OBSTRUCTIVE

JAUNDICE
HIMANSHU GUPTA
GROUP : 627
OVERVIEW

 Obstructive jaundice occurs when there is a

blockage in the bile ducts, preventing bile from
flowing properly into the digestive system.

 Thisobstruction leads to a buildup of bilirubin

in the bloodstream, causing the skin and eyes to
appear yellow.
CAUSES OF OBSTRUCTIVE
JAUNDICE
 Gallstones: Small, hard deposits in the
gallbladder that can block the bile duct.
 Pancreatic cancer: Tumors in the pancreas that
can obstruct the bile duct.
 Bileduct strictures: Narrowing of the bile duct
due to inflammation, scarring, or injury.
 Liver or pancreatic tumors: Growths in these
organs can directly block the bile duct.
CLINICAL SIGNS

 Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice).

 Dark urine and pale stools.
 Abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.
 Itching, fatigue, and weight loss
LABORATORY SIGNS

 Elevated
levels of bilirubin in the blood due to
impaired bile excretion.
 Elevated
liver enzymes such as alkaline
phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase
(GGT).
 Diagnostic Tests:
 Ultrasound,CT scan, or MRI to visualize
blockages or abnormalities.
 Endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) to directly
visualize the bile ducts and remove blockages.
TREATMENT

 Cholecystectomy (surgical removal of the

gallbladder) for gallstones.
 Surgery,
chemotherapy, or radiation therapy for
tumors causing the obstruction.
 Placement of a stent in the bile duct to keep it
open.
COMPLICATIONS

 Infections of the bile ducts (cholangitis).

 Liver damage.
 Nutritional deficiencies.

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