SPANISH

ERA
(1521-1898)
WHAT KIND OF ART
DEVELOPED DURING SPANISH
COLONIZATION?
Art became a hand maiden of religion, serving to propagate the Catholic
faith and thus support the colonial order at the same time religious orders
were dispatched to convert the natives to Catholicism as part of the larger
project culturally as religious art, lowland Christian art or folk art.
 IMPORTANT
HAPPENINGS RELATED
TO ART DURING
SPANISH ERA
• Chinese artisans were engaged in making icons or saints made in
wood or ivory.
• Colonial churches were built.

SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH IN MANILA

• Colonial churches were built.

SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH IN PAOAY, ILOCOS NORTE

• Colonial churches were built.

NUESTRA SENORA DE LA ASUNCION IN SANTA MARIA,

ILOCOS SUR
• Colonial churches were built.

SANTO THOMAS DE VILLANUEVA CHURCH IN ILOILO

• Western musical instruments were introduced, pipe organ, violin,
guitar and piano.

PIPE ORGAN VIOLIN

• Western musical instruments were introduced, pipe organ, violin,
guitar and piano.

GUITAR PIANO
• Catholic liturgical music was introduced in 1742.
• Choral music to boys were introduced and created the first
Filipino composers named Marcelo Adonay (1848-1928).
• Musical form based on Catholic faith have emerge in the
Pasyon-the biblical of Christ’s passion chanted in an
improvise melody.
• Secular music was formed; the awit and the corridor -
these were the two musical forms based on European
literature and history.
• Kundiman became a vehicle for conflict – the lyrics were
that of unrequited love, except that the love object was
the Philippines who would be cleverly concealed as
beautiful woman.
• Mangyans made the baybayin script made of bamboo
poles cut into smaller nodes that are carved used to
composed short poems, expressing one’s feelings and
other emotional concerns.
• Pomp and pageantry of religious processions were
introduced.
• Zarzuela was introduced, it was an opera
which features singing and dancing with
prosed dialogue which allowed the story to
be carried out in a song.
• Severino Reyes and Hermogenes Ilagan were awarded as the
most distinguished playwrights as they wrote zarzuela in
tagalog.

Severino Reyes Hermogenes Ilagan

• Honorata “Atang” dela Rama awarded as the most celebrated
leading actress.
• The first Senakulo was written in 1704 by
Gaspar Aquino de Belen.
• Komedya were also introduced; komedya de santo
(it centers on life of Christ ) and Secular Komedya.
• Folk dances such as carinosa, pandanggo, polka ,
dansa and rigodon, habanera, and tango were
introduced.
Cariñosa Pandanggo Polka
 Dansa

Rigodon
 Tango

Habanera
• Visual arts, and paintings must be visual interpretation of biblical
texts center to Catholic devotion.

Heaven Earth and Hell by Jose Dans (1850)

• Reprographic art of printmaking was introduced,
Doctrina Christiana is an example, the first printed
book in the Philippines compiling song lyrics,
commandments, sacraments and other catechetical
material.
• Juan Luna (Spolarium) won gold medals and Felix
Resurrection Hidalgo (Virgenes christianas expuestas al
populacho) won silver medals.
 Juan Luna (Spolarium)

Felix Resurrection
Hidalgo (Virgenes christianas
expuestas al populacho)
FAMOUS ARTISTS AND
THEIR ARTWORKS
during Spanish era:
 Visual Arts:
1. Damian Domingo

Tipos del País, literally meaning

Types of the Country, is a style of
watercolor painting that shows the
watercolor
different types of inhabitants in the album of
Philippines in their different native
costumes that show their social status tipos
and occupation during colonial times.
2. Juan Luna

Spoliarium,
Espana y
Filipinas
3. Felix Resurrection y Padilla

Virgenes
christianas
expuestas al
populacho
4. Lorenzo Guerrero

The
water carrier
5. Simon Flores

Portrait
of the Quiazon
Miniature painters:

• Antonio Malantic
• Isidro Arceo
• Dionesio de Castro
• Justiniano Assuncion
Engraver:
• Francisco Juarez
• Nicolas Engraver
• Laureano Atlas
• Felipe Sevilla

Musician - Composer:
• Marcelo Adonay
Theater Artist:

• Honorata “Atang” dela Rama

Writers:

• Severino Reyes-Zarzuela
• Hermogenes Ilagan-Zarzuela
• Gaspar Aquino de Belen-Senakulo
THANK
YOU