respondents with Standard deviation of less than 0.5 were removed from the data.
No. of responses left after removal is 240.
4. Reliability test for questions:
Standard deviation of all the questions in the survey is greater than 10%. So, no question
was removed from the survey.
5. Skewness and Kurtosis value check for survey:
• Kurtosis: In our survey, we have got all the values between -5 to 5 for all the construct
questions, so we are in normal range. That’s why there is no need to remove any
question.
• Skewness: In our model we have skewness in Latest/Ongoing Educational qualification,
Occupation, Discipline because the data is majorly filled by students.
Cleaning of Survey Data (continued)….

6. Multi-variant outlier test:

• For removing the outliers from the data initially the Mahalanobis distance (an effective
distance metric that finds the distance between a point and a distribution) is
calculated.
• Then by applying Chi-square test on Mahalanobis distance, probability is calculated.
• Data with probability values beyond 99.9% is removed from the data because these
values give the outliers.
No. of responses changes to 225 Nos. from 240 Nos. after removal of outliers.
Step 2: Reliability Analysis of a Survey: Reliability gives the result to which extent the survey consistently gives the
same result when it is asked. In this study we are taking the value of Cronbach alpha as it directly gives the Inter-item correlation of all items. For
good reliability Cronbach’s Alpha must be between 0.7 and 0.97.

Despite its benefits, ChatGPT has some limitations: