Start

Open valve
at loop 001

Is level of
crude
soybean
oil = NO
1000L?
YES

Open valve at
loop 002

0.01 kg Desired amount

of H3PO4 added

Close valve
at loop 002

Mixing
Adjust temp
Tank

Figure 3.7. Acid Degumming for Phosphatides value

equal or greater than 50ppm Control System Flow Chart
 Start

Open valve
at (loop
number)

Is level of
crude
soybean
oil = NO
1000L?
YES

Close valve
at (loop
number)

Figure 3.7. Acid Degumming for Phosphatides value less

than 50ppm Control System Flow Chart
 A

Open valve at loop

2% of water Desired amount of water

added

Close valve at loop

Mixing Tank Adjust temp

YES
Settling tank Gums

Figure 3.8. Water Degumming Control System Flow Chart

 B

Open valve at (loop

number)

1.73 kg Desired amount

of NaOH

Close valve at (loop

number)

32° C
Mixing tank

Figure 3.9. Neutralization Control System Flow Chart

 C

Open valve at
(loop number)

10% of water Desired

amount of
water

Close valve at
(loop number)

Mixing
Adjust temp
tank

Settling tank Soapstock

Figure 3.9. Neutralization Control System Flow Chart

 D

Desired
level of
neutralized
oil

Open valve at
(loop number)

Desired
2% of Fuller’s Earth amount of
clay

Close valve at
(loop number)

Mixing Adjust
tank temp

Figure 3.10. Bleaching Control System Flow Chart

 E

Filtration residue

Are there
still residue YES
present in
oil?

NONE

Figure 3.11. Filtration Control System Flow Chart

 F

Is temp =
170°C?
YES

25 psi Define desired

pressure under
vacuum

2-3 ½ hrs
Stripping

Vacuum system

END

Figure 3.12. Deodorization Control System Flow Chart

 Soybean Oil Standard

Impurities Crude Oil Refined Oil

Free Fatty Acid (FFA) 0.3-0.7% <0.05 %

Phosphatides 200 - 1200 ppm <50 ppm or 0.02%

Dark Yellow Pale Yellow or Amber

Color
0.8 Red and 8.0 Yellow
Process Amount of Temperature Time Pressure
Solvent

Acid 0.01 kg 70-90°C 30-45 mins -

Degumming

Water 20 L 70-90°C 15-30 mins -

Degumming

Neutralization 1.73 kg 32°C 5-15 mins -

(Acid)

Neutralization 100 L 70-75°C 30-40 mins -

(Water)

Bleaching 20 L 80-120°C 20-30 mins -

Deodorization - 220-260°C 1-3 hrs 25 psi

Degumming

Reaction Time 15 mins 30 mins 45 mins 60 mins

Phosphoric Doses 0.03% 0.045% 0.06% 0.1%

Temperature 70°C 85°C 100°C 75°C

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = Volume of oil (L) x (Desired phosphoric acid concentration (%)/100)

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = 1000L x (0.03%/100)

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = 0.003 kg

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = Volume of oil (L) x (Desired phosphoric acid concentration (%)/100)

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = 1000L x (0.045%/100)

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = 0.0045 kg

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = Volume of oil (L) x (Desired phosphoric acid concentration (%)/100)

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = 1000L x (0.06%/100)

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = 0.006 kg

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = Volume of oil (L) x (Desired phosphoric acid concentration (%)/100)

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = 1000L x (0.1%/100)

Amount of phosphoric acid (kg) = 0.01 kg

Neutralization

Measures of Sodium Hydroxide Concentration

°B Normality NaOH Content (%)

14 2.38 9.50

16 2.76 11.06

18 3.17 12.68

Amount of NaOH(kg) = (%FFA x 0.142+%excess) x 100 / %NaOH in caustic

Amount of NaOH(kg) = (0.7x 0.142+0.12) x 100 / 9.50

Amount of NaOH(kg) = 2.30 kg of 14° Be

Amount of NaOH(kg) = (%FFA x 0.142+%excess) x 100 / %NaOH in caustic

Amount of NaOH(kg) = (0.7x 0.142+0.12) x 100 / 11.06

Amount of NaOH(kg) = 1.98 kg of 16° Be

Amount of NaOH(kg) = (%FFA x 0.142+%excess) x 100 / %NaOH in caustic

Amount of NaOH(kg) = (0.7x 0.142+0.12) x 100 / 12.68

Amount of NaOH(kg) = 1.73 kg of 18° Be

Bleaching

m= Density x Volume
m= 1.922 g/cm3 x 1000L
m= 922kg

X2= 0.25% of 922kg X2=1.5% of 922kg

Xz= 2.305kg X2= 13.82 %

X2= 0.50% of 922kg X2= 1.75% of 922kg

Xz= 4.61 kg X2= 16.135kg

X2= 0.75% of 922kg X2= 2% of 922kg

Xz= 6.915kg X2= 18.44kg

X2= 1.00% of 922kg

Xz= 9.22 kg

X2= 0.25% of 922kg

Xz= 2.305kg

X2= 1.25% of 922kg

Xz= 11.525kg
Deodorization

Temperature Pressure Time

220-260 25psi 1-3 hours

Physical Design

Dimension of Tank for Storage

Tank Height Tank Diameter Wall Thickness

1.00 m 1.00m

Dimension of Mixing Tank for Degummimg

TANK IMPELLER
Diameter 1m Blade Angle

Height Blade Width

Wall Thickness Blade Length

Clearance Blade Thickness

Shaft Diameter

Shaft Length
Physical Design

TANK IMPELLER
Diameter 1m Blade Angle

Height 1.4271 m Blade Width

Wall Thickness Blade Length

Clearance Blade Thickness

Shaft Diameter

Shaft Length

Tank Height

Total Volume: